16 research outputs found
An experimental approach for the determination of axial and flexural wavenumbers in circular exponentially tapered bars.
No full textData and code (as Jupyter notebook) allowing for generating results presented in figures in Michał K. Kalkowski, Jen M. Muggleton, Emiliano Rustighi, An experimental approach for the determination of axial and flexural wavenumbers in circular exponentially tapered bars, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Volume 390, 3 March 2017, Pages 67-85, ISSN 0022-460X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2016.10.018
Work was funded by EPSRC, Assessing the Underworld (EP/K021699/1) </span
Spinal fusion for lumbar instability: does it have a scientific basis?
No full textSummary: The validity of spinal fusion for lumbar instability is considered. Some difficulty lies in the interpretation of the term instability. The differing interpretations in the clinical, radiologic, and biomechanical contexts are discussed. These interpretations may only be reconciled if the confusion between hypermobility and instability is removed and some recourse is made to soft tissue integrity. Fusion is considered in the context of the functioning spine as a whole. Although the aim of the surgery is usually to produce a solid arthrodesis, some studies show that this can compromise the functioning of the rest of the spine. Furthermore, there is some evidence that pseudarthrosis itself may not be detrimental. Dynamic imaging offers the potential for improved diagnosis and assessment, but further work is needed to pave the way for better selection criteria and treatment strategies
Vibration of an exponentially tapered rod embedded in an elastic solid - A piecewise uniform approach
No full textExponentially tapered rods can serve as a simplified physical model for tree roots. Based on an analytical solution for axial waves in a uniform embedded rod, we present a piecewise uniform formulation for modelling the dynamics of a tapered embedded rod. First, we revisit the uniform rod solution and discuss its characteristics. The piecewise uniform approach, in which the tapered rod is approximated as a multi-step structure composed of a number of uniform components, is presented next. The dynamics of the built-up waveguide are written in terms of propagating waves that scatter at the junctions. The assumption is made that the surrounding elastic medium has no effect on the scattering. We conduct a numerical convergence study and verify the accuracy of our model against an axisymmetric finite element (FE) simulation with perfectly absorbing boundaries. Both predictions are in very good agreement except for the low frequency range, where an assumption regarding the boundary contidions is expected to play a role. Finally, some basic observations are given in the context of the dynamics of a free tapered rod.</p
Supplementary material to 'An experimental approach for the determination of axial and flexural wavenumbers in circular exponentially tapered bars' : First release
No full text<p>Supplementary material to 'An experimental approach for the determination of axial and flexural wavenumbers in circular exponentially tapered bars' by Michał K. Kalkowski, Jen M. Muggleton, Emiliano Rustighi, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Volume 390, 3 March 2017, Pages 67-85, ISSN 0022-460X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2016.10.018</p>
Supplementary Material To 'An Experimental Approach For The Determination Of Axial And Flexural Wavenumbers In Circular Exponentially Tapered Bars' : First Release
No full textSupplementary material to 'An experimental approach for the determination of axial and flexural wavenumbers in circular exponentially tapered bars' by Michał K. Kalkowski, Jen M. Muggleton, Emiliano Rustighi, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Volume 390, 3 March 2017, Pages 67-85, ISSN 0022-460X, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2016.10.018</span
Site assessment of multiple sensor approaches for buried utility detection
No full textThe successful operation and maintenance of buried infrastructure within urban environments is fundamental to the conservation of modern living standards. Breakdown in supply of utilities is quickly noticed and requires a swift response to repair the network. Open-cut methods are predominantly used, in preference to trenchless technology, to effect a repair, or replace or install a new section of the network. This is, in part, due to the inability to determine the position of all utilities below the carriageway, making open-cut methods desirable in terms of dealing with uncertainty since the buried infrastructure is progressively exposed during excavation. However, open cut methods damage the carriageway and disrupt society’s functions. This paper describes the progress of a research project that aims to develop a multi-sensor geophysical platform that can improve the probability of complete detection of the infrastructure buried beneath the carriageway. The multi-sensor platform is being developed in conjunction with a knowledge-based system that aims to provide information on how the properties of the ground might affect the sensing technologies being deployed. The fusion of data sources (sensor data and utilities record data) is also being researched to maximise the probability of location. The project has reached a stage where the majority of the sensing technologies being developed for the multi-sensor device have undergone initial testing on site and this has shown some interesting findings. This paper describes the outcome of the initial phase of testing along with the development of the knowledge-based system and the fusing of data to produce utility map
A Simplified Model of the Ground Surface Vibration Arising from a Leaking Pipe
No full textAcoustic techniques remain the bedrock of pipeline leak detection, particularly for the water industry. The correlation technique, in which leak noise measurements are made at accessible locations on the pipe, either side of the leak, is used world-wide. Unfortunately, especially in the case of plastic pipes, access points are often not spaced closely enough for effective leak detection to take place. An alternative to sensing on the pipe is to measure directly on the ground surface, using discrete sensors such as geophones or accelerometers. However, to do this, the vibrational field on the ground, produced by the leak, needs to be fully understood. The present author, alongside colleagues, has developed an analytical model to show how axisymmetric elastic waves propagating within the pipe radiate to the ground surface. The model, only valid directly above the pipe, shows that, dependent on the soil properties, both a conical shear wave and a conical compressional wave may radiate into the soil, and thence propagate to the ground surface. Moreover, the axial dependence of the ground surface response mirrors the axial dependence of the waves propagating within the pipe. Here, a simplified analytical model of the conical pipe-radiated waves, which encapsulates the essential phase-related features of the more complex development described previously, is presented. This then allows a relatively simple extension to predict the off-axis ground surface as well as that directly above the pipe. Numerical simulations and experimental investigations are also carried out to demonstrate the potentialities of the proposed model to reveal the underlying physics through a simple way
Erratum to “An experimental approach for the determination of axial and flexural wavenumbers in circular exponentially tapered bars” [Journal of Sound and Vibration 390 (2017) 67–85]
No full textSocio-lingual Phenomenon of the Anti-language of Polish and American Prison Inmates
No full textThe aim of this paper is to compare Polish and American prison slang terms as well as their inmate codes. This paper is devoted to the phenomenon of prison subculture from the perspective of the Polish prison slang so called the secret grypserka language (from gryps – a slang word meaning a letter smuggled into or out of a jail). Grypserka is the anti-language of Polish prison inmates. Prisoners are people, too, like doctors, policemen and undertakers but when being in prison they lose their friends or often family and then there is nothing left for them but to learn words (grypserka slang) in order to communicate secretly with one another. Perhaps, nobody wants to be sentenced to prison apart from those who are broken-down. A lot of people regard imprisonment as the end of the world. In spite of their dislike or even fear of prisons, they do not close the way to experience power, wealth, sex and addiction. In order to gain so many conveniences, prisoners have to develop their language skills and learn grypserka which allow many desires to be met in their “second world” relieving the pains and inconveniences of incarceration. All in all, it was agreed that “the distinctive argot of inmates gives an insight into the institutions, preoccupations, and style of prison life” (Michaels and Ricks, 1980: 525). Unfortunately, the prison slang has a negative effect on the rehabilitation process because it carries subculture “essence” – rules and norms. It is due to unique expressions, words and phrases that the way of thinking and outlooks of the group members are shaped. When penetrating such a composite phenomenon as the prison slang one should take into consideration its specific attribute – secrecy – and, moreover, the fact that its chief goal is to fight against [email protected]Łukasz Zarzycki holds a PhD in Linguistics from the University of Wroclaw, Poland. He holds Qualified Teacher Status for England. He is also a translator. He specializes in anthropolinguistics, dialectology and sociolinguistics. He published 13 papers and is the author of one monograph. He has been an editorial board member for Journal for the Study of English Linguistics, Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, The Linguistics Journal, United States, Journal of ELT and Applied Linguistics (JELTAL) and Arab World English Journal (AWEJ). He is also a member of Arab Society of English Language Studies (ASELS) and TERTIUM Cracow Linguistic Society.University of NizwaArcher, Thomas. 1985. The pauper, the thief, and the convict. New York: Garland Pub.Becker, Howard. 1963. Outsiders: Studies in the Sociology of Deviance. New York: The Free Press.Bondesson, Ulla. 1989. Prisoners in prison societies. 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Logic-based Modelling of Musical Harmony for Automatic Characterisation and Classification
No full textThe copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without the prior written consent of the authorMusic like other online media is undergoing an information explosion. Massive online
music stores such as the iTunes Store1 or Amazon MP32, and their counterparts, the streaming
platforms, such as Spotify3, Rdio4 and Deezer5, offer more than 30 million6 pieces of music to
their customers, that is to say anybody with a smart phone. Indeed these ubiquitous devices
offer vast storage capacities and cloud-based apps that can cater any music request. As Paul
Lamere puts it7:
“we can now have a virtually endless supply of music in our pocket. The ‘bottomless iPod’
will have as big an effect on how we listen to music as the original iPod had back in 2001.
But with millions of songs to chose from, we will need help finding music that we want to
hear [...]. We will need new tools that help us manage our listening experience.”
Retrieval, organisation, recommendation, annotation and characterisation of musical data is
precisely what the Music Information Retrieval (MIR) community has been working on for
at least 15 years (Byrd and Crawford, 2002). It is clear from its historical roots in practical
fields such as Information Retrieval, Information Systems, Digital Resources and Digital
Libraries but also from the publications presented at the first International Symposium on Music
Information Retrieval in 2000 that MIR has been aiming to build tools to help people to navigate,
explore and make sense of music collections (Downie et al., 2009). That also includes analytical
tools to suppor
