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1주기 전이금속–니트로실 화합물의 합성 및 응용 연구
No full textMetal–nitrosyl complex; Selective NO delivery; Photolysis; Pro-drug; VasodilationNitric oxide is an essential signal molecule in numerous biological processes. While most studies have aimed to develop NO donors for selective NO release by various stimuli to date, these NO donors have been limited as therapeutic agents due to stability and biotoxicity issues in biological environments. Therefore, the research on a rationally designed NO delivery system has been considered one of the important issues in the biomedical application of NO. This dissertation presents the synthesis and characterization of cobalt and iron–nitrosyl complexes by various physicochemical techniques, including X-ray diffraction analysis. The photorelease of two nitrosyls by xenon light source was confirmed by spectroscopic methods. Computational analyses were carried out to support an understanding of the electronic structure and NO photolysis. In chapter 1, the exogenous and endogenous NO pathways were distinguished at the single-cell level through the time-dependent dynamics of NO, and thus, how cells use both exogenous and endogenous NO to disentangle cellular responses was revealed. In chapter 2, occluded retinal blood vessels were effectively reperfused after the immediate delivery of nitric oxide using light in animal disease models. These researches provide insight into the further development of biocompatible metal nitrosyl complexes and controllable treatment options for clinical application. |일산화질소는 생체 내에서 다양한 역할을 하는 중요한 신호 분자이다. 그러나 높은 불안정성과 확산성 때문에 일산화질소를 직접 공급하는 것은 쉽지 않다. 안정한 일산화질소 전달체로서 금속–니트로실 복합체에 관한 연구가 진행돼왔지만, 자발적인 일산화질소 해리와 금속이나 배위자의 독성 문제들로 인하여 실제 치료제로 사용되기에는 제약이 있다. 본 학위 논문에서는 생체적합성이 높은 일주기 전이 금속과 거대고리 배위자를 이용하여 열역학적으로 안정하면서도 빛에 의한 선택적인 일산화질소 해리를 유도할 수 있는 금속–니트로실 복합체 합성과 이를 이용한 생물학적 환경에서의 일산화질소 전달을 보고하고자 한다. 제1장에서는 화학적으로 안정한 코발트를 중심 금속을 가지는 코발트–니트로실 복합체를 합성하고 이를 단일세포 수준에서 선택적인 일산화질소 해리를 유도하여 세포 내 신호 전달 경로의 변화를 확인하였다. 실험 결과로, 일산화질소가 공급되는 세포 내·외 여러 경로마다 전달 속도가 다르다는 것을 밝혔다. 제2장에서는 코발트보다 더 생체적합성이 높은 철을 중심을 가진 철–니트로실 종을 합성하였다. 이를 이용하여 동물 모델인 실험 쥐의 망막혈관을 선택적으로 확장할 수 있음을 확인하였고, 망막 폐쇄 혈관질환이 유발된 쥐의 안구에서 철–니트로실 복합체를 통한 혈관의 재관류를 확인함으로써 실제 동물 모델에서의 혈관 치료제의 효과를 입증하였다. 이러한 코발트 및 철–니트로실 화합물의 선택적인 일산화질소 해리 반응에 관한 연구는 일산화질소를 필요한 시간 및 부위에 효과적으로 공급하는 프로드러그 개발의 가능성을 보여주며, 이를 통해 혈관 확장과 관련된 심혈관 치료제 및 뇌·신경 가소성 증진 물질 개발의 밑바탕이 될 것으로 기대된다.Contents
Abstract....................................................................................................................i
General Introduction.............................................................................................1
Chapter 1. Artificial Control of Cell Signaling Using a Photocleavable Cobalt(III)–Nitrosyl Complex...............................................................................................................8
1.1. Abstract...............................................................................................8
1.2. Introduction........................................................................................10
1.3. Results and Discussion.......................................................................11
1.4. Conclusion...............................................................................................41
1.5. Experimental Section..........................................................................42
1.6. References.....................................................................................56
Chapter 2. A Photodynamic Treatment of Acute Vascular Occlusion by Using an Iron–Nitrosyl Complex.............................................................................................................63
2.1. Abstract....................................................................................................63
2.2. Introduction..............................................................................................64
2.3. Results and Discussion.............................................................................67
2.4. Conclusion................................................................................................97
2.5. Experimental Section................................................................................98
2.6. References..............................................................................................123
Concluding Remarks........................................................................................131DoctordCollectio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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