684 research outputs found
Teaching children about prejudice and discrimination: Recommendations based on Self-Determination Theory
No full textUs, them and we: How national and human identifications influence adolescents’ ethnic prejudice
No full textAlthough there have been numerous studies on the relations between group identification and ethnic prejudice, it is less clear whether their associations reflect stable individual tendencies or rather situational or temporal fluctuations. This longitudinal multilevel study aimed to fill this gap by examining the between- and within-person associations of identification with the national and superordinate human groups and levels of prejudice against multiple ethnic minorities. A total of 883 Italian majority adolescents (Mage = 15.66, SD = 1.15 at T1, 49.7% females) completed questionnaires at four time points over the course of 1 year. Results showed that national identification was related to more prejudice at the between-person level but to decreases in prejudice at the within-person level. Additionally, human identification contributed to lower levels of and steeper decreases in prejudice at both the between- and within-person levels. Common and unique associations also emerged across different ethnic minority targets, but only for between-person effects. Overall, this study highlights the importance of distinguishing stable individual levels and momentary fluctuations of both ingroup identifications and ethnic prejudice in order to orient future interventions aimed at improving the quality of intergroup relationships
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
Competition on the radical right – explanations of radical right voting in the Netherlands in 2021
No full textA war on prejudice: The role of media salience in reducing ethnic prejudice
No full textIntroduction: Ethnic prejudice poses a great challenge to the cohesion of current multicultural societies. Prior research has found that media portrayals of immigration-related issues might skew individual attitudes and feelings toward ethnic minorities. While these studies have focused on negative representations of ethnic minorities, less is known about the effects of media reports of unfortunate events affecting the victims of war, as in the case of the Ukrainian group in the Russia–Ukraine war. Therefore, the current research aims to examine whether media salience of this situation might change adolescents' ethnic prejudice against the Ukrainian minority. Methods: A total of 1016 ethnic-majority Italian adolescents (Mage = 15.66, SDage = 1.17, 49.61% females) completed online questionnaires during school hours before (T1: January/February 2022) and after (T2: April/May 2022) the Russia–Ukraine war onset. Additionally, the media salience of the war was quantified separately for the national newspaper and Twitter. Results: Levels of prejudice significantly decreased from T1 to T2 for multiple ethnic minority groups but especially so for the Ukrainian group. The results of bivariate Latent Change Score models highlighted that increased salience of the war in the national newspaper was significantly associated with decreased prejudice against Ukrainians, regardless of adolescents' levels of self-reported newspaper consumption. Conversely, changes in the salience of the war on Twitter were not associated with changes in prejudice. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of media attention for the war's victims in skewing individuals' outgroup perceptions and feelings
(Dis)entangled identities : a comparative study of adolescents’ ethnicity and ethnic identities in Belgian secondary schools
No full textIdentity is often used in political discourse to develop a frame of who’s in and who’s out in our contemporary, super diverse society. Within this context of super diversity, adolescents are developing a sense of who they are as well as of how they belong and relate to others around them (Verkuyten et al., 2019). This dissertation aimed to address specific gaps identified in the current literature on ethnic identity. First, ethnicity was approached as an umbrella term that could be used as a steppingstone to study the multiple ethnic identities of adolescents with or without a migration background (i.e. their national, regional, religious and heritage identities). A broad, inclusive definition of ethnicity enabled us to grasp the added value of the multiplicity and multidimensionality of individuals’ ethnic identity. Second, by combining insights from different disciplines (i.e. political theory, social psychology, anthropology and sociology of education), this dissertation employed a socio-ecological approach towards identity, diversity and intergroup relations. Third, this dissertation illustrated the importance of also considering intranational contexts (e.g. regions in a federal state) as an alternative to the nation state as a common unit of analysis. This thesis was guided by one overarching research question: How does the Belgian regional and educational context relate to the ethnic identities of adolescents and their academic, psychological and intercultural functioning?
In general terms, we found that adolescents incorporate the distinction between nation and region into their multiple identifications. The distinction between the regional and the national identification seemed particularly relevant for adolescents of Turkish and Moroccan origin (see Empirical Chapter 2). The differences between the Belgian regions became also clear when we focused on students’ hierarchical thinking about identification and intergroup relations. More specifically, the Francophone context appears to be a macro context that is more hierarchically attenuating than hierarchically enhancing when compared to the Flemish context (see Empirical Chapters 4 and 5). Those two macro contexts are however not determinative because schools have the freedom to formulate their own policy. In short, we observed that schools with a culturally sensitive environment via policy and teaching have also student populations with positive ingroup identities as well as positive outgroup
attitudes (see Empirical Chapters 4 and 5). Furthermore, we focused on the role of peer victimisation and identity in relation to students’ perception of peer norms (see Empirical Chapter 3) and depressive feelings (see Empirical Chapter 2). These studies illustrate that adolescents’ ethnic group or integrated identity can serve as a promotive factor
Dealing with diversity : Adolescents' support for civil liberties and immigrant rights
No full textThe main aim of this project was to increase our understanding of adolescents’ support for civil liberties and minority rights. Within democratic societies, this topic is of great importance. To ensure that all citizens can participate and to sustain democratic involvement, modern, liberal democracies guarantee all their citizens’ specific rights, such as freedom of speech and association. As a consequence, individuals have to be able to deal with diversity of beliefs, opinions and lifestyles, and to some extent with conflict, disagreement, and difference (Helwig & Yuang, forthcoming). In the Netherlands, but also in other European countries, social and political debates center on Muslim immigrant groups. Muslims in Europe are often perceived as a group whose religious practices are incompatible with Western liberal values. In addition, research findings indicate that among adolescents high levels of prejudice and explicit negative opinions toward Muslims exist (e.g., Velasco Gonzalez, et al., 2008). Tolerance is a minimal necessity for harmonious intergroup relations and the functioning of a civil society. The findings of this dissertation indicate that acceptance of minority group practices and the endorsement of civil liberties depends on what adolescents are actually asked to accept. In addition, the findings of this study underline the need to take the intergroup situation into account. Adolescents’ attachment to their national group affects not only the extent to which they accept cultural diversity – both in general and in specific situations – but also the way in which they evaluate situations. Furthermore, general beliefs about the degree to which diversity in society should be accommodated play an important role in the acceptance of minority group practices
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