100,001 research outputs found
Wan Sida ji
No full textBen shu shi Qing dai jing xue jia Wan Sida de zhu zuo ji, shou ru qi "Xue li zhi yi" "li ji ou jian" "Yi li shang" "Zhou guan bian fei" "Xue chun qiu sui bi" wu zhong jing xue zhu zuo. ling wai, Hao Liangwan shi zong pu" zhong di duo pian xu ba ji zhuan ji jun chu zi wan si da zhi shou, jin jiang qi ji wei yi juan. You shou luo qi san yi wen zhang zuo wei bu yi. Zhe shi Wan Sida zui wei wan bei de ji z
Seo, Ji-Youn
No full text학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :분자과학기술학과,2011. 2본 연구에서는 무기결정에 비해 높고 빠른 광학적 비선형성을 얻기위해 새로운 유기 결정을 개발하였다: 1) 싸이올(–S–) 기반의 새로운 전자 주게를 도입한 cofigurationally locked polyene (CLP) (X : –H, –CH₃, –Ph,– PhSCH₃,–PhOSH₃) 발색단 2) 싸이올 기반의 hydrazone 발색단 (X : –CH₃, –Ph). 3)새로운 전자 받게인 cyanoacetate 를 도입한 발색단을 설계,합성하고 결장을 성장시켰다.
본 연구를 통해 싸이올 기반의 전자 주게를 갖는 새로운 발색단은기존의 보편적인 전자 주게를 갖는 CLP 발색단에 비해 높은 hyperpolarizability (β_(max)) 이론적 계산 값을 갖지만 실험적으로 얻어진 발색단은 이론값보다 낮은 hyperpolarizability (β_(max)) 값을 보인다. 원인을 알기 위해 같은 결정구조를 갖는 두 형태이성질체 결정 구조 및 이론적 비선형 계산 값을 통해 이는 싸이올 결합의 용이한 회전에 의해 발생된 현상으로 전자 주게가 갖는 torsion 각에 따라 그 값이 달라지게 되는 사실을 발견하였다.
또한 싸이올 기반의 hydrazone 발색단인 SB-NPH(4-(4-phenylthio)benzealdehyde-4-nitrophenylhydrazone 을 합성하였다.
람다(lamda) 형태의 결정구조를 이루는 기존의 hydrazone 발색단의 성질은 유지하면서 싸이올 그룹의 성질인 헤링본 형태를 보이는)의 비대칭형 중심구조를 갖는 결정구조를 얻었다. 이는 또한 ㎔ 응용의 가능성을 확인하였다.
새로운 전자 주게 연구뿐만 아니라 CLP 에 새로운 전자 받게를 도입하여 비대칭형 중심구조를 갖는 결정을 얻었다. Cyanoacetate 기반의 C2-COOMe (methyl 2-cyano-2-(3-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)acetate)라 불리는 발색단은 비대칭분자구조를 갖기 때문에 E 형과 Z 형이 존재한다.
결정구조내에 E 형은 대칭분자배열을 갖는 결정을 이루며 Z 형은 대칭형과 비대칭형 분자배열의 두가지의 결정형태를 이룬다.I. Introduction 1
II. Brief Review 4
II .1 Nonlinear optical Effects and Materials 4
II.1.1 Nonlinear Optical Effects 4
II.1.2 Organic Nonlinear Optical Materials 5
II.1.3 Molecular Nonlinearities 7
II.2 Organic Nonlinear Single Crystals 8
II.2.1 Noncentrosymmetric Crystalline Packing: Approaches 8
II.2.2 Examples of Molecular Crystals 9
II.2.3 Crystal Growth of Organic Materials 11
II.2.4 Challenges of Organic Nonlinear Optical Crystals 12
III. Experiments 14
III.1 Chemical Structure 14
III.2 Synthesis 15
III.2.1 Materials 16
III.2.2 General Characterization 16
III.2.3 Synthesis of Thiolated Donor Molecules 16
III.2.4 Synthesis of the Chromophores 18
III.3 Macroscopic and Microscopic Nonlinearities 30
III.4 Crystal Structure Data for the MT, SB1, SB2 and C2-COOMe Crystal 30
IV. Results and Discussion 34
IV.1 New Configurationally Locked Polyene Chromophores with Tiolated Donor 34
IV.1.1 Design of New Configurationally Locked Polyene Chromophores 34
IV.1.2 Characterization and Nonlinear Optical Properties 34
IV.1.3 Single Crystal Structure of Isomorphic SM, SB1, and SB2 42
IV.2 New Thiolated-based hydrzone Chromophores 54
IV.2.1 Design of the Thiolated-based hydrzone Chromophores 54
IV.2.2 Single Crystal Structure of Thiolated-based hydrzone Chromophores 56
IV.2.3 Characterization and Nonlinear Optical Properties 58
IV.3 Assymetric isomerism with New Acceptor 63
IV.3.1 Design of C2-COOMe 63
IV.3.2 Characterization and Powder test 63
VI. Conclusions 65
VII. References 66MasterOrganic nonlinear optical crystals have been attracted much interest due to their numerous design possibilities and larger and faster optical nonlinearities when compared to inorganic crystals. To investigate new nonlinear optic chromophores, we designed and synthesized (1) new cofigurationally locked polyene (CLP) choromophores, by changing the donor groups, (2) thiolte-based hydrazone chromophores, (3) cyanoacetate-based chromophore with new electron acceptor.
Here, we mainly have investigated the new nonlinear molecules contaning sulfur, a series of thiolated-donor based configurationally locked polyene chromophores and thiolated-based hydrazone chromophores for second-order nonlinear optical applications. We synthesized a series of nonlinear optical chromophores based on thiolated electron donors(X : -H, -CH₃, -Ph,-PhSCH₃,-PhOSH₃). The first hyperpolarizability (β(_(max)) of thioladted polyene chromophores was investigated experimentally and theorically by quantum chemical calculations with, TD-DFTand finite-field (FF) method from the optimized (OPT)molecular structures with B3LYP/6-311+G(d). The thiolated polyene chromophores exhibit large molecular nonliearities than CLP chromophores with conventional donors such as OH1 (2-(3-(4-hydroxystyryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)malononitrile) and DA (2-(3-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)malononitrile). But they have low molecular nonliearities at solution state. We approach the crystal analysis as solid state to know how it works lowing molecular nonliearities.
We have investigated the hydrazone crystal, SM-NPH (4-(methylthio)benzealdehyde-(4-nitrophenylhydrazone) and SB-NPH (4-(4-phenylthio)benzealdehyde-4-nitrophenylhydrazone). Interestingly, the main supramolecular interaction is still maintaining lambda-shaped packing of nitrophenylhydrazone reported previously groups and is modified by herringbone-shaped packing of phenylthiobenzene groups. We also investigated the microscopic and macroscopic nonlinearities theoretically.
As well as donor derivatives, we have developed the new DA derivative containong acetate acceptor, C2-COOMe (methyl 2-cyano-2-(3-(4-(dimethylamino)styryl)-5,5-dimethylcyclohex-2-enylidene)acetate). They are asymmetric molecular form unlike DA and were synthesized E and Z form. C2-COOMe has two isomers, E-form and Z-form and Z-form are consisted of two phase structure. E-form and Z-form(1) are consist of centrosymmetric structure with P 21/n and Z-form(2) dose acentric structure. Now we try to analysis the acentric crystals from Z-form(2)
Hydrocassis mongolica Liu, Ji, & Jing 2008
No full textmongolica Liu, Ji, & Jing, 2008 Hydrocassis mongolica Liu, Ji & Jing, 2008: 175. – China, Inner Mongolia, Daqinggou Nature Reserve. Distribution. China (Inner Mongolia).Published as part of Short, Andrew E. Z. & Fikáček, Martin, 2011, World catalogue of the Hydrophiloidea (Coleoptera): additions and corrections II (2006 - 2010), pp. 83-122 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae (suppl.) (suppl.) 51 (1) on page 106, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.446817
The Benefits of Being Economics Professor A (and not Z)
No full textAlphabetic name ordering on multi-authored academic papers, which is the convention in the economics discipline and various other disciplines, is to the advantage of people whose last name initials are placed early in the alphabet. As it turns out, Professor A, who has been a first author more often than Professor Z, will have published more articles and experienced afaster growth rate over the course of her career as a result of reputation and visibility. Moreover, authors know that name ordering matters and indeed take ordering seriously: Several characteristics of an author group composition determine the decision to deviate from the default alphabetic name order to a significant extent.performance measurement, incentives, economists, name ordering
Design of an RFID-embedded e-ID System for Privacy Protection
No full textThis work presented in this paper was supported in
part by IT R&D Program of Ministry of Information
and Communication (MIC) / Institute for Information
Technology Advancement (IITA) (2005-S-106-02, \De-
velopment of Sensor Tag and Sensor Node Technologies
for RFID/USN")
A 2.4-GHz 1.3-mW OQPSK RF Front-End TX Based on an Injection-Locked Power Amplifier
No full textAn injection locking power amplifier is presented. The proposed solution, tailored to quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) modulation for IoT has been realized by exploiting the property of an injection-locked frequency divider to work as a phase rotator. Hence, the divider's output is directly coupled to the antenna by a transformer to deliver the desired output power. The combination of these two ideas resulted in a high-efficiency, high-bandwidth QPSK RF front-end for IoT, capable of operating at up to 120 Mbit/s and delivering 1.3-mW output power while burning 3.4 mW
Final word on Jersey Dutch
No full textIn this article, William Z. Shetter compares and contrasts the dialects that developed between different Dutch colonies in the New World. He explores in-depth the nuances of Jersey Dutch, and provides theories to explain how Dutch and colonial languages blended. The article is reprinted from American Speech, December 1958, Volum XXXIII, No. 4
Hamilton paths in Z-transformation graphs of perfect matchings of hexagonal systems
No full textAbstractLet H be a hexagonal system. The Z-transformation graph Z(H) is the graph where the vertices are the perfect matchings of H and where two perfect matchings are joined by an edge provided their symmetric difference is a hexagon of H (Z. Fu-ji et al., 1988). In this paper we prove that Z(H) has a Hamilton path if H is a catacondensed hexagonal system
La conversazione in poesia nella narrativa chuanqi delle dinastie Yuan e Ming: analisi preliminare della novella Jiao Hong ji e di due racconti di epoca Ming
No full textIl saggio presenta un'analisi preliminare delle dinamiche della conversazione in poesia nella costruzione della coppia amorosa nella novellistica chuanqi dei periodi Yuan e Ming. Lo studio esamina la funzione narrativa degli scambi poetici nella novella Jiao Hong ji (La storia di Jiaoniang e Feihong), e ne considera l'influenza sulle novelle di epoca Ming "Jia Yunhua huanhun ji" e "Zhongqing liji
Zoothamnium wangi Ji et al. 2005
No full textZoothamnium wangi Ji et al., 2005 (Fig. 3; Table 1) Emended diagnosis. Marine Zoothamnium with colony up to 1 mm high: alternately branched with few (2–4), very long secondary branches. Zooids campanulate to subconical, measuring. 65–90 × 45–55 µm in vivo. Peristomial lip thick, without medial, circumferential infolding when expanded. Macronucleus C-shaped, transversely oriented, located in oral half of cell. Pellicular striations closely spaced; 70–85 silverlines lying between peristomial lip and trochal band and 38–50 between trochal band and scopula. P 3 consists of two ciliary rows, with row 2 offset slightly toward cytostome relative to row 1. Redescription. Colony moderately large, up to 1 mm high and containing ca. 100 zooids, with broad, fanshaped outline (Figs. 3 E, 4 A). Secondary stalks branching alternately from primary stalk, with most basal 2–3 secondary stalks growing to the same length as primary stalk (Figs. 3 E, 4 A). Cortex of stalk colorless and transparent, with smooth surface and fine longitudinal striations in interior. Diameter of stalk ranging 20 µm in primary stalk to 10 µm in distal branches; spasmoneme measuring 4–10 µm in diameter, containing densely arranged mitochondria (Fig. 3 J). Zooids campanulate to subconical, 65–90 µm (n= 4) long, widest at peristomial lip, which measures 45–55 µm (n= 4) in diameter when fully expanded (Figs. 3 A, G). Peristomial lip thick, without secondary circumferential infolding; epistomial disc moderately elevated above peristomial lip (Figs. 3 A, G). Pellicular striations closely spaced and not prominent, visible only above × 400 magnification (Fig. 3 H); surface of body appearing uniformly smooth at low magnifications. Cytoplasm transparent and slightly grayish, occasionally containing a few gray or yellowish food vacuoles of uneven size (2–10 µm) in center of body (Figs. 3 A, 4 B, C). Single contractile vacuole in adoral position beneath epistomial disc and near dorsal wall of infundibulum. Macronucleus C-shaped, transversely oriented, surrounding micronucleus and lower half of infundibulum (Figs. 3 A, I, L). Micronucleus spherical, located adoral to center of macronucleus (Figs. 3 A, I, arrow). Oral infraciliature as shown in Figures 3 D, E, L, M. Haplo- and polykinety making one and one-quarter circuits around peristome and one additional circuit within infundibulum. Epistomial membrane short, located at entrance into infundibulum (Fig. 3 E, arrow). Germinal kinety running parallel to haplokinety in adoral half of infundibulum (Fig. 3 L, arrow). Infundibular polykineties 1 and 2 consisting of three rows of kinetosomes each; P 3 consisting of two rows. All rows of Pl terminating adstomally at level of cytostome; rows of P 2 terminating adstomally at adstomal curvature of P 1. Rows of P 2 terminating abstomally without merging with P 1; abstomal 1 / 4 of row 3 of P 2 diverging from other rows of P 2 (Figs. 3 D, E). Row 2 of P 3 displaced adstomally for short distance relative to row 1 (Fig. 3 D). Trochal band consisting of band of dikinetids encircling cell at point 3 / 4 of distance from peristome to scopula (Fig. 3 L, arrowhead). Silverline system consisting of closely spaced, parallel, transverse silverlines, which are spaced relatively wider apart near peristome (Figs. 3 B, K); 70–85 silverlines present between peristome and trochal band, 38–50 between trochal band and scopula. Pellicular pores staining faintly, numerous, randomly arranged along silverlines. Remarks. Zoothamnium wangi is occasionally found in eutrophic marine waters and can be identified easily by the distinctive branching pattern of the colony, shape and size of zooids, number of silverlines, and the pattern of kinetosome rows in P 3. Zoothamnium plumula, Z. commune, Z. alternans, and Z. xuianum resemble Z. wangi in having an alternately branched stalk and a relatively thin peristomial lip without a medial circumferential infolding. In the present study, it was observed that young colonies of Z. plumula very much resemble mature colonies of Z. wangi in outline as well as shape and size of zooids and, therefore, cannot be distinguished from the latter by characters visible in the living organisms. However, the two species can be distinguished easily in preparations stained with silver nitrate or protargol by the total number of silverlines (108–135 in Z. wangi vs. 72–87 in Z. plumula) and the number of ciliary rows in P 3 (2 in Z. wangi vs. 3 in Z. plumula). Zoothamnium commune resembles Z. wangi in most living characters. However, Z. wangi has more silverlines from the peristomial lip to the trochal band (70–85 vs. 59–70) and a different number of kinetosome rows in P 3 (2 in Z. wangi vs. 3 in Z. commune) (Ji et al. 2006 b). Zoothamnium alternans has large macrozooids that form acetabuliform telotrochs on the primary stalk, which are lacking in Z. wangi, plus its microzooids are considerably smaller than zooids of Z. wangi (40–56 × 26–32 µm vs. 65–90 × 45–55 µm) (Ji et al. 2006 b). Zoothamnium xuianum has also much smaller zooid size than that of Z. wangi (30–50 × 20–40 µm vs. 65–90 × 45–55 µm), thus it can be well distinguished from the latter (Sun et al. 2005) Living colonies of two other congeners, Z. thiophilum Stiller, 1946 and Z. hentscheli Kahl, 1935, also resemble Z. wangi, and their infraciliatures and silverline systems remain unknown, preventing a comparison with those of Z. wangi. However, both of these species are freshwater forms (Kahl 1935; Stiller 1946) and Z. wangi seems to be found exclusively in marine habitats.Published as part of Ji, Daode, Shin, Mann Kyoon, Choi, Joong Ki, Clamp, John C., Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S. & Song, Weibo, 2011, Redescriptions of five species of marine peritrichs, Zoothamnium plumula, Zoothamnium nii, Zoothamnium wang, Pseudovorticella bidulphiae, and Pseudovorticella marina (Protista, Ciliophora), pp. 47-59 in Zootaxa 2930 on pages 53-57, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.27802
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