1,721,232 research outputs found
The educational aims of primary MFL teaching: an investigation into the perceived importance of linguistic competence and intercultural understanding
No full textSince the publication in England of the National Languages Strategy, there has been much debate concerning the aims of primary modern foreign language (PMFL) teaching. This article presents research into the beliefs of tutors and preservice
teachers in training on Postgraduate Certificate of Education (PGCE) courses with a PMFL specialism in England. It considers several widely reported aims of PMFL teaching, but focuses particularly on the balance between developing children’s linguistic competence and their intercultural understanding (IU), as advocated by the Department for Education and Skills in the National Languages Strategy. Findings show some disparity of beliefs both among tutors and their pre-service teachers and between them, thus highlighting the possibility of a lack of a consistent approach to PMFLs. The article goes on to consider evidence which suggests that although many of those working in primary education claim to value IU, in practice it may not be taught systematically. It also considers reasons for this. This is reviewed in the context of the Key Stage 2 Framework for Languages which may have the potential to provide the structure for a more balanced approach to PMFLs
Bullying and the postgraduate trainee teacher: a comparative study
No full textIn 2001, Maguire published the findings from a survey of the perceptions and experiences of secondary school trainee teachers of adult-adult bullying. The current paper reports on a study which aimed to compare the incidence and nature of bullying of postgraduate trainees in another English teacher training institution with the experiences of those in Maguire's and extend the original study to include a comparison of postgraduate Primary and Secondary trainee experiences. A similar questionnaire to that used by Maguire was used to determine trainee experiences of bullying and these were then explored further through individual interviews. The findings showed that while the levels of bullying in this study were much lower than those reported by Maguire, there were similarities in the experiences of the trainees from the two institutions in that most bullying took place in the school rather than in the higher education institution, younger trainees were most vulnerable and male trainees were less likely to experience bullying than female trainees. This study also indicates that the Primary trainees were more reluctant to tell someone they were being bullied than their Secondary counterparts and that bullying incidents were often characterised by a breakdown in communication between the trainee teacher and the school mentor. This study shows that trainees' bullying can cause both physical and psychological effects and that these might be a causal factor in the numbers of trainees choosing not to pursue a career in teaching
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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