10 research outputs found
Splenohepatic sarcoidosis 12 years after breast cancer curative surgery: a diagnostic dilemma in imaging
No full textA Concept of Thermographic Method for Non-Destructive Testing of Polymeric Composite Structures Using Self-Heating Effect
No full textTraditional techniques of active thermography require an external source of energy used for excitation, usually in the form of high power lamps or ultrasonic devices. In this paper, the author presents an alternative approach based on the self-heating effect observable in polymer-based structures during cyclic loading. The presented approach is based on, firstly, determination of bending resonance frequencies of a tested structure, and then, on excitation of a structure with a multi-harmonic signal constructed from the harmonics with frequencies of determined resonances. Following this, heating-up of a tested structure occurs in the location of stress concentration and mechanical energy dissipation due to the viscoelastic response of a structure. By applying multi-harmonic signal, one ensures coverage of the structure by such heated regions. The concept is verified experimentally on artificially damaged composite specimens. The results demonstrate the presented approach and indicate its potential, especially when traditional methods of excitation with an external structure for thermographic inspection cannot be applied
Zastosowanie dystrybucji czasowo-częstotliwościowych w diagnostycznym przetwarzaniu sygnałów: studium przypadku
No full textIn this paper, the author analyzed an applicability of selected types of time-frequency distributions that belong to Cohen’s class and their reassignments for signals similar to those obtained during machinery diagnostics. At the first step of performed studies a synthetic multicomponent signal that contains both stationary and non-stationary components was analyzed using algorithms based on various time-frequency distributions. This allows for evaluating effectiveness of identification of particular components by applied time-frequency distributions and selecting a group of the most effective algorithms. At the second step, the selected time-frequency distributions were applied for analysis of signals acquired during diagnosis of rolling bearings in order to verify the effectiveness of identification of components responsible for a priori known faults occurred in bearings.W niniejszym artykule autor analizuje stosowalność wybranych typów dystrybucji czasowoczęstotliwościowych, które należą do klasy Cohena i ich wersji redefiniowanych dla sygnałów zbliżonych do takich, które są otrzymywane podczas diagnostyki maszyn. W pierwszym kroku przeprowadzonych badań syntetyczny wieloskładowy sygnał, zawierający zarówno stacjonarne jak i niestacjonarne składowe, był analizowany z wykorzystaniem algorytmów opartych na różnych dystrybucjach czasowoczęstotliwościowych. Pozwoliło to na ocenę efektywności identyfikacji poszczególnych składowych przez zastosowane dystrybucje czasowo-częstotliwościowe oraz wybór grupy najefektywniejszych algorytmów. W drugim kroku wybrane dystrybucje czasowo-częstotliwościowe zostały zastosowane do analizy sygnałów pozyskanych podczas diagnostyki łożysk tocznych w celu weryfikacji efektywności identyfikacji składowych odpowiedzialnych za wystąpienie uszkodzeń w łożyskach, znanych a priori
Synthesis and testing of a conducting polymeric composite material for lightning strike protection applications
No full textIs surgical exploration mandatory in pneumatosis intestinalis with portomesenteric gas? Lesson learned in a neutropenic patient under chemotherapy
No full textРезультаты радикальной простатэктомии при лечении местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы: клинические наблюдения
No full textBackground. Radical prostatectomy in treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer is currently recommended as one of the stages of multimodal therapy. Despite this, the expediency of surgical intervention remains a subject of discussion: based on the results of their own research, supporters of surgical tactics for treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer point to the effectiveness and relative safety of radical prostatectomy, opponents point to the high probability of a positive surgical edge associated with the operation, local tumor recurrence, lymphogenic metastasis, and formation of distant metastases.Aim. To evaluate the outcomes of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy performed in combination with expanded pelvic lymphadenectomy in treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma T3a–3bN0M0.Materials and methods. The perioperative, functional, and oncological results of surgical treatment of patients with locally advanced prostate cancer (n = 32) aged between 46 years to 71 years were analyzed. The follow-up period averaged 9–36 months (median 13 months).Results. Mean total duration of surgical intervention and mean volume of intraoperative blood loss were 182.69 ± 3.99 minutes and 253.06 ± 9.80 ml, respectively. Overestimation of the clinical stage of the disease, according to histological examination of the surgical material, was observed in 6.3 % of patients. After the intervention, the function of urinary retention was preserved and did not require correction in 65.6 % of men. In all patients 6 months after the operation, the urinary volume, maximum and mean urine flow rates were normalized, and there was a trend toward a decrease in the post-void residual volume. During the entire follow-up period, there were no signs of biochemical relapse in 78.1 % of patients. None of the participants dropped out of the study due to death.Conclusion. Over the last 20 years in specialized medical periodicals, author teams from various countries have shown the immediate and remote (follow-up period from 3 to 20 years) outcomes of radical surgical treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer in at least 80,000 patients in total, while the criterion for exclusion from research was adjuvant therapy. The authors’ conclusions indicate the effectiveness and relative safety of surgical treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer, as well as the importance of extended pelvic lymphadenectomy, which allows to optimize the tactics of adjuvant therapy if necessary. The results of our own observations are completely comparable with the literature data. Currently, scientific research is continuing with the aim of improving the outcomes of surgical treatment of locally advanced prostate cancer, in particular clarifying the role of individual prognostic factors, improving prediction techniques and choosing a rational scheme of treatment measures. Введение. Радикальная простатэктомия при лечении местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы в настоящее время рекомендована в качестве одного из этапов мультимодальной терапии. Целесообразность оперативного вмешательства остается предметом дискуссии. На основании результатов собственных исследований сторонники хирургической тактики лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы указывают на эффективность и относительную безопасность радикальной простатэктомии, противники – на ассоциированную с операцией высокую вероятность положительного хирургического края, локального рецидивирования о пухоли, лимфогенного метастазирования и формирования отдаленных метастазов.Цель исследования – оценка результатов лапароскопической радикальной простатэктомии, проводившейся в комплексе с расширенной тазовой лимфаденэктомией, при лечении аденокарциномы предстательной железы Т3а–3bN0M0.Материалы и методы. Рассмотрены периоперационные, функциональные и онкологические результаты хирургического лечения больных местно-распространенным раком предстательной железы (n = 32) в возрасте от 46 до 71 года. Период наблюдения составил 9–36 мес (медиана 13 мес).Результаты. Общая продолжительность хирургического вмешательства и объем интраоперационной кровопотери составили в среднем 182,69 ± 3,99 мин и 253,06 ± 9,80 мл соответственно. Завышение клинической стадии заболевания по данным гистологического исследования операционного материала наблюдалось у 6,3 % больных. После вмешательства функция удержания мочи была сохранена и не требовала коррекции у 65,6 % мужчин. У всех пациентов через 6 мес после операции были нормализованы объем мочеиспускания, его максимальная и средняя скорости, появилась тенденция к уменьшению объема остаточной мочи. За все время наблюдения признаки формирования биохимического рецидива отсутствовали у 78,1 % пациентов. Ни один из участников не выбыл из исследования по причине смерти.Заключение. За последние 20 лет в специальной медицинской периодике авторскими коллективами из разных стран показаны ближайшие и отдаленные (период наблюдения от 3 до 20 лет) результаты радикального хирургического лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы не менее чем у 80 тыс. пациентов в совокупности, при этом критерием исключения из исследований являлось проведение адъювантной терапии. Выводы авторов свидетельствуют об эффективности и относительной безопасности оперативного лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы, а также о значимости расширенной тазовой лимфаденэктомии, позволяющей оптимизировать тактику адъювантной терапии при ее необходимости. Результаты наших наблюдений полностью сопоставимы с данными литературы. В настоящее время продолжаются научные изыскания, направленные на улучшение результатов хирургического лечения местно-распространенного рака предстательной железы, в частности на уточнение роли отдельных прогностических факторов, совершенствование методов прогнозирования и выбора рациональной схемы лечебных мероприятий
Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago
No full textBackground: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann's procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA. Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up. Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 +/- 15.6 years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo >= 3b) were higher in the HP group (P < 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (<= 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections. Conclusions: After 100 years since the first Hartmann's procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment's choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception
Evaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries
No full textEvaluation of a quality improvement intervention to reduce anastomotic leak following right colectomy (EAGLE): pragmatic, batched stepped-wedge, cluster-randomized trial in 64 countries
No full textBackground: Anastomotic leak affects 8 per cent of patients after right colectomy with a 10-fold increased risk of postoperative death. The EAGLE study aimed to develop and test whether an international, standardized quality improvement intervention could reduce anastomotic leaks. Methods: The internationally intended protocol, iteratively co-developed by a multistage Delphi process, comprised an online educational module introducing risk stratification, an intraoperative checklist, and harmonized surgical techniques. Clusters (hospital teams) were randomized to one of three arms with varied sequences of intervention/data collection by a derived stepped-wedge batch design (at least 18 hospital teams per batch). Patients were blinded to the study allocation. Low- and middle-income country enrolment was encouraged. The primary outcome (assessed by intention to treat) was anastomotic leak rate, and subgroup analyses by module completion (at least 80 per cent of surgeons, high engagement; less than 50 per cent, low engagement) were preplanned. Results: A total 355 hospital teams registered, with 332 from 64 countries (39.2 per cent low and middle income) included in the final analysis. The online modules were completed by half of the surgeons (2143 of 4411). The primary analysis included 3039 of the 3268 patients recruited (206 patients had no anastomosis and 23 were lost to follow-up), with anastomotic leaks arising before and after the intervention in 10.1 and 9.6 per cent respectively (adjusted OR 0.87, 95 per cent c.i. 0.59 to 1.30; P = 0.498). The proportion of surgeons completing the educational modules was an influence: the leak rate decreased from 12.2 per cent (61 of 500) before intervention to 5.1 per cent (24 of 473) after intervention in high-engagement centres (adjusted OR 0.36, 0.20 to 0.64; P < 0.001), but this was not observed in low-engagement hospitals (8.3 per cent (59 of 714) and 13.8 per cent (61 of 443) respectively; adjusted OR 2.09, 1.31 to 3.31). Conclusion: Completion of globally available digital training by engaged teams can alter anastomotic leak rates. Registration number: NCT04270721 (http://www.clinicaltrials.gov)
