26 research outputs found
Viking, 47(1983)
No full textKnut Helskog: Helleristningene i Alta. En presentasjon og en analyse av menneskefigurene, s. 5
Einar Østmo: Auve: Noen inntrykk fra en mellomneolittisk kystboplass i Vestfold, s. 42
Erling Johansen og
Øystein Johansen: Bronsefunnene fra Vansjø, s. 66
Arne Skjølsvold: Et gravfelt i Rondane med keltertids tradisjoner: En foreløpig meddelelse, s. 107
Roar Hauglid: Om stavkirkers datering. Myntfunnenes betydning, s. 118
Kalle Sognnes: Kulturlandskap, bergkunst og bosetning i Stjørdal i bronsealderen, s. 136
Birthe Weber: "I Hardanger er Qverneberg og Helleberg- og Hellerne, det er tyndhugne Steene, bruger man til at bage det tynde Brød Fladbrød paa.", s. 149
Johan Naterstad: Den geologiske bakgrunn for bakstehelleindustrien ved Kvitebergvatnet i Hardanger, s. 161
Per Haavaldsen: Den bosetningsarkeologiske forskningstradisjon i Norge. En forskningshistorisk skisse, s. 165
Norsk Arkeologisk Selskap: Årsberetning og regnskap, s. 18
'Fremmede naboer' by Maria Helleberg and the Danish discourse on Poland
No full textFormålet med artiklen er at placere Maria Hellebergs bog 'Fremmede naboer' (1992) i en bredere kulturel og litterær sammenhæng samt at diskutere dens position i den danske Polen-diskurs. Forfatteren til artiklen udpeger nogle af de elementer, som blev brugt til at konstruere billedet af Polen i bogen samt konfronterer det med den kanoniske repræsentation af landet fra Georg Brandes´ værk 'Indtryk fra Polen' (1888). Sammenligningen af de to tekster vidner om en vis konservatisme, som synes at præge den danske Polen-diskurs. Konklusionen underbygges med indragelsen af andre relevante danske tekster fra perioden 1888-2002.The aim of the article is to place Maria Helleberg’s book 'Fremmede naboer' (1992) in a broader cultural and literary context and to define its position in the Danish discourse on Poland. The author of the article points out some elements used for creating an image of Poland and confronts the image with the canonical representation of Poland from Georg Brandes’ text 'Indtryk fra Polen' (1888). The result of the comparison mentioned above shows a certain conservatism in the way Poland is presented in Danish literary discourse. The conclusion is supported with references to other texts dealing with Polish matters from the period from 1888 to 2002
Author Correction: Chain splitting of insulin: an underlying mechanism of insulin resistance?
No full textASA classification and surgical severity grading used to identify a high‐risk population, a multicenter prospective cohort study in Swedish tertiary hospitals
No full textBackground Identification of surgical populations at high risk for negative outcomes is needed for clinical and research purposes. We hypothesized that combining two classification systems, ASA (American Society of Anesthesiology physical status) and surgical severity, we could identify a high-risk population before surgery. We aimed to describe postoperative outcomes in a population selected by these two classifications system. Methods Data were collected in a Swedish multicentre, time-interrupted prospective, consecutive cohort study. Eligibility criteria were age &gt;= 18 years, ASA &gt;= 3, elective or emergent, major to Xmajor/complex (Specialist Procedure Codes used in United Kingdom), gastrointestinal, urogenital or orthopaedic procedures. Postoperative morbidity was identified by the Postoperative Morbidity Survey on postoperative days 3 +/- 1, 7 +/- 1, 10 + 5 and graded for severity by the Clavien-Dindo system. Mortality was assessed at 30, 180 and 360 days. Results Postoperative morbidity was 78/48/47 per cent on postoperative days 3/7/10. Majority of morbidities (67.5 per cent) were graded as &gt;1 by Clavien-Dindo. Any type of postoperative morbidity graded &gt;1 was associated with increased risk for death up to one year. The mortality was 5.7 per cent (61/1063) at 30 days, 13.3 per cent (142/1063) at 6 months and 19.1 per cent (160/1063) at 12 months. Conclusion Severity classification as major to Xmajor/complex and ASA &gt;= 3 could be used to identify a high-risk surgical population concerning postoperative morbidity and mortality before surgery. Combining the two systems future electronic data extraction is possible of a high-risk population in tertiary hospitals.Funding Agencies|Stockholm CountyStockholm County Council [SLL20160360, SLL20170140]</p
Performance of prediction models of postoperative mortality in high-risk surgical patients in swedish university hospitals : Predictors, Risk factors and Outcome Following major Surgery study (PROFS study NCT02626546)
No full textValidation and recalibration of the Surgical Outcome Risk Tool in a high risk Swedish cohort
No full textUse of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients:A European survey
No full textBACKGROUND: Infectious complications are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in burn patients. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) is a prophylactic antimicrobial strategy aimed at suppressing potential pathogenic microorganisms in the gut microbiome. This study aimed to assess the values and preferences for the use of SDD in burn centres across Europe and to evaluate clinicians' interest in further research on its efficacy.METHODS: We circulated a survey on the values and preferences for the use of SDD between March and October 2024, targeting surgeons, anaesthesiologists, and intensivists at European burn centres. The survey comprised 13 questions focusing on SDD usage criteria, regimens, and willingness to participate in a multicentre randomised clinical trial. Data were analysed and presented descriptively.RESULTS: We invited 45 burn centres to participate; 22 responded (49 % response rate). Among these, 27 % (6/22) reported routine use of SDD, primarily for patients with extensive burns or those requiring intensive care. Most centres using SDD (5/6) administered a combination of enteral and intravenous antibiotics and/or antifungals, while one centre (1/6) relied on enteral antimicrobials alone. The most common regimen included intravenous cefotaxime combined with enteral polymyxin E, tobramycin, and amphotericin B or nystatin. Notably, 82 % (18/22) of respondents expressed interest in participating in a multicentre randomised clinical trial on SDD in burn patients.CONCLUSION: A minority of European burn centres routinely used SDD, while the majority did not. Among those that used SDD, treatment regimens were largely aligned with practices commonly used in ICU patients. Notably, there was significant interest among European burn centres in participating in future clinical trials comparing SDD versus no SDD in burn patients.</p
Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients:Protocol for a systematic review
No full textBackgroundNosocomial infections contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity in burn patients. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract is an infection prevention measure that has been shown to improve survival in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. It has been hypothesized that burn patients may benefit from selective decontamination of the digestive tract.Methods/DesignWe will conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the patient-important effects of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients, as compared with placebo or no intervention/standard of care. The primary outcome will be 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes include serious adverse events, anti-microbial resistance, pneumonia, blood stream infections, ICU- and hospital-free days and 90-day mortality. We will search the following databases: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Web of Science and CINAHL and follow the recommendations provided by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The certainty of evidence will be assessed according to the GRADE approach: Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation.DiscussionThere is clinical equipoise about the use of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients. In the outlined systematic review and meta-analysis, we will assess the desirable and undesirable effects of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients.Background: Nosocomial infections contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity in burn patients. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract is an infection prevention measure that has been shown to improve survival in mechanically ventilated intensive care unit (ICU) patients. It has been hypothesized that burn patients may benefit from selective decontamination of the digestive tract. Methods/Design: We will conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the patient-important effects of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients, as compared with placebo or no intervention/standard of care. The primary outcome will be 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes include serious adverse events, anti-microbial resistance, pneumonia, blood stream infections, ICU- and hospital-free days and 90-day mortality. We will search the following databases: CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Web of Science and CINAHL and follow the recommendations provided by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The certainty of evidence will be assessed according to the GRADE approach: Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Discussion: There is clinical equipoise about the use of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients. In the outlined systematic review and meta-analysis, we will assess the desirable and undesirable effects of selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients.</p
Selective decontamination of the digestive tract in burn patients:A systematic review with meta-analysis
No full textBackgroundIn mechanically ventilated adult patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) has been shown to reduce the risk of infections and improve survival. While the benefits of SDD have been documented in this population, it remains unclear whether burn patients, who are at increased risk of infection and have distinct clinical characteristics, may experience similar benefits. In this systematic review we aimed to assess the desirable and undesirable patient-important effects of administering SDD to burn patients.Methods/designWe conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of SDD versus placebo or no SDD in burn patients. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included serious adverse events, antimicrobial resistance, pneumonia, blood stream infections, ICU- and hospital-free days, and 90-day mortality. We searched all major databases and followed the recommendations provided by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The certainty of evidence was assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach.ResultsWe identified four RCTs with a total of 457 burn patients. All trials were assessed as having either ‘some concerns’ or ‘high risk’ of bias. The evidence was found to be very uncertain across all outcomes assessed. For mortality, the relative risk (RR) was 0.62 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.22–1.78, I2 = 75 %, random-effects model (REM), very low certainty evidence). For pneumonia, the RR was 0.75 (95 % CI 0.48–1.19, I2 = 0 %, fixed-effect model, very low certainty evidence). For bloodstream infections, the RR was 1.10 (95 % CI 0.71–1.69, I2 = 0 %, REM, very low certainty evidence). For hospital length of stay, the mean difference was −2.03 days (95 % CI −9.64–5.59, I2 = 51 %, REM, very low certainty evidence). We did not perform meta-analyses for the remaining secondary outcomes due to limited or no data. Trial sequential analysis could not be performed due to insufficient number of total participants and events in the included trials.ConclusionWe found that the certainty of evidence is very low about the effects of SDD on patient-important outcomes in burn patients. Extrapolating from the evidence on mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients may be reasonable until more data from RCTs in burn patients emerge.Background: In mechanically ventilated adult patients in the intensive care unit (ICU), selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) has been shown to reduce the risk of infections and improve survival. While the benefits of SDD have been documented in this population, it remains unclear whether burn patients, who are at increased risk of infection and have distinct clinical characteristics, may experience similar benefits. In this systematic review we aimed to assess the desirable and undesirable patient-important effects of administering SDD to burn patients. Methods/design: We conducted a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of SDD versus placebo or no SDD in burn patients. The primary outcome was 30-day mortality. Secondary outcomes included serious adverse events, antimicrobial resistance, pneumonia, blood stream infections, ICU- and hospital-free days, and 90-day mortality. We searched all major databases and followed the recommendations provided by the Cochrane Collaboration and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The certainty of evidence was assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Results: We identified four RCTs with a total of 457 burn patients. All trials were assessed as having either ‘some concerns’ or ‘high risk’ of bias. The evidence was found to be very uncertain across all outcomes assessed. For mortality, the relative risk (RR) was 0.62 (95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.22–1.78, I2 = 75 %, random-effects model (REM), very low certainty evidence). For pneumonia, the RR was 0.75 (95 % CI 0.48–1.19, I2 = 0 %, fixed-effect model, very low certainty evidence). For bloodstream infections, the RR was 1.10 (95 % CI 0.71–1.69, I2 = 0 %, REM, very low certainty evidence). For hospital length of stay, the mean difference was −2.03 days (95 % CI −9.64–5.59, I2 = 51 %, REM, very low certainty evidence). We did not perform meta-analyses for the remaining secondary outcomes due to limited or no data. Trial sequential analysis could not be performed due to insufficient number of total participants and events in the included trials. Conclusion: We found that the certainty of evidence is very low about the effects of SDD on patient-important outcomes in burn patients. Extrapolating from the evidence on mechanically ventilated adult ICU patients may be reasonable until more data from RCTs in burn patients emerge.</p
Postoperative complications in high-risk surgical patients - predictors, risk factors, and outcomes following major surgery study (PROFS study NCT02626546) : validation of three prediction models
No full textBackground: Postoperative complications increase the risk of death 2–3 years postoperatively. Prediction of complications can support clinical decisions. Before clinical use of any prediction model, validation is reasonable. We aimed to validatethree models: Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI), ARISCAT and POSSUM.Methods: The PROF S-study was performed in four Swedish university hospitals. Patients werere cruited between 2015-11-01 and 2016-02-15. Inclusion criteria were adults, ASA classification ≥3, major/complex upper and lower gastrointestinal, urogenital or orthopedic surgery. Complications were screened on days 3, 7 and 10 by the postoperative morbidity survey (POMS). Only patients with grade≥2 (Clavien-Dindo classification) were accounted for. Study outcomes were cardiovascular (RCRI model) and pulmonary (ARISCAT model) complications, and a composite of the POMS domains (POSSUM model). Discrimination was evaluated by C-statistics (area under receiver operator characteristic curve; AUC ROC).Results: The number of patients included was 1089. Thirteen patients were excluded due to wrong inclusion, and another three were lost to follow-up. Presen ce of malignancy was 41%. Patient characteristics and outcomes are displayed in Table 1. The RCRI underestimated the risk for cardiovascular complications, and discrimination was low (AUC ROC 0.64; 95% CI 0.59–0.68). The prediction by the ARISCAT model was fair (AUC 0.72; CI 0.69–0.76). The POSSUM model had poor /fair discrimination (AUC 0.70; CI 0.67–0.73).Conclusions: The ARISCAT model predicted pulmonary complications with fair discrimina-tion and so could be used as decision support. Parameters with significant odds ratios of the RCRI and POSSU M models might be used as complements of clinical judgement.</p
