1,720,971 research outputs found
The spatio-temporal distribution and habitat associations of marine mega-vertebrates off southwest UK
Full text linkThis thesis uses data collected between 2007 and 2010 in an intensive, effort-based visual monitoring survey in southwest Cornwall, UK. The survey was carried out from a strategic watchpoint overlooking a regionally unique seabed feature, the Runnelstone Reef, which has previously been identified as key site for all three of the study’s target species: harbour porpoise Phocoena phocoena, basking shark Cetorhinus maximus and Balearic shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus. The location of the survey site is perceived as a productive, coastal marine ‘hotspot’ by local wildlife observers, eco-tour companies, conservation bodies and commercial fishermen. The aim of the study was to use a multidisciplinary approach to investigate the drivers behind the increased abundance and diversity of mega-vertebrates at the site. A wide range of environmental data, from fine-scale bathymetry to remote-sensed oceanographic data, were utilised in an attempt understand the potential interactions between the target species and the environment at a variety of scales.Although the target species have very different ecologies and each represent a different taxonomic Class; they each face significant threats throughout their range due to human impacts and are all listed as species of conservation concern on a number of UK, European and International Directives and Conventions. Therefore, improving our understanding of their distribution and highlighting interactions between the animals and their environment is an important objective, both for science and conservation.Harbour porpoise sightings showed significant fine scale temporal clustering associated with tidal flow, as well as spatial clustering around parts of the survey area with steepest seafloor slopes. The timing and location of highest porpoise densities coincided with tidal-topographically controlled hydrodynamic features identified using fine-scale current profile data (ADCP). The sightings and acoustic monitoring (C-POD) data both showed a high amount of temporal variability at seasonal, daily and hourly scales, highlighting the complex nature of the fine scale animal-environment interactions.Daily patterns in basking shark sightings data were investigated as a function of physical environmental covariates, with particular focus on the effect of meso-scale thermal fronts. In line with previous national scale studies of the species, shark sightings were significantly affected by sea surface temperature (SST) and there was evidence for a change in seasonal abundance compared to the long-term pattern. In addition, the variance of SST over the preceding weeks was identified as being a key predictor of the abundance of sharks in the survey area. Surprisingly, there was not a significant effect of the presence, persistence or thermal gradient strength of fronts on daily shark sightings. The implications of this result are discussed with reference to results of previous studies and the focus of marine protected area policy in the UK.The broad scale spatio-temporal analyses of Balearic shearwater sightings data from the UK, Ireland and France indicate that the birds continue to be recorded in significant numbers throughout areas previously considered to be at the northernmost extent of their range. Record counts of passing birds were recorded off southwest UK in the last two years, along with unprecedented aggregations in bays along the Brittany coast, comprising approximately 20 % of the estimated global population. The data presented provide much-needed quantitative information on the at-sea distribution and behaviour of this Critically Endangered species during the interbreeding period, and support earlier studies suggesting a northwards shift in their migratory distribution
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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