1,721,118 research outputs found
Peritoneal ectopic lesions from women with endometriosis show abnormalities in progesterone-dependent glycan expression.
No full textExamination of 12 paired peritoneal ectopic and eutopic endometria for histochemical binding of Dolichos biflorus agglutinin, normally found in the mid–late secretory part of the cycle, showed a failure of lectin binding in 9 of 11 secretory-phase lesions although the eutopic specimens generally stained normally. This failure of glycan expression in the secretory phase may result from various anomalies, including an inability to respond to progesterone, possibly due to a lack of, or to nonfunctional, progesterone receptors, suggesting that an ectopic environment may produce changes in tissue cell biology and hormonal responsiveness compared with that of eutopic endometrium.
Our recent study (1) on the ultrastructure of ectopic lesions from a cohort of women with endometriosis showed many abnormalities, including indications of a failure to exhibit the normal process of differentiation in the secretory half of the cycle. This was manifested by an absence of glycogen deposition in basal vacuoles and of both giant mitochondria and nucleolar channel systems in the early–midsecretory phase of the cycle. There was also considerable heterogeneity in the morphology of the glands and cystic structures observed in the electron microscope. We have now investigated whether these ultrastructural changes are accompanied by a parallel failure to show biochemical differentiation, because we have also previously shown that normal endometrial tissue undergoes a progesterone-dependent biosynthesis of glycans bound by Dolichos biflorus lectin [2] and [3].
The study group originally comprised 26 women with visually and biopsy-proven endometriosis who had undergone laparoscopic excision of endometriotic deposits and endometrial curettage, as previously described (1); however, only 12 biopsies proved to contain glandular structures in the area of tissue selected for this part of the study. Menstrual cycles (28–30 days) were regular according to the history taken at the time of the outpatient appointment, and normal ovulatory pattern was confirmed by day 21 serum progesterone. The stage of endometriosis at the time of laparoscopy was determined according to the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine scoring system (4); all were red lesions. Eutopic tissue in each case was also taken, processed, and stained simultaneously with identical protocols
Ultrastructure of ectopic peritoneal lesions from women with endometriosis, including observations on the contribution of coelomic mesothelium.
No full textFollowing a study in a baboon model of endometriosis, we here describe the morphology of ectopic peritoneal lesions in the human to examine the effects of an ectopic site on glandular structure and function. Ectopic biopsies from 17 women with endometriosis were fixed and processed for electron microscopy. Certain biopsies were also probed for intermediate filaments using immunohistochemistry. Ultrastructurally, lesions showed many different glandular morphologies with indications of delayed maturation compared to normal endometrium. Mesothelium covered some lesions and there was evidence of mesothelial invasion into the stroma. Ectopic endometriotic lesions from women with endometriosis showed ultrastructural differences from eutopic endometrium, with indications that mesothelial invasion may contribute to gland development in some lesions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pre-emptive treatment for cytomegalovirus viraemia to prevent cytomegalovirus disease in solid organ transplant recipients
No full textBACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in solid organ transplant recipients. Pre-emptive treatment with antiviral agents of patients with CMV viraemia has been widely adopted as an alternative to routine prophylaxis to prevent CMV disease. OBJECTIVES: This review was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of pre-emptive treatment in preventing symptomatic CMV disease. SEARCH STRATEGY: The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL, in The Cochrane Library Issue 2, 2005), MEDLINE (1966 to February 2005), EMBASE (1980 to February 2005) and reference lists and conference proceedings were searched. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of pre-emptive treatment versus placebo, no treatment or antiviral prophylaxis in solid organ transplant recipients. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors assessed the quality and extracted all data. Analysis was with a random-effects model and results expressed as relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). MAIN RESULTS: Ten eligible trials (476 patients) were identified, six of pre-emptive treatment versus placebo or treatment of CMV when disease occurred (standard care), three of pre-emptive treatment versus antiviral prophylaxis and one of oral versus intravenous pre-emptive treatment. Compared with placebo or standard care, pre-emptive treatment significantly reduced the risk of CMV disease (six trials, 288 patients: RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.11 to 0.80) but not acute rejection (three trials, 185 patient: RR 1.06, 95% CI 0.64 to 1.76) or all-cause mortality (two trials, 176 patients: RR 1.23, 95% CI 0.35 to 4.30). Comparative trials of pre-emptive therapy versus prophylaxis showed no significant difference in the risks of CMV disease, acute rejection or all-cause mortality. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Few RCTs have evaluated the effects of pre-emptive therapy to prevent CMV disease. Pre-emptive therapy is effective compared with placebo or standard care, but additional head-to-head trials are required to determine the relative benefits and harms of pre-emptive therapy and prophylaxis to prevent CMV disease in solid organ transplant recipients
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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