1,721,004 research outputs found
Parental joblessness, financial disadvantage and the wellbeing of parents and children
Full text linkThis paper used Longitudinal Study of Australian Children data to analyse links between parental employment and the wellbeing of families.The study found that jobless families and families with short part-time hours (fewer than 21 hours) were at considerable financial disadvantage compared to families with full-time or long part-time hours of employment.Of the children in the study, 5 per cent were living in a family with short part-time hours, and 11 per cent lived in a jobless family – this figure includes half of the children of single parents. Developmental outcomes for these children were lower than those for children in families working more than 21 hours. Joblessness and short part-time hours contributed to these poor outcomes for children through the effect of financial stress on parents.Authored by Jennifer Baxter, Matthew Gray, Kelly Hand, and Alan Hayes
Returning to work following childbearing in Australia
No full textWomen\u27s employment is often disrupted to some extent by childbearing, with women taking time out of the labour force to care for young children, and often returning to work part-time to better manage the competing priorities of work and family. In this paper for the 2004 Australian Institute of Family Studies conference Jennifer Baxter looks at how the timing of return to work has changed in recent decades, and identifies characteristics of women likely to return to work earlier than others, or more likely to return to full-time rather than part-time work
An examination of the characteristics and time use of those who have unfilled spare time
No full textWhile the often-heard complaint about time today is that of having too much to do and too little time, there are those who experience the opposite: they have difficulty filling the spare time that they have. This spare time can for some include times perceived to be empty of satisfying activity, and instead be associated with feelings of dissatisfaction, with frustration and boredom, and with time being spent in unproductive or even unhealthy pursuits. This paper uses the Australian Bureau of Statistics 1997 and 2006 Time Use Surveys to examine the characteristics and time use patterns associated with reporting to frequently have spare time that is difficult to fill. These analyses take a life cycle perspective to determine which men and women are at greatest risk of having this experience of time. These findings indicate that while a minority of people experience unfilled spare time, it is more common among the youngest men and women, especially those living with their parents, as well as men living alone, men and women with limited commitments to paid work or to caring, and those with a health problem and with a non-English-language background. Examining the reasons given for having unfilled spare time, lack of money is the main reason given, however other reasons also apply, and reasons differ for particular groups of people. Ill health, transport, having no friends or family nearby and lack of community facilities are some of those reasons. These data were also related to the patterns of time use to better understand the implications of having unfilled spare time for individuals\u27 wellbeing.
Author: Dr. Jennifer Baxter, Australian Institute of Family Studies
Image: Neal. / flick
The employment dynamics of women with not-employed partners
No full textLabour force data shows that the employment rate of women who have not-employed partners is lower than partnered women with employed partners. To help to understand why the employment rates might be lower in families with not-employed husbands, Jennifer Baxter analyses women\u27s labour force data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey to examine whether they prefer to work, why they are not working, and their employment history. The analysis finds that the likelihood of the wife working depends to some extent on why the husband is not working, but also finds that many women with not-employed husbands have low levels of education, lack recent work experience and have health barriers to their own employment. Of particular value is the ability to look at the dynamics of employment in families with a ot-employed husband: to see how much change there is in the employment of both partners between the waves of the survey. The data show that in some of these families – particularly those where the husband is not working because of an illness or disability – there is very little transition into employment, while there is more change in families with an unemployed husband
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A new system for better employment and social outcomes: report of the Reference Group on Welfare Reform to the Minister for Social Services
Full text linkThis review’s purpose was to identify how to make Australia’s welfare system fairer, more effective, coherent and sustainable and encourage people to work.
Overview
The review, which was led by Patrick McClure AO, provides a comprehensive analysis and set of recommendations on simplification of Australia’s welfare system.
It recommends an integrated approach which builds on four pillars of reform:
Simpler and sustainable income support system
Strengthening individual and family capability
Engaging with employers
Building community capacity
The Government will consider the Report’s recommendations and will make further decisions on these as part of a longer term vision of Australia’s welfare system
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Employment characteristics and transitions of mothers in the longitudinal study of Australian children
Full text linkExecutive summary: For women, the life stage at which combining employment with other commitments is most challenging is when they are raising their children. This report focuses on this time, providing information about mothers’ employment from those with babies through to those with primary school-age children. The report provides
some broad descriptive information about mothers’ employment patterns, including work hours, job
contracts and occupations, in addition to the simpler measure of whether or not they are employed. It also
explores how patterns vary across the characteristics of mothers and families.
The report is based on the first four waves of the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC), including
families of children from both the B cohort (‘birth’ at Wave 1, born between March 2003 and February 2004)
and the K cohort (‘kindergarten’ at Wave 1, born between March 1999 and February 2000). The data are
primarily taken from reports of mothers of these children and specifically relate to characteristics of their
employment at each wave. This allows analyses of differences in employment characteristics of mothers
who have different personal and family characteristics and also allows analyses of mothers’ employment
transitions from one wave to the next. Both approaches are used in this report
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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