1,721,436 research outputs found
An integrated queuing and multi-objective bed allocation model with application to a hospital in China
No full textIn this paper, a multi-objective decision aiding model is introduced for allocation of beds in a hospital. The model is based on queuing theory and goal programming (GP). Queuing theory is used to obtain some essential characteristics of access to various departments (or specialities) within the hospital. Results from the queuing models are used to construct a multi-objective decision aiding model within a GP framework, taking account of targets and objectives related to customer service and profits from the hospital manager and all department heads. The paper describes an application of the model, dealing with a public hospital in China that had serious problems with loss of potential patients in some departments and a waste of hospital beds in others. The performance of the model and implications for hospital management are presented
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Goal programming to model human decision making in ultimatum games
No full textGoal Programming (GP) is applied to modelling the decision making processes in the well-known Ultimatum Game and some of its variations. The decision model for a player is a Chebychev GP model that balances her individual desires with the mental model she has of the desires of other relevant players. Fairness is modelled as a universal mechanism, allowing players to differ in their belief of what a fair solution should be in any particular game. The model's conceptual framework draws upon elements considered of importance in the field of cognitive neuroscience, and results from the field of psychology are used to further specify the types of goals in the model. Computer simulations of the GP models, testing a number of Ultimatum, Dictator and Double-Blind Dictator Games, lead to distributions of proposals made and accepted that correspond reasonably well with experimental finding
Optimal bed allocation in hospitals
No full textIn this paper a decision aiding model is introduced for optimizing the allocation of beds in a hospital. The model is based on queueing theory and goal programming (GP). Queueing theory is used to obtain some essential characteristics of access to various departments (or specialities) within the hospital. Results from the queueing models are used to construct a multi-objective decision aiding model in the GP framework, taking account of targets and objectives related to customer service and profits from the hospital manager and all department heads. The model is developed for a public hospital in China. The performance of the model and implications for hospital management are presented
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The root cortex of the Poaceae: a diverse, dynamic, and dispensable tissue
No full textAbstract Background The root cortex in Poaceae is a diverse, dynamic, and dispensable composite layer of tissue. Early in plant growth, the cortex in Poaceae roots primarily consists of parenchyma cells. However, as the root continues to develop, while encountering varying environmental conditions, the cortex undergoes substantial structural and functional changes. These modifications involve either cell wall modifications or programmed cell death, to form tissues including the endodermis, exodermis, sclerenchyma, and aerenchyma, or to result in cortical senescence. The dynamic spatial architecture of these tissues plays a crucial role in storage, microbial interactions, physical protection, biosynthesis of metabolites, and the radial movement of water, nutrients, and gases, and therefore, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance. Scope Here, we aim to explore cortical tissues in axial roots of Poaceae and how their capacity for plastic responses to environmental cues underscores their role in plant adaptation and climate resilience. We also highlight key research gaps and opportunities to facilitate our understanding of this composite layer of tissue and its role in plant stress response and rhizosphere interactions. Conclusions Axial root cortical tissues and their capacity for dynamic change are major drivers of adaptation and resilience in the Poaceae. Understanding the function and variability of root cortical tissues has potential to improve plant stress tolerance to a number of abiotic and biotic factors across a range of species and environments. Cortical tissues, and the plasticity thereof, may be useful breeding targets for improved soil resource capture and stress tolerance.European Research Council Starting Grant http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000781Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) VIDI grantGrains Research and Development Corporation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000980Leibniz-Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung (IPK
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