1,750 research outputs found
Multiscale Patterning of a Metallic Glass using Sacrificial Imprint Lithography
No full textBulk metallic glasses have been advanced as a means to achieve durable multiscale, nanotextured surfaces with desirable properties dictated by topography for a multitude of applications. One barrier to this achievement is the lack of a bridging technique between macroscale thermoplastic forming and nanoimprint lithography, which arises from the difficulty and cost of generating controlled nanostructures on complex geometries using conventional top-down approaches. This difficulty is compounded by the necessary destruction of any resulting reentrant structures during rigid demolding. We have developed a generalized method to overcome this limitation by sacrificial template imprinting using zinc oxide nanostructures. It is established that such structures can be grown inexpensively and quickly with tunable morphologies on a wide variety of substrates out of solution, which we exploit to generate the nanoscale portion of the multiscale pattern through this bottom-up approach. In this way, we achieve metallic structures that simultaneously demonstrate features from the macroscale down to the nanoscale, requiring only the top-down fabrication of macro/microstructured molds. Upon detachment of the formed part from the multiscale molds, the zinc oxide remains embedded in the surface and can be removed by etching in mild conditions to both regenerate the mold and render the surface of the bulk metallic glass nanoporous. The ability to pattern metallic surfaces in a single step on length scales from centimeters down to nanometers is a critical step toward fabricating devices with complex shapes that rely on multiscale topography for their intended functions, such as for biomedical and electrochemical applications.Peer reviewe
005 - Kyle Singer
No full textI highlight the importance of flaws, trauma, and repression by evoking concepts of “the unconscious” through surrealist methodologies. Considering all that is suppressed/repressed within my psyche to form the culturally accepted version of myself, and by examining the distance between my identity, and the repressed self. Engaging the viewers through superabundance, tackling issues of consumerism with construction that grapples with the excess of daily life. I question aesthetic value, moral responsibility, and political agency in my efforts to sublimate the abject. The abject touches on the fragility of our boundaries and the spatial distinction between our interiority and exteriority. My art stems from an insatiable appetite for new materials and compulsive ways I can explore new methods and processes. The impetus for my work is a cultural and political critique imbued with my own flavor of cynicism and disillusionment. I endeavor to destabilize perceptions by creating overwhelming masses of matter and meaning; meant to be all-consuming. This non-hierarchical kind of making causes a slow unraveling of my work allowing for an unpredictable composition and use of materials.The abject deals with a vast array of issues such as marginalized people, mortality, boundaries, and repulsion. It is usually used to describe the human reaction to horror and threatens to breakdown meaning by causing the loss of distinction between subject and object; between self and other. In an era of mass displacement due to natural and political disasters, this conceptually interest me and seem particularly relevant. The abject calls into question hierarchical values that allows for the dispersion and displacement of people: whether it be refugees, or low in-come families pushed out by gentrification. In the age of information, we have become incredibly efficient at codifying people and separating them from their personhood and seeing them only as replaceable objects with a set value; as a cluster of information to be used and exploited for profits. I plan to continue exploring the possibilities of media combination and new technologies. I am currently working with laser cutting, 3D printing, 3D scanning and the CNC machine. I am trying to explore new ways of misusing the machinery as a chance operation that allows the ebbs, flows, and limitations of the process itself to become a way of making. These new processes drastically change the way we think about construction and the possibilities of form. It blurs the boundaries between the hand-made and the mass-produced, dovetailing nicely with my ideas of consumerist cultural critique.College of Liberal Arts - Highest Achievement - Visual and Performing Arts
Illuminating Silhouettes
No full textA collection of poems by Wright State University Department of Emergency Medicine faculty member, Jonathan Singer, MD with photos by Jim Olson, PhD, Pam Olson, Phyllis Doerger, MD, and Stephanie Carson. First edition.https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/books/1039/thumbnail.jp
Stewed Prunes and Rice Pudding: College Students Eat and Talk with I. B. Singer
No full textA small group of students from a nearby Catholic college, after seeing Singer\u27s Broadway play Yentl, sit in the Americana eating blintzes and bagels with their number-one favorite author and his wife, Alma Singer. These students have spent weeks immersing themselves, as one put it, in thousands of pages of I. B. Singer
Irving Singer (1925-2015)
No full textIn lieu of an abstract, below is the essay\u27s first paragraph.
The noted philosopher and Santayana scholar Irving Singer, author of the magisterial three-volume work The Nature of Love, died on February 1, 2015, aged 89. Singer was born in Brooklyn on December 24, 1925, and served in World War II. He graduated summa cum laude from Harvard in 1948, under the G.I. Bill. The following year he wed Josephine Fisk, an opera singer with whom he had four children. They spent a year at Oxford (1949-1950), during which time Singer read The Last Puritan and in 1950 took a trip to Italy to meet its author. This is related in detail in the delightful article \u27A Pilgrimage to Santayana,\u27 which can be found in Singer’s 2000 book George Santayana, Literary Philosopher, an essential work for anyone interested in the life and thought of Santayana. Graduating with a PhD in philosophy from Harvard in 1952, Singer taught at Harvard, Cornell, the University of Michigan, and Johns Hopkins before joining MIT in 1958, where he was to remain for over half a century, retiring from there in 2013. Over his long and distinguished career, Singer wrote numerous articles and 21 books, devoted to such diverse topics as aesthetics, creativity, film, literature, music, and moral philosophy. He combined the rigorous approach of analytic philosophy with the experimental technique of pragmatism. In addition to the Nature of Love trilogy, other titles include Modes of Creativity: Philosophical Perspectives; Mozart and Beethoven: The Concept of Love in Their Operas; Cinematic Mythmaking: Philosophy in Film; Ingmar Berman: Cinematic Philosopher; Santayana’s Aesthetics: A Critical Analysis, and the aforementioned George Santayana: Literary Philosopher. The MIT Press has honored his work by initiating \u27The Irving Singer Library,\u27 which has republished many of his books. At the time of his death, Singer was working on a manuscript entitled Creativity in the Brain. A more detailed description of Singer’s many works and awards can be found on the MIT website: http://web.mit/edu/philosophy/singer.html Singer was predeceased by his wife Josephine, who died in 2014. They had been wed for 65 years. He called her his semicollaborator, and joked that \u27I write in bed, where I am comfortable, and dictate to my wife. She often disagrees with what I say, and we’ll discuss it, and sometimes I incorporate her ideas.\u2
Jonathan Glover ou le besoin d'une éthique appliquée
No full textNous introduisons ici un numéro spécial consacré au philosophe britannique Jonathan Glover (1941-). Reconnu comme une figure importante de l'éthique appliquée dans le monde anglo-saxon, Glover ne bénéficie pas encore de la même renommée dans le monde francophone. En 2017, quarante ans après la publication originale de Causing Death and Saving Lives (1977), nous avons publié une traduction française de ce même ouvrage, sous le titre Questions de vie ou de mort (trad. B. Basse, Labor et fides, 2017). Dans cet éditorial, nous commençons par rappeler les raisons pour lesquelles Glover jugea nécessaire, dans les années 60, de donner à l'éthique un caractère davantage "appliqué". Puis nous présentons dans ses grandes lignes l'éthique du "faire-mourir" défendue par Glover, résolument pluraliste, et non pas strictement utilitariste comme d'aucuns ont pu le penser. Enfin, nous introduisons les contributions de ce numéro spécial (rédigées par des auteurs francophones), ainsi que les trois entretiens que nous avons menés avec Jonathan Glover, Peter Singer et Jeff McMahan.I introduce here a special issue dedicated to the British philosopher Jonathan Glover (1941-). Recognized as an important figure in applied ethics in the Anglo-Saxon world, Glover does not yet enjoyed the same reputation in the French-speaking world. In 2017, forty years after the original publication of Causing Death and Saving Lives (1977), I published a French translation of the same book, entitled Questions de vie ou de mort (translated by B. Basse, Labor et fides, 2017). In this editorial, I begin by recalling the reasons why Glover considered it necessary in the 1960s to give ethics a more "applied" character. Then I present in broad terms the ethics of "making people die" defended by Glover, resolutely pluralist, and not strictly utilitarian as some may have thought. Finally, I introduce the contributions to this special issue (written by French-speaking authors), as well as the three interviews I conducted with Jonathan Glover, Peter Singer and Jeff McMahan
Long-term Patterns in Australia’s Terms of Trade
No full textWe examine two important aspects of Australia’s terms of trade using 135 years of annual data up to 2003/04. Since Australia predominantly exports commodities and imports manufactures, the Prebisch-Singer hypothesis suggests that there should be a negative trend in the terms of trade. But the trend is no more than –0.1 per cent per annum, less than the trend decline in world commodity prices relative to manufactured goods prices. The weaker trend appears to be the result of Australia exporting, and importantly diversifying toward, commodities with faster price growth. Extending the sample using projections for the terms of trade for the two years to 2005/06 based on commodity price movements to date, the apparent downward trend disappears. Indeed, based on these projections, the terms of trade will have increased by around 50 per cent over the period 1987–2006, unwinding the decline over the preceding 30 years. We also investigate the volatility of the terms of trade and demonstrate that it was significantly higher between 1923 and 1952. This is attributable to substantially higher volatility in the export prices of a few key commodity exports. Volatility declined after 1952 due to smaller shocks to the prices of these goods. The diversification in Australia’s export base since then means that the terms of trade are less susceptible to shocks to prices of individual commodity exports.terms of trade; commodity prices; Prebisch-Singer
Can reforming global institutions help developing countries share more in the benefits from globalization?
No full textGlobalization could significantly expand trade, international investment, and technological advances, but the gains from global integration have been unevenly distributed across and within nations. Greater global interdependence has also brought greater macroeconomic volatility, resulting in several serious financial crises in the second half of the 1990s. The global matrix of Bretton Woods and United Nations institutions that developed starting in the 1940s, formed under a different balance of power, in a world of fixed exchange rates and limited capital mobility. Since the 1960s regional financial institutions have emerged because of the greater autonomy of different regions and the greater financial needs of development. The author reviews different proposals for reform of the international financial institutions and changes in the roles of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank. He highlights the implications for developing countries of (1) Policy conditionality. (2) The countercyclical role of multilaterals'lending. (3) Greater lending to middle-income than to low-income developing countries. (3) Access to liquidity at times of crisis. (4) Mechanisms for giving low-income countries a greater voice in IMF and World Bank decisionmaking. The author streses the overlapping responsibilities of the Bretton Woods and regional financial institutions and the need to reassess the allocation of responsibilities and to develop better coordination mechanisms between these institutions. Those designing institutional reform must consider the corporate capabilities of each type of institution. The corporate cultures of global and regional institutions differ. So does the kind of knowledge they generate and disseminate, and so do patterns of interactions with, and mechanisms for representation of, client countries.Finally, the author calls attention to the need to harmonize national and global growth-oriented policies in a way that reduces volatility and promotes social equity.Environmental Economics&Policies,Governance Indicators,Financial Intermediation,Economic Theory&Research,Banks&Banking Reform
Why should I be moral?
No full textDeposited with permission of the author. © 1969 Prof. Peter Singer“The question has, as I have already said, been a central concern of moral philosophers from the time of Plato until the Nineteenth Century. It would be tedious to list the philosophers who have discussed the issue, for the list would exclude hardly any of the major moral philosophers of the past. The names of some of them will occur in the course of this thesis.” … “In the Conclusion, I consider the present state of the question and argue that 'Why should I be moral?', despite its age-old importance, has yet to be answered. I maintain that the question is vital not only to the individual but also to society, and that if changes are made on a social level, it may be possible to answer it. This raises issues of political philosophy. A society in which the question could .be answered would be a step closer to being an ideal society than a society in which this is not the case.
Peter Singer i etyka chrześcijańska. Charlesa Camosy’ego próba znalezienia gruntu dla współpracy
No full textThis paper presents an interesting attempt to show that the differences between Peter Singer and Christian ethics are smaller than they appear to be. This view was presented in Peter Singer and Christian ethics. Beyond polarization by Charles Camosy, a Catholic thinker from the US. Camosy wanted to prove, that Peter Singer and ethicists looking for the inspiration in Christian thought can cooperate on many issues and to present their positions as radically polarized is incorrect. This paper is focused on the critical presentation of Camosy’s argument. The research he conducted to support his thesis is useful for understanding the whole discussion between Peter Singer and Christian ethics. His method could be a new standard of discussion between different ethical approaches. In the last part of this paper, it will be suggested, that the author has marginalized some unavoidable obstacles, which make a dialogue between Christian ethics and the famous Australian bioethicsist very difficult. Among them, understanding the notion of person, as well as the reluctance of Christians to pragmaticly compromise in the field of ethics are worth noticing.W artykule zostanie przedstawiona ciekawa próba wykazania, że różnice stanowisk między Peterem Singerem a szeroko rozumianą etyką chrześcijańską są mniejsze, niż by się mogło wydawać. Pogląd ten przedstawił w swojej książce pt. Peter Singer and Christian ethics. Beyond polarization Charles Camosy, katolicki etyk z USA. Celem jego pracy było wykazanie, że Peter Singer i etycy szukający inspiracji w myśli chrześcijańskiej mogą pracować razem w wielu kwestiach i że przedstawianie tych stanowisk jako radykalnie przeciwnych jest błędne. W niniejszym artykule tok rozumowania Camosy’ego będzie zreferowany i poddany krytycznej refleksji. Rzetelna praca badawcza, jakiej podjął się Camosy dla udowodnienia swoich tez, jest nowatorska i wiele wnosi do zrozumienia istoty sporu. Metoda, którą się posłużył, może wyznaczyć nowy standard dla dialogu między współczesnymi systemami etycznymi. W ostatniej części artykułu zostanie jednak zasugerowane, że autor marginalizuje pewne nieusuwalne trudności w sporze między etyką chrześcijańską a najbardziej znanym australijskim bioetykiem. Do takich trudności należy, jak się wydaje, radykalnie różne rozumienie pojęcia „osoba” oraz niechęć etyki chrześcijańskiej do pragmatycznych kompromisów w obszarze moralności
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