1,720,964 research outputs found
Abstract LB-333: Lymphatic endothelium increases antioxidant capacity of triple-negative breast cancer cells and protects from cell death
No full textAbstract
Involvement of lymphatic system with cancer and the extent of lymph node metastases are directly correlated with the poor patient outcome. However, it is not understood whether the presence of lymphatic metastases is only indicative of an aggressive cancer or if the lymphatic vessel microenvironment directly contributes to the metastatic progression. We demonstrate that soluble factors produced by lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) protect triple negative breast cancer cells from cell death in vitro. Co-culture with LECs or LEC-conditioned medium (LEC-CM) protected cancer cells from death induced by the loss of homotypic cell adhesion, nutrient deprivation, or loss of matrix attachment. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) preceded cell death, and were significantly decreased in tumor cells upon treatment with LEC-CM. Furthermore, LEC-CM protected tumor cells from death induced by exogenous oxidative stress (H2O2), while treatment with the anti-oxidant N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) recapitulated the cytoprotective effect of LEC-CM. RNA-Seq analysis revealed Nrf2 pathway as the most upregulated stress-pathway induced in tumor cells upon loss of adhesion. Nrf2 and other stress signaling pathways were significantly diminished in the presence of LEC-CM. Pharmacological inhibition of the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and the components of thioredoxin and glutathione scavanging systems increased ROS and cell death in LEC-CM indicating that the maintenance of redox homeostasis and cell viability by LEC-CM is dependent on the PPP pathway and in particular thioredoxin system. Furthermore, LEC-CM preserved integrity and function of mitochondria. These results demonstrate that soluble factors produced by lymphatic endothelium promote survival of triple-negative breast cancer cells under stress by regulating tumor cell redox homeostasis and promoting mitochondrial function.
Citation Format: Mirela Berisa, Simona Podgrabinska, Jerry Chipuk, Mihaela Skobe. Lymphatic endothelium increases antioxidant capacity of triple-negative breast cancer cells and protects from cell death [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr LB-333. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-LB-333</jats:p
Abstract 443: Lymphatic endothelium protects breast cancer cells from death by inducing metabolic adaptations
No full textAbstract
The lymphatic vasculature is an important pathway for breast cancer dissemination, yet it is not understood whether and how the lymphatic vessel microenvironment influences cancer metastasis. We demonstrate that lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) promote survival of triple-negative breast cancer cells (TNBCs) under stress by improving mitochondrial function and inducing metabolic shift to promote cellular energy production. LECs protected TNBCs from death in vitro induced by the loss of attachment and nutrient deprivation. Cell death was preceded with a sharp increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), strong up-regulation of Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response genes and a rapid decline of mitochondrial activity. LECs lowered ROS levels, decreased mitochondrial superoxide formation and enhanced mitochondrial activity in TNBCs. RNAseq transcriptome analysis identified key regulator of mitochondrial metabolism and cellular bioenergetics, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator (PPARGC1A/PGC-1α, to be specifically up-regulated in breast cancer cells by LEC-derived factors. Inhibition studies demonstrated that the TNBC survival was dependent on pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) activity. Notably, LECs induced a metabolic shift from glycolysis to fatty-acid oxidation (FAO) and oxidative phosphorylation to maintain ATP and sustain cell viability. These data demonstrate that lymphatic endothelium promotes survival of breast cancer cells by regulating energy production and maintaining redox homeostasis. Our findings suggest that lymphatic endothelium may facilitate metastasis by promoting survival of breast cancer cells within the lymphatic vasculature.
Citation Format: Mirela Berisa, Simona Podgrabinska, Brandon Nicolay, Raul Mostoslavsky, Jerry Chipuk, Mihaela Skobe. Lymphatic endothelium protects breast cancer cells from death by inducing metabolic adaptations [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 443. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-443</jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
