1,721,130 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
A new approach to the design of heterogeneous single-site enantioselective catalysts
No full textWe analyze the merits of an approach to the design of enantioselective catalysts that relies on constraining an anchored organometallic complex at the inner walls of mesoporous silica. Two distinct metal centers {Rh(I) and Pd(II)}, three distinct diamino ligands {(S)-(-)-2-aminomethyl-1-ethylpyrrolidine, (AMP), (S)-(+)-(2-pyrrolidinyl-methyl)pyrrolidine, (PMP), and (1R,2R)-(+)-1,2-diphenylethylenediamine, (DED)}, two distinct methods of anchoring (a covalent and a noncovalent one), and two specific examples of enantioselective hydrogenation (the asymmetric hydrogenation of the C=C bond in E--phenylcinnamic acid and the asymmetric hydrogenation of the C=O bond in methyl benzoylformate) have been investigated. Values of enantiomeric excess (ee) ranging from a low of 66 to a high of 93 have been achieved by this approach. Moreover, the catalysts are robust and stand up well to recycling
Constraining asymmetric organometallic catalysts within mesoporous supports boosts their enantioselectivity
No full textBy constraining tethered asymmetric organometallic catalysts within the nanopores of silica supports so as to increase the interaction between the pore wall and the active center (and hence to restrict access of the reactant to the catalyst) a significant improvement in enantioselectivity is achieved. A schematic illustration of a cationic chiral, organometallic catalyst, [Rh(I)(COD)PMP] {(S)-(+)-1-(2-pyrrolidinylmethyl)-pyrrolidine and cyclooctadiene}, which is non-covalently anchored, via a N–H••••F hydrogen bond with the triflate ion, CF3SO3-, to the curved inner surface of a 38 Å diameter pore of a silica support, for the asymmetric hydrogenation of the C=O bond in methyl benzoylformate to the corresponding methyl mandelate is shown. Rh (purple); N (blue); H (white); F (green); C (grey); S (yellow); O (red)
Experimental observations of dry powder inhaler dose fluidisation
No full textDry powder inhalers (DPIs) are widely used to deliver respiratory medication as a fine powder. This study investigates the physical mechanism of DPI operation, assessing the effects of geometry, inhalation and powder type on dose fluidisation. Patient inhalation through an idealised DPI was simulated as a linearly increasing pressure drop across three powder dose reservoir geometries permitting an analysis of shear and normal forces on dose evacuation. Pressure drop gradients of 3.3, 10 and 30 kPa s?1were applied to four powder types (glass, aluminium, and lactose 6 and 16% fines) and high speed video of each powder dose fluidisation was recorded and quantitatively analysed. Two distinct mechanisms are identified, labelled ‘fracture’ and ‘erosion’. ‘Fracture’ mode occurs when the initial evacuation occurs in several large agglomerates whilst ‘erosion’ mode occurs gradually, with successive layers being evacuated by the high speed gas flow at the bed/gas interface. The mechanism depends on the powder type, and is independent of the reservoir geometries or pressure drop gradients tested. Both lactose powders exhibit fracture characteristics, while aluminium and glass powders fluidise as an erosion. Further analysis of the four powder types by an annular shear cell showed that the fluidisation mechanism cannot be predicted using bulk powder properties
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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