120 research outputs found
Gerillareklam - Från scratch till renodlad gerillakampanj. En kvalitativ studie om gerillareklamens kommunikationsprocess
No full textTITEL: Gerillareklam – Från scratch till renodlad gerillakampanj
FÖRFATTARINNA: Jessica Gustavsson
KURS: Examensarbete i Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap,
Institutionen för journalistik och masskommunikation vid Göteborgs universitet.
TERMIN: Vårterminen 2009
HANDLEDARE: Jan Strid
SIDANTAL: 56 sidor exklusive bilagor
SYFTE: Syftet är att undersöka hur Miami arbetar med kommunikation och kommunikationskanal samt målgrupp vid framtagandet av en gerillakampanj.
METOD & MATERIAL:
RESULTAT: Vid framtagandet av en gerillakampanj gör Miami först en målgruppsanalys. Utifrån den information som
målgruppsanalysen bistår med anpassar Miami
kommunikation samt kommunikationskanal efter
målgruppen. Målet med detta arbetssätt är att leverera nya, kreativa och målgruppsanpassade kommunikationslösningar för sina gerillakampanjer. Studiens resultat visar
även att gerillareklamens kommunikationsformer är mer okonventionella i jämförelse med traditionella reklamformer
The role of intraepithelial lymphocytes and type 2 immunity for tissue homeostasis and carcinogenesis in the skin
No full textThe skin is under constant renewal whilst frequently being exposed to challenges such as physiochemical disruption and ultraviolet-radiation. How homeostatic control is maintained in the tissue alongside protective mechanisms is poorly understood. Among the basal epithelial cells (EC) is a population of resident intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), which provide host-protective immune surveillance (IS). The mouse epidermis is home to a particular IEL termed the dendritic epidermal T cell (DETC). The induction and functions of IS and type 2 immunity at body barrier surfaces remains enigmatic. The aim of this thesis is to investigate the mechanism(s) by which DETC provide IS and maintain epidermal homeostasis.
I show that DETC communicate with EC via cytokine IL13. Skin EC are activated by DETC-derived IL13, which enables a canonical EC stress response to various topical challenges. In the absence of IL13, or canonical DETC, the skin is significantly impaired with decreased ability to restore its barrier after insult and increased susceptibility to cutaneous carcinogenesis. Mechanistically, IL13 affected the rate of EC movement through the epidermis, which may explain its importance for epidermal integrity and its suppressive effect on skin carcinogenesis. These findings demonstrate that IL13 acts as a molecular bridge between DETC and EC, and that this interaction provides an integrated local tissue response to perturbation of homeostasis. Finally, I also observed that mice lacking canonical DETC had a reduced ability to repair EC DNA damage following acute carcinogen insult; revealing a hitherto unappreciated aspect of IS.
These data support a critical host-defensive role particularly of type 2 immunity in regulating EC tissue homeostasis in multiple settings. Given the considerable and increasing burden of allergic and malignant disease, these data are highly germane to human medicine, and also contribute healthily to the exciting, nascent field studying allergy-cancer interactions; allergooncology.Open Acces
The role of eosinophils in skin inflammation and carcinogenesis
No full textCutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is one of the most common human cancers. cSCC is often associated with immune dysfunction and skin inflammation plays a prominent role in carcinogenesis. Eosinophils are effector immune cells which have been observed in several human cancers and are associated with tissue inflammation. Here, I explore the role of eosinophils in skin inflammation and cSCC development using murine models. I found that eosinophils were present in both healthy and inflamed skin and accumulated inside cSCC. I demonstrated that skin eosinophilia was dependent on CCR3 and that epidermal hyperplasia, which is a hallmark of skin inflammation, was significantly reduced in mice lacking eosinophils (ΔdblGATA) compared to wildtype (WT) mice. Using an inflammation-driven model of cSCC, I demonstrated that ΔdblGATA mice were significantly less susceptible to carcinogenesis, with delayed onset and overall, less tumour development. To investigate possible mechanisms by which eosinophils could affect skin health, I analysed the bioactive lipidome in healthy, inflamed and tumour skin tissue of WT and ΔdblGATA mice. I found significant alterations in the expression of bioactive lipid mediators between different tissue states in both WT and ΔdblGATA skin and demonstrated that the bioactive lipid mediator profile was significantly regulated by eosinophils. I selected two eosinophil-driven lipid mediators; the pro-resolving mediator protein conjugates in tissue regeneration 1 (PCTR1) and the eosinophil specific mediator Eoxin C4. Topical application of PCTR1 and Eoxin C4 regulated the tissue response to inflammation and reduced tumour growth in WT mice. Tissue eosinophils were further characterised by TempO-seq RNA transcript analysis which showed distinct profiles of skin eosinophils compared to bone marrow and spleen eosinophils. The eosinophil transcriptome was also altered in tumour compared to healthy or inflamed skin. In conclusion, my data suggests a prominent role for skin eosinophils in driving epithelial cell proliferation and tumour outgrowth.Open Acces
Quantifier raising in 4-year-olds
No full textSeveral studies on the acquisition of quantification (Musolino 1998, Musolino, Crain and Thornton, 2001, Lidz and Musolino 2001) have shown that 4- to 6-year-old children differ systematically from adults in their ability to assign inverse scope to ambiguous sentences like (1) and (2). (1) The Smurf didn’t catch two birds (2) Every horse didn’t jump over the fence Using the Truth Value Judgment Task (Crain and McKee 1985, Crain and Thornton 1998, Gordon 1996), these authors found that adults were able to assign either reading of (3) and (4) to sentences like (1) and (2), respectively.1 (3) a. There are two birds that the Smurf didn’t catch (two> not) b. It is not the case that the Smurf caught two birds (not> two) (4) a. Not every horse jumped over the fence (not> every) b. No horses jumped over the fence (every> not) Four and five-year-old children, however, systematically rejected the inverse scope readings (3a/4a) of the quantificational expressions t w
The role of IL-33 in regulating skin immunity and skin carcinogenesis
No full textLymphoid stress-surveillance (LSS) refers to the capacity of tissue resident intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) to directly sense epithelial cell (EC) dysregulation and initiate a reparative response. Dendritic epidermal T cells (DETC) in the skin are potent producers of IL-13 upon epithelial dysregulation, which regulates EC function, promotes tissue homeostasis and protects against skin carcinogenesis. This may be due to its prominent effect on basal EC, where IEL-derived IL-13 enables a canonical EC stress-response with the expression of Il33 RNA. IL-33 is an abundant cytokine ‘alarmin’ which is constitutively expressed in the nucleus of basal skin EC but is rapidly released upon epithelial challenge. Here I show that LSS in the skin regulates the expression of IL-33 protein in EC during health as well as its release following epithelial damage. LSS does not regulate the fellow family member epithelial alarmin, IL-1, in EC. The IL-33 receptor, ST2, is predominantly expressed on skin resident and infiltrating regulatory T cells (TReg), with skin ST2+TReg localizing in close association with IL-33+ basal EC. I demonstrate that ST2-signalling in skin TReg promotes a more immunosuppressive and reparative phenotype in these cells. Absence of the IL-33/ST2 axis alters EC differentiation and phenotype, with EC aberrantly expressing stress-antigens, distinct keratins and pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the tissue displays reduced barrier integrity, as demonstrated by an increase in trans-epidermal water loss. Moreover, IL-33/ST2-signalling aids in restoring the skin barrier after epidermal abrasion by tape stripping, regulates immune infiltration during skin inflammation and protects against EC tumour outgrowth during cutaneous two-stage chemical carcinogenesis. Together my findings suggest, that IL-33, downstream of LSS, mediate direct EC-TReg cross-communication, and that this molecular axis further supports tissue homeostasis and protects against skin cancer development.Open Acces
Små lokala företag och sociala medier : En kvalitativ studie av små lokala företags användning av sociala medier för att gynna varumärkets brand equity
No full textTitel: Små lokala företag och sociala medier -En kvalitativ studie av små lokala företags användning av sociala medier för att gynna varumärkets brand equity Nivå: Examensarbete på Grundnivå (kandidatexamen) i ämnet företagsekonomi. Författare: Maja Helsing och Julia Strid Handledare: Peter Ek Datum: 2021 – juni Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats var att utveckla kunskapen kring hur små lokala företag kan förbättra deras egen brand equity genom att använda sociala medier. Metod: Vi har använt oss av ett deduktivt tillvägagångssätt. En kvalitativ forskningsmetod i form av tio semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts i datainsamlingen, tillsammans med en netnografisk undersökning. Respondenterna utgjorde anställda på mindre lokala företag i en svensk medelstor stad, vars arbetsuppgift innefattar att ansvara för företagets sociala medier. Resultat & slutsats: Resultatet visar på att det för små lokala företag är fördelaktigt att använda sig av sociala medier. Till följd av att det bidrar till högre varumärkeskännedom samt skapar bättre kundrelationer, vilket påverkar CBBE positivt. Examensarbetets bidrag: Den här studien bidrar med ny kunskap kring de positiva effekterna av små lokala företags användning av sociala medier. Studien ökar den kunskap som finns gällande de fördelar som finns samt största svårigheterna företagen möter. Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Denna studie har främst undersökt återförsäljare av produkter. Det vore därför intressant att genomföra en liknande studie på antingen försäljare av egen produkt eller tjänsteföretag. Nyckelord: CBBE, Sociala medier marknadsföring, Små företag, Lokala företag, Kundrelation.Title: Small local businesses and social media- A qualitative study of small local companies' use of social media to benefit the brand's brand equity Level: Student thesis, final assignment for Bachelor Degree in Business Administration Author: Maja Helsing and Julia Strid Supervisor: Peter Ek Date: 2021 – June Aim: The aim of this study was to develop knowledge about how small local companies can improve their own brand equity by using social media. Method: We have used a deductive approach. A qualitative research method in the form of ten semi-structured interviews was conducted in the data collection, together with a netnographic examination. The respondents were employees of small local companies in a Swedish medium-sized city, whose task includes being responsible for the company's social media. Result & conclusions: The result show that it is beneficial for small local businesses to use social media. As a result, it contributes to higher brand awareness and creates better customer relationships, which has a positive effect on CBBE. Contribution of the thesis: This study contributes new knowledge about the positive effects of small local companies' use of social media. The study increases the existing knowledge regarding the benefits that exist and the greatest difficulties companies face. Suggestions for future research: This study has mainly examined retailers of products. It would therefore be interesting to carry out a similar study on either seller of their own product or service companies. Key words: CBBE, Social media marketing, SME, Local business, Customer relationship
Epicutaneous immunization with type II collagen inhibits both onset and progression of chronic collagen-induced arthritis.
No full textEpicutaneous immunization is a potential non-invasive technique for antigen-specific immune-modulation. Topical application of protein antigens to barrier-disrupted skin induces potent antigen-specific immunity with a strong Th2-bias. In this study, we investigate whether the autoimmune inflammatory response of chronic collagen-induced arthritis (CCIA) in DBA/1-TCR-beta Tg mice can be modified by epicutaneous immunization. We show that epicutaneous immunization with type II collagen (CII) inhibited development and progression of CCIA and, importantly, also ameliorated ongoing disease as indicated by clinical scores of disease severity, paw swelling and joints histology. Treated mice show reduced CII-driven T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production, as well as significantly lower levels of CII-specific IgG2a serum antibodies. In contrast, CII-driven IL-4 production and IgE antibody levels were increased consistent with skewing of the CII response from Th1 to Th2 in treated mice. IL-4 production in treated mice was inversely correlated with disease severity. Moreover, T cells from treated mice inhibited proliferation and IFN-gamma production by T cells from CCIA mice, suggesting induction of regulatory T cells that actively inhibit effector responses in arthritic mice. The levels of CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells were however not increased following epicutaneous CII treatment. Together, these results suggest that epicutaneous immunization may be used as an immune-modulating procedure to actively re-programme pathogenic Th1 responses, and could have potential as a novel specific and simple treatment for chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis
Förtryck eller frihet? : En kritisk diskursanalys av slöjan och slöjbärare i svensk media från 2018-2019
No full textI denna uppsats undersöker jag hur den muslimska slöjan och slöjbäraren framställs i artiklar från de rikstäckande dags- och kvällstidningarna Dagens Nyheter, Svenska Dagbladet, Aftonbladet och Expressen. Jag har genom att använda kritisk diskursanalys synliggjort vilka diskurser som finns i 15 utvalda artiklar från ovanstående medier under 2018-2019. För att förklara vilka diskurser som omger artiklarna har tre teorier valts ut: postkolonial teori, orientalism och postkolonial teori ur feministisk synvinkel. De slutsatser som framkommer är att slöjan och slöjbäraren innefattas av olika diskurser under 2018-2019 i de 15 artiklarna. Den största diskursen är att slöjan med ord som ”förtryck” och ”förbud” och slöjbäraren talas om som någon som behöver räddas från detta förtryck. Den förändringsdiskurs som denna undersökning hittar skildrar slöjan och slöjbäraren som en del av svensk kultur och i behov av representation. I slutet görs även en ämnesdidaktisk reflektion där uppsatsens slutsatser diskuteras i koppling till ämnet religionskunskap i gymnasieskolan
Den nya generationens mobbning – En kvalitativ studie om förekomsten av organisatoriskt lärande i fyra grundskolors arbete mot cybermobbning.
No full textTitel: Den nya generationens mobbning – En kvalitativ studie om förekomsten av organisatoriskt lärande i fyra grundskolors arbete mot cybermobbning.
Författare: Paul Jacks och Jessica Rönnlund.
Kurs: Examensarbete i medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap. Institutionen för journalistik, medier och kommunikation, Göteborgs universitet.
Termin: Höstterminen 2013.
Handledare: Jan Strid.
Sidantal: 55 inklusive bilagor.
Antal ord: 16 018.
Syfte: Syftet med studien är att undersöka förekomsten av organisatoriskt lärande när det kommer till hur man förebygger och hanterar cybermobbning på olika grundskolor i Göteborg.
Metod: Kvalitativa samtalsintervjuer.
Material: Fyra samtalsintervjuer med rektorer på grundskolor i Göteborg. Samtliga intervjuer gjordes över telefon.
Huvudresultat: Vårt resultat indikerar på att skolorna för ett aktivt arbete mot kränkningar och diskriminering, vilket även finns nedskrivet i deras likabehandlingsplan. Dock för skolorna inte ett specifikt arbete för att motverka och förebygga cybermobbning utan detta ingår i det övergripande arbetet mot kränkningar. Man är däremot fullt medveten om att cybermobbning är en ny form av mobbning, men man anser inte att det krävs ett specifikt arbete för att motverka att det uppstår på skolan. Det uppmärksammade Instagrammålet har inte ökat intresset att utveckla något sådant arbete heller, då man har uppfattningen att något liknande inte kan ske på respektive skola. Följaktligen har man inte tagit lärdom av vare sig detta fall eller något annat. Resultatet visar även att det inte finns några större skillnader i hur arbetet ser ut på resursstarka samt resurssvaga skolor, förutom att de sistnämna är något mer förberedda på större kriser i allmänhet
The role of the dendritic cell receptor DNGR-1 in anti-cancer immunity
No full textMost successful immunotherapeutic strategies harness CD8+ cytotoxic T cells to kill cancer cells. Central to this process are professional antigen presenting cells called type 1 conventional dendritic cells (cDC1s) that prime and restimulate anti-tumour CD8+ cytotoxic T cells. cDC1s express high levels of DNGR-1, also known as CLEC9A, a C-type lectin receptor that binds filamentous-actin (F-actin). The latter is exposed on dead cell debris ingested by cDC1 and the ensuing triggering of DNGR-1 facilitates cross-presentation of dead cell-associated antigens. It is generally thought that death of tumour cells is a pre-requisite for acquisition of tumour antigens by cDC1. However, whether DNGR-1 is required for CD8+ T cell-mediated immunity to cancer remains unknown. In this thesis, I set out to investigate the role of DNGR-1 in anti-cancer immunity.
Firstly, in a series of in vivo loss-of-function experiments with DNGR-1-deficient mice, I show that DNGR-1 is dispensable for the control and/or rejection of a variety of immunogenic transplantable tumours. I also show that DNGR-1 is redundant for tumour control following therapy-induced immunogenic cell death. However, we recently identified a plasma protein called secreted gelsolin (sGSN) that competes with DNGR-1 for binding to F-actin and acts as a negative regulator of DNGR-1-mediated cross-presentation. I therefore also tested mice mice lacking sGSN and found that loss of sGSN results in DNGR-1-mediated tumour control being unleashed and enhanced responses to a repertoire of anti-cancer therapies including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immune-checkpoint inhibitors and radiotherapy. In a separate set of studies, I moved away from transplantable tumours to assess the importance of DNGR-1 as an immune barrier to chemical carcinogenesis. Using the 3-methylcholanthrene-induced sarcoma model, I found that DNGR-1-deficient mice displayed increased susceptibility to tumour development compared to WT mice...Open Acces
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