1,721,070 research outputs found
Locating the self within the aesthetic experience of sculpture
No full textThis practice-based research project is about the location of the self within aesthetic experience: how can a response to an object put forward for aesthetic appraisal lead to an awareness of the physical and embodied cognitive self The study centres on sculpture and our experience of it. It begins by considering how an aesthetic experience can act as a framing mechanism though which an awareness of the physical and cognitive self can be realised. By drawing upon several established philosophical and scientific ideas surrounding aesthetic experience, and through actual fine art practice, making sculptural objects which knowingly seek to trigger certain responses, the study will examine possible constituent factors within the experiential moment. In terms of theoretical and scientific contributions to the issue, the study considers the possible roles of proprioception and affordance, mirror neurons and embodied consciousness. The studio works involved have the characteristics, broadly, of skeletal mechanical devices, in metal, wood and other materials, stripped down to a functional minimum. The final phase of the project involves a motion capture experiment which sought to support the practical and theoretical work undertaken with a detailed account of viewer movement and body position in relation to the sculptural object, and thus offer analytical data regarding certain aspects of the aesthetic experience. The data collected has then been used as the basis for new studio work to further examine the relation between viewer and object
Dataset supporting the University of Southampton Doctoral Thesis "Investigating fibroblast heterogeneity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma"
No full textThis dataset contains scRNA-Seq (10x 3' v3) and spatial transcriptomics (10x Visium V2 Cytassist) data for 10 patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The scRNA-Seq .RDS file contains an integrated seurat object containing 82,844 cells with corresponding metadata within the object. Spatial transcriptomics data was read into Seurat using Load10X_Spatial(). The visium data is uploaded both as SpaceRanger output files for each sample and as a Seurat object with deconvoluted spot-level cell type abundance metadata. </span
Investigating fibroblast heterogeneity in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
No full textHead and neck cancer is the 8th most common cancer in the UK, with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) accounting for 90% of cases. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) form a prominent part of the tumour microenvironment (TME) in a number of solid cancers including HNSCC, where they are associated with protumourigenic functions and poor prognosis. CAF are often marked by alpha-smooth muscle actin (aSMA) and have a myofibroblastic phenotype (myCAF). However, CAF are heterogenous and comprise of various populations, including inflammatory CAF (iCAF). The aim of this work was to provide a thorough characterisation of the fibroblast landscape of HNSCC.A range of transcriptomic methods were used to identify CAF and corresponding TME associations in HNSCC, including bulk RNA-Seq (TCGA) and deconvolution techniques. In vitro gene expression experiments evaluated plasticity and key pathways connected to fibroblast heterogeneity. Single cell RNA-Sequencing (scRNA-Seq) was used to identify and subsequently characterise fibroblast phenotypes in terms of gene expression profiles, differential abundance, active pathways and transcription factors. Spatial transcriptomics (10x Visium) analysis was used to identify the spatial positioning of fibroblast subsets within HNSCC using deconvolution algorithms, colocalisation with other cell types and ligand-receptor interactions governing fibroblast phenotypes. Multiplexed Immunofluorescence imaging (MxIF) was used to validate spatial transcriptomic cell type associations.Initial analysis of HNSCC extracellular matrix (ECM) genes showed that CAFhigh tumours were associated with poor survival and the mesenchymal molecular subtype. Two ECM signatures were identified, reflecting two different CAF subsets. This was confirmed by analysis of scRNA- Seq data, and included myCAF and a phenotype resembling universal fibroblasts, which were also present in normal mucosa. Transforming Growth Factor–b (TGFb) signalling linked the two CAF subsets.Novel HNSCC scRNA-Seq and spatial transcriptomics datasets were then analysed, exploring human papillomavirus (HPV)+ (immune hot) and HPV- HNSCC (immune cold) TMEs. This revealed six clusters of fibroblasts, including myCAF, PI16+ universal fibroblasts and two inflammatory fibroblasts [(IL11+) iCAF and fibroblastic reticular (FRC)-like]. (IL11+) iCAF were spatially associated with inflammatory monocytes, regulated through IL1b and TNFa signalling, and associated with poor survival. FRC-like were enriched in immune hot tumours, associated with CD4+ T cells and B cells in tertiary lymphoid structures, regulated through LTbR signalling and were associated with improved survival and response to checkpoint immunotherapy.Pan-cancer analysis identified various ‘iCAF’ clusters including IL11+ (i)CAF and IGF1+ (i)CAF. IL11+ CAF reflected a particularly inflammatory subset associated with inflammatory monocytes and were also found in other gastrointestinal and skin cancers, implicated with barrier dysfunction. IGF1+ CAF, transcriptomically similar to iCAFs previously described in pancreatic cancer, were found pan-cancer and reflected a low fibroblast activation state. Inflammatory fibroblasts identified in cancers were also present in inflammatory diseases.This work clarifies and develops upon our understanding of immunomodulatory fibroblasts in HNSCC and across cancer types, highlighting vital spatial and immunological niches
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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