25 research outputs found
La réduction des déchets ménagers : une approche par la théorie des pratiques
No full textInternational audienc
Household Waste Reduction: A Segmented Approach Through Social Practice Theory
No full textInternational audienc
Demonstration of facilitation between microalgae to face environmental stress
No full textAuthor Correction: Demonstration of facilitation between microalgae to face environmental stress. In Scientific Reports, vol; 10, n°1, Article : 3557 ; DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59860-0 ; WOS:000563252500001 Author Correction: Demonstration of facilitation between microalgae to face environmental stress. In Scientific Reports, vol; 10, n°1, Article : 3557 ; DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-59860-0 ; WOS:000563252500001The original version of this Article omitted an affiliation for Emna Krichen and the Acknowledgements section contained typographical errors and was incomplete. This erratum is available as an annex file.International audiencePositive interactions such as facilitation play an important role during the biological colonization and species succession in harsh or changing environments. However, the direct evidence of such ecological interaction in microbial communities remains rare. Using common freshwater microalgae isolated from a High Rate Algal Pond HRAP treating wastewaters, we investigated with both experimental and modeling approaches the direct facilitation between two algal strains during the colonization phase. Our results demonstrate that the first colonization by microalgae under a severe chemical condition arose from the rapid growth of pioneer species such as Chlorella sorokiniana, which facilitated the subsequent colonization of low growth specialists such as Scenedesmus pectinatus. The pioneer species rapidly depleted the total available ammonia nitrogen favoring the specialist species initially inhibited by free ammonia toxicity. This latter species ultimately dominated the algal community through competitive exclusion under low nutrient conditions. We show that microbial successions are not only regulated by climatic conditions but also by interactions between species based on the ability to modify their growth conditions. We suggest that facilitation within the aquatic microbial communities is a widespread ecological interaction under a vast range of environmental stress
A Systematic Review of Influenza Epidemiology and Surveillance in the Eastern Mediterranean and North African Region
No full textSeasonal influenza represents a huge health burden, resulting in significant mortality and morbidity. Following the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, focus has been directed on the burden of influenza globally. Country and regional disease burden estimates play important roles in helping inform decisions on national influenza intervention programmes. Despite improvements in influenza surveillance following the 2009 pandemic, many opportunities remain unexplored in the Eastern Mediterranean and North African (EMNA) region, which has a high prevalence of patients with chronic disease and thus a population at high risk of influenza complications. We conducted a systematic literature review of Embase, Medline, Scopus and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from 1 January 1998 to 31 January 2020 covering the EMNA region with the aim to describe the epidemiology of influenza in the region and assess the influenza epidemiological surveillance research landscape. Relevant data on study characteristics, population, clinical/virology characteristics and epidemiology were extracted and summarised descriptively. Of the 112 studies identified for inclusion, 90 were conducted in the Eastern Mediterranean region, 19 in North Africa and three across the EMNA region. Data were reported on 314,058 laboratory-confirmed influenza cases, 96 of which were derived from surveillance systems. Amongst the surveillance studies, the percentage of positive cases reported ranged from 1% to 100%. The predominantly identified influenza strain was strain A; H1N1 was the most prominent circulating subtype. Typing was performed in approximately 75% and subtyping in 50% of studies, respectively. Data on those considered most at risk for influenza complications were collected in 21% of studies, highlighting a regional gap for these data. Our review reveals existing gaps in regional estimates of influenza health and economic burden, hospitalisation rates and duration, and highlights the need for robust and high-quality epidemiology data to help inform public health interventions. © 2022, The Author(s)
OaaS Based on Temporal Partitioning with Minimum Energy Consumption
No full textAbstractCloud computing is an economical solution for industry which is highly scalable and useful of virtualized resources that can be used on demand. It will have a significant impact on companies with the introduction of orchestration platforms as a Service (OaaS) to perform the services that support a variety of business processes such as BPEL. It's becoming an adoptable technology for many of the organizations, thanks to its flexibility and because it reduces total cost of ownership. Thus, an effective OaaS must meet several requests simultaneously; ensuring scalability and optimizing the use of shared resources in order to minimize energy consumption. In this paper, we will investigate three issues i) exploiting the minimum of resources to execute a maximum number of processes, ii) Preventing possible overload to the server, and iii) minimizing dynamic energy consumption which becomes one of the main challenges for large-scale computing, such as in cloud data center. As a solution for these challenges, we propose to use Workflow partitioning technique and this based on temporal dynamic reconfiguration approach. Our work aims to reduce the dynamic energy consumption; especially in communication buffers between partitions of BPEL process during partitioning. The proposed approach is based on two main steps: 1) Estimate the energy consumption of BPEL processes 2) Temporal and dynamic partitioning of BPEL process based on reconfigurable architecture in order to minimize overall energy consumption on each BPEL process
The Arthur de Gobineau’s East
No full textArthur de Gobineau est un auteur qui a suscité de nombreuses controverses engendrées par ses théories raciales. Ces théories ont cependant contribué à brouiller l’image de cet auteur, souvent présenté comme le père des dérives racistes. Ce n’est pas à l’essayiste que nous avons souhaité consacrer cette thèse, mais bien à l’écrivain, fin connaisseur de l’Orient, humaniste, parce que curieux de l’autre, et surtout méconnu.Par delà ces théories sur les races, Gobineau est l’auteur d’une oeuvre littéraire qui, sous les apparences d’un classicisme parfois hiératique nous donne la vision d’un homme d’une extrême complexité. Il est l’un des derniers représentants de la littérature de l’analyse que l’on considère comme une spécificité française. Mais il s’est également positionné en marge de la vision orientaliste de son époque.Son cheminement vers l’Orient s’est opéré d’abord par une approche toute subjective faite de sensation et d’émotion avant que la passion ne finisse par l’emporter sur les préjugés. Les Nouvelles Asiatiques opèrent une transfiguration du mythe personnel en mythe littéraire : la quête personnelle des origines se traduit par le retour au berceau de l’humanité. La fiction littéraire fait sa matrice là où tout a commencé.L’auteur met à l’épreuve de l’Orient des motifs et des figures qui lui viennent du corpus occidental en transposant dans cet ailleurs des réminiscences de sa culture d’origine. Une pensée qui évolue au gré de la fiction, ou bien un ensemble d’obsessions qui reviennent dans les replis du récit comme en contrebande ? C’est à cette question que nous avons tenté de répondre pour sonder le mystère oriental d’un auteur méconnu.Arthur Gobineau is an author who sparked controversy over his racial theories. These theories, however, have contributed to blur the image of the author, often described as the father of racist tendencies. This thesis is not concerned with the essayist, but with the writer, as a knowledgeable of the East, humanist, curious of the other, and especially unknown.Beyond these racial theories, Gobineau is the author of a literary work which, under the appearance of a hieratic classicism, sometimes gives us a vision of a highly complex man. It is one of the last representatives of the analysis literature, which is peculiar to French. But he is also positioned on the margins of the orientalist vision of his time.His journey to the East was operated first on an approach that was based upon subjective sensation and emotion before that the passion would eventually outweigh prejudices. The New Asians operates a transfiguration of the personal myth into a literary myth: the personal quest for origins is reflected in the return to the cradle of humanity. Literary fiction made its matrices wherein it all began.Transposing to the East reminiscences of his native culture, the author puts to the test of this elsewhere western patterns and figures. Is it the thought that grows with the fiction or the same obsessions that come back into the folds of the story as contraband? It is this question that we tried to answer by probing the eastern mystery of an unknown author
The interdependence between closed-session and individualism in the theater of Yasmina Reza
No full textLe titre de notre sujet, L'interdépendance entre le huis clos et l'individualisme dans les pièces de Yasmina Reza est révélateur des enjeux de notre projet, à savoir expliciter la motivation principale de l'auteur : mettre en évidence la crise de l'Homme moderne. Montrer le fragile équilibre de la vie à travers la prédilection de Reza pour une fragmentation scripturale apte à transmettre l'ennui et toutes les autres sensations qui émanent du quotidien des personnages. L'esthétique adoptée de l'hybridité entre les genres se manifeste à travers son œuvre, ainsi que dans les adaptations sur scène par la singularité. Le théâtre incarne le texte à travers la scène pour le rendre des plus vivants. Notre objectif a été d'étudier l'espace en tant qu'élément qui lie représentation théâtrale et littérature. Pour ce faire, nous avons essayé de mettre l'accent sur ce que véhicule le choix du lieu comme symbolique dans la communication afin d'analyser son impact au niveau théâtral et littéraire, tout en soulignant ses enjeux artistiques. Notre recherche a été consacrée au lien entre l'espace et les personnages qui revêt les allures d'un cercle infernal, dans la mesure où le huis clos spatial exacerbe la déformation de certaines notions de l'individualisme chez les protagonistes. La problématique qui nous a préoccupée concerne la thématique de l'espace restreint, le huis clos. Le confinement des lieux voulu par Reza, laisse apparaître en toile de fond les interrogations qu'un Homme moderne en pleine crise existentielle se pose. Par conséquent, si Reza oblige ses personnages à se côtoyer dans un lieu exigu, c'est pour mieux amener la confrontation ainsi que les interactions nécessaires à la maturation de la crise, à partir de la matrice de l'espace scénique. Ainsi, une remise en question des relations humaines en découle et tout semble régi par le conflit et l'abîme du Moi.The title of our subject: The interdependence between the lock-up and the individualism in Yasmina Reza's plays,is quite revealing of the stakes of our project. Namely, to explain the main motivation of the author. Which is tohighlight the crisis of modern man, to show the fragile balance of life through Reza's predilection for scriptural fragmentation, capable of conveying boredom and all the other sensations, that emanate from the daily life of thecharacters. The adopted aesthetic of gender hybridity is evident throughout her work, as well as in the singularity stage adaptations. Our aim is to study space as an element that links theatrical performance and literature. To do this, we devote ourselves to determinate what the choice of the place as symbolic conveys in communication, inorder to clarify its impact at the theatrical and literary level, while highlighting its challenges. Our research will be devoted to the link between space and characters, which takes on the appearance of an infernal circle, insofaras the spatial lock-up exacerbates the distortion of certain notions of individualism among the protagonists. The confinement of the premises desired by Reza, lets appear in the background the questions that a modern man inthe midst of an existential crisis asks himself. Therefore, if Reza forces his characters to mix in a cramped place,it is to create the confrontation and bring about the interactions necessary for the crisis to mature, from the matrix of the stage space. Thus, a questioning of human relationships is obvious, insofar as everything seems to begoverned by the conflict and the abyss of the ego.The key words: Yasmina Reza, modern literature, dramas, Theatre, interdependence, individualism, lock-u
Targeting Mechanisms of Resistance to Endocrine Therapy in Combination with CDK4/6 Inhibitors in ER+ Metastatic Breast Cancer
No full textThis work is embargoed by the author and will not be publicly available until May 2034.Despite the great success of the selective CDK4/6 inhibitors in treating Estrogen receptor positive (ER)+/ HER2- metastatic breast cancer (MBC), acquired and intrinsic resistance remain inevitable. To date, there are no known reliable biomarkers for predicting treatment response or to redirect therapy and overcome resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors in the clinic. Preliminary findings collected by the Side Out 3 (SO3) trial (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03195192), a clinical study aiming at identifying predictive markers of response to endocrine therapy (ET) in combination with CDK4/6 inhibitors, showed that increased expression of the epigenetic regulator EZH2 was associated with lack of response to treatment. Using a combination of observational and mechanistic approaches, this study aimed at understanding the role of EZH2 in the development of resistance to CDK 4/6 inhibitors in ER+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer and exploring its potential as a therapeutic target to redirect treatment. To investigate EZH2 role, isogenic ER+/HER2- breast cancer model systems with stable acquired resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors palbociclib and abemaciclib were developed. To determine if EZH2 expression alone is sufficient to modulate response to CDK 4/6 inhibition, EZH2 overexpression was induced in non-resistant cells through lentivirus transduction. To assess EZH2 therapeutic potential, EZH2 was knocked down in CDK4/6 resistant cell lines with shRNA transfection and response to treatment with two EZH2 inhibitors, Tazemetostat and MS1943, was compared across parental and resistant cell lines in 2D and 3D culture. Taken together, our data suggest that EZH2 may represent a new therapeutic target in ER+/HER2- MBCs that are resistant to CDK 4/6 inhibition in combination with ET. Our data also indicate that resistance to treatment may be driven through EZH2 non-canonical activities opening new opportunities for developing new precision targeted approach for MBC patients.2034-05-1
Milan Kundera : essay's writing or writing's essay
No full textL’écriture de l’essai de Milan Kundera repose sur le processus d’une création d’œuvres en perpétuelle évolution. La poétique réflexive de la tétralogie essayistique de l’auteur est fondée sur l’idée d’une interrelation entre œuvres, auteurs, perspectives, époques ou encore genres littéraires et artistiques. Elle implique le concept de variation nécessaire pour rendre compte des échos entre les thèmes et éléments interreliés et de leur diversité. Il s’agit d’une écriture innovante et non conventionnelle, qui suit les méandres de la pensée de l’essayiste, étant la preuve d’une certaine consubstantialité entre l’auteur et son œuvre. Hybridité générique, polyphonie textuelle et dimension théâtrale amplifient la dynamique de la trame essayistique. D’ailleurs, la pensée critique de Kundera alimente ses essais et s’annonce comme création et non pas en tant que théorisation d’idées et de concepts. Elle révèle également ses motivations à interroger les fondements et interactions humaines, sociales et culturelles. Cependant, elle est essentiellement axée sur l’art et la littérature et plus particulièrement sur les créations et découvertes romanesques. Par ailleurs, l’essayiste nous invite à repenser la reconnaissance culturelle comme impératif existentiel et nous incite paradoxalement à l’innovation et à l’improvisation. Ainsi, la conservation du patrimoine culturel n’est possible que par et grâce une exploration continue de formes et de perspectives. Toutefois, l’écriture de l’essai de Kundera s’avère inhérente à son art romanesque. Elle accentue de même l’idée que seul le roman parvient à transcender toute forme de frontière et possède une profondeur et une amplitude sans pareilles.Milan Kundera's essay writing is based on the process of creating works that are constantly evolving. The reflexive poetics of Kundera's essayistic tetralogy are based on the idea of an interrelationship between works, authors, perspectives, periods and literary and artistic genres. It involves the concept of variation, which is necessary to identify the echoes and diversity of the interrelated themes and elements. It is an innovative and unconventional form of writing that follows the meanderings of the essayist's thoughts, demonstrating a certain consubstantiality between the author and his work. Generic hybridity, textual polyphony and a theatrical dimension amplify the dynamic of the essays. Indeed, Kundera's critical thinking fuels his essay’s writing. It is announced as a creation rather than a theorization of ideas and concepts. It also reveals author’s motivation to question human, social and cultural foundations and interactions. However, it is essentially focused on art and literature, and more particularly on novel creations and discoveries. In addition, the essayist invites us to rethink cultural recognition as an existential imperative, and paradoxically encourages us to innovate and improvise. Thus, the preservation of cultural heritage is only possible by and through a continuous exploration of forms and perspectives. Moreover, Kundera's essay writing is inherent to his novelistic art. It also emphasizes the idea that only the novel can transcend all forms of boundaries and possess unparalleled depth and amplitude
Synthesis of C,N,N-Cyclometalated Gold(III) Complexes with Anionic Amide Ligands
No full textA series of neutral C,N,N Au(III) complexes were synthesized with N -(8-quinolinyl)benzamide derivatives or chiral N -[2-(1,3-oxazolin-2-yl)phenyl]benzamide derivatives. The convenient synthesis method for the amide ligands, together with their operationally simple complexation by direct C-H auration, permitted changes to both the steric and electronic properties of Au(III) complexes for promoting the catalytic three-component couplings of an aldehyde, an amine, and an alkyne
