75 research outputs found
Maltese journalism 1838-1992 : an historical overview
No full textIn Maltese Journalism 1838-1992 Henry Frendo looks critically at newspapers as these originated and developed in Malta. A former daily newspaper editor and UN information officer in Geneva, Professor Frendo directs the University of Malta's history seminar on Maltese journalism, which he started in 1990. Since 1968 Henry Frendo has been a columnist or features writer in Malta News, Il-Haddiem, Il-Hajja, The Bulletin, It- Torca, Illum, Il-Mument, The Sunday Times and In-Nazzjon, and has taken an active part in radio and television programmes. The author of several books on Maltese history, his general academic interests relate to modern and contemporary Europe and the Commonwealth.peer-reviewe
The origins of Maltese statehood : a case study of decolonization in the Mediterranean
No full textCO 926, the main series of volumes containing the Colonial and Commonwealth Relations Offices’ original correspondence and papers, including Maltese affairs, between 1961 and 1964, were recently released in London. Professor Frendo is the first to see and to study these for a book from original sources (including the British intelligence reports) about how Malta really became independent. This has, as a backdrop, decolonization in the British Empire, Europe and the Mediterranean. Professor Frendo’s findings and analysis bring into the o[pen many so fat unknown facts, throwing new light on how and why the onetime fortress colony of Malta became independent from the British in 1964, who and what made it happen when it did. The Origins of Maltese Statehood thus offers new, engaging facts and insights on what for Malta and her people was, in the author’s words, “a parting of the way, a stepping out in to the world”.
Henry Frendo shows how Malta’s emergence to statehood in the early 1960s was all the more remarkable given the growing unrest in Cyprus, Libya and Aden, as well as the strained relations between East and West in the wake of the Cuba missile crisis, President Kennedy’s assassination, Soviet influence in Southern Europe including a naval presence in the Mediterranean, and the spreading of the nuclear weapons. Malta’s role in NATO (the Mediterranean forces of which she then headquartered), the possibility of her membership of the organization, and her part in evolving British and American strategy in the Mediterranean, are considered. So is a secret plan in 1963 for Malta’s integration with Italy after Independence. The book contains substantial biographical information, some of it novel and startling, on leading personalities including Dr Borg Olivier, MR Mintoff, Archbishop Gonzi and Police Commisioner De Gray (all of whom the author had also interviewed in the past) leading to the transfer of power in September 1964 – when, the book shows, there could have been a bloodbath.
As much a history of Malta as of Sir Alec Douglas-Home’s Britain in some respect, this story has the colonial and defence secretaries Duncan Sandys and Peter Thorneycroft as well as the Defence Chief, Earl Mountbatten of Burma, in pivotal roles. Here is a case study of the path to statehood of a former outpost of Empire, a key operational station at least until the 1956 Suez crisis, as well as a long-standing bastion of Christendom straddling in the North-South divide. Malta’s independence story unfolds in the related contexts of an unfolding Commonwealth, with its attendant challenges and perils; an increasingly exposed Southern flank; and the movement towards European integration.peer-reviewe
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No full textInternational audienceEach Drosophila muscle is seeded by one Founder Cell issued from terminal division of a Progenitor Cell (PC). Muscle identity reflects the expression by each PC of a specific combination of identity Transcription Factors (iTFs). Sequential emergence of several PCs at the same position raised the question of how developmental time controlled muscle identity. Here, we identified roles of Anterior Open and ETS domain lacking in controlling PC birth time and Eyes absent, No Ocelli, and Sine oculis in specifying PC identity. The windows of transcription of these and other TFs in wild type and mutant embryos, revealed a cascade of regulation integrating time and space, feed-forward loops and use of alternative transcription start sites. These data provide a dynamic view of the transcriptional control of muscle identity in Drosophila and an extended framework for studying interactions between general myogenic factors and iTFs in evolutionary diversification of muscle shapes
Establishment of muscle identity during embryonic myogenesis in Drosophila
No full textLa diversité morphologique des muscles squelettiques permet la précision et la coordination des mouvements propres à chaque espèce animale. L'établissement du patron musculaire a lieu au cours du développement embryonnaire durant le processus de myogenèse. Il a été décomposé en quatre étapes chez la drosophile : la spécification de groupes de myoblastes équivalents (groupes promusculaires) à des positions précises du mésoderme, la sélection d'une ou plusieurs cellules progéniteurs à partir de chaque groupe, la division asymétrique des progéniteurs en cellules fondatrices des muscles, et enfin, la fusion d'une cellule fondatrice avec un nombre défini de myoblastes compétents pour la fusion qui forme une myofibre syncytiale. Ce processus aboutit à la mise en place d'un patron stéréotypé de muscles morphologiquement distincts par leur taille, orientation, forme, et sites d'attachement au squelette ; ces caractères définissant l'identité du muscle. Chez la drosophile, chacun des 30 muscles par hémisegment de la larve est constitué d'une seule myofibre. Il a été proposé que l'identité morphologique de cette fibre soit contrôlée par une combinatoire de facteurs de transcription identitaires (FTi) exprimés par la cellule fondatrice. Mon projet de thèse a porté sur le contrôle transcriptionnel de l'identité musculaire, avec comme modèle d'étude, un muscle dorso-latéral de la larve de drosophile, le muscle DA3 dont un FTi est Collier/EBF (Col). La transcription de col est activée dans un groupe promusculaire, puis transitoirement dans les quatre progéniteurs issus de ce groupe, avant d'être maintenue spécifiquement dans la myofibre DA3. Dans des embryons mutants pour col, le DA3 est transformé en muscle plus dorsal, DA2. Les travaux précédents de l'équipe ont montré que la transcription de col dans le lignage DA3 est contrôlée par deux modules cis-régulateurs, EarlyCRM et LateCRM, séparés physiquement sur le chromosome et agissant séquentiellement. Leur chevauchement temporel d'activité restreint au progéniteur DA3 et l'autorégulation directe du LateCRM ont mené à l'hypothèse d'un mécanisme de " passage de témoin " entre ces deux CRM, spécifique au progéniteur DA3. L'objectif de ma thèse était de tester cette hypothèse et de comprendre comment une information temporelle et spatiale intégrée par un CRM est transmise à un autre CRM, pour définir une identité cellulaire, une question fondamentale au-delà du cas d'espèce que constitue le muscle DA3.[...]The morphological diversity of skeletal muscles allows the precision and coordination of movements specific to each animal species. Establishment of a stereotypic pattern of muscles takes places during the process of myogenesis. Studies in Drosophila, an insect model, have identified four steps in this process: the specification of equivalence groups of myoblasts (promuscular clusters) at defined positions within the somatic mesoderm, the selection of progenitor(s) from each group, asymmetric division of each progenitor into post-mitotic muscle founder cells, and finally the fusion of each founder cell with a given number of fusion competent cells to form a syncytial myofiber. This dynamic, integrated process leads to establishing a stereotyped pattern of morphologically distinct muscles which can each be distinguished, based on size, orientation, shape, sites of attachment to the skeleton, all properties defining muscle identity. In the Drosophila larva, each of the about 30 different muscles per hemisegment is made of a single myofiber. It has been proposed that final morphology of a myofiber reflects the combinatorial code of identity Transcription Factors (iTF) expressed by its founder cell, although many questions remain unanswered. My thesis project aimed at better understanding the mechanism of specification of muscle identity, using as model a dorso-lateral muscle of the Drosophila larva, the DA3 muscle whose identity is controlled by the Collier/EBF (Col) iTF. col transcription is activated in one promuscular cluster, transient in the 4 progenitors issued from this cluster and stably maintained in the DA3 myofiber. In col mutant embryos, the DA3 muscle is transformed into a more dorsal, DA2-like muscle. Previous work has shown that col transcription in the DA3 lineage is controlled by two cis-regulatory modules (EarlyCRM and LateCRM), physically distant on the chromosome and acting sequentially. The temporal overlap of EarlyCRM and LateCRM in the DA3 progenitor and direct col autoregulation via the LateCRM led to hypothesize a handover between the two CRM in the DA3 progenitor. One goal of my thesis project was to challenge this hypothesis and understand how positional and temporal information integrated by EarlyCRM could be memorized via LateCRM, in order to specify cell identity, a fundamental question of developmental biology beyond the specific case of the Drosophila DA3 muscle. [...
Implication d'une forme d'hCG anormale et de son récepteur (R-LH/CG) dans le développement placentaire lors d'une grossesse associée à une trisomie 21
No full textPARIS7-Bibliothèque centrale (751132105) / SudocSudocFranceF
Regional Security through Synergistic Integration: A Euro-Mediterranean Regional Security Complex? Jean Monnet/Robert Schuman Paper Series Vol. 5, No. 13 June 2008
No full textIn this paper I argue that the recent Iraq war shows that there are, at least with respect to the Greater Middle East, no “quick fixes” for regional security, but that the painstaking process of political, economic and social development and harmonization (e.g. the “EuroMediterranean Partnership-paradigm”) between the northern and southern members of the EMP has to be accomplished step by step to not only be inclusive of the great heterogeneity of peoples and systems in the Euro-Mediterranean region, but to also ensure that all share in the fruits of this development. Hence the commitment by all EMP-members to this collective security region is essential, as in its absence the consequences are felt by all, such as the illegal migration of economically desperate North Africans to Europe, or the militancy of Palestinians. Since the social, political and economic interdependence – and herewith the mutual security interests - among EMP-members is so complex, I propose in this paper to change Buzan and Waever’s conception of the Middle Eastern Regional Security complex (MERSC) to the epistemologically more appropriate concept of a “Euro-Mediterranean Regional Security Complex” (EMRSC), operating within the Euro-Med Partnership
The dithyrambic dramatist: A Nietzschean musical-performative conception
No full textThe concept of the dithyrambic dramatist – introduced by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche in the fourth essay of his Untimely Meditations of 1873–76 – is one of the most performance-oriented concepts to emerge out of the nineteenth century in which theatre was often associated with dramatic literature. This article investigates the nature of the dithyrambic dramatist by tracing, in the first instance, the underlying musical perspectives – already evident in The Birth of Tragedy of 1872 – which led Nietzsche to develop the concept. In the second instance, the author articulates what may be considered as its key conditions, namely the visible–audible and individual–collective relationalities. In view of the arguments brought forward, the concept of the dithyrambic dramatist is located as an interdisciplinary element that emerged out of an art form – music – to which Nietzsche was intimately associated in his youth as a composer. The author further proposes that, rather than a metaphor to philological tropes, the dithyrambic dramatist is a concrete manifestation of interdisciplinary and performative foundations that inform Nietzsche’s analytic perspectives.peer-reviewe
Daniel Albright and Panaestheticism: The Counterpointed, the CounterTextual, and the Contrapuntal in Olivier Messiaen and T. S. Eliot
No full text This article looks at Daniel Albright's ideas on the integration, or otherwise, of the arts, specifically as presented in his book Panaesthetics (2014). Articulating a response to Jean-Luc Nancy's resonant question in The Muses, ‘Why are there several arts and not just one?’, Albright questions whether it is actually possible speak about ‘unity’ across the arts or whether ‘diversity’ remains what defines them. With that in view, the article looks at Olivier Messiaen's Harawi and T. S. Eliot's Four Quartets to discuss the countertextual and the contrapuntal, and how the poetic can there be observed in the musical and vice versa. In doing so, it also offers reflections on some implications for critical practice. </jats:p
Building the Mosaic of Mediterranean Integration
No full textDrawing on his personal experience as Malta's foreign minister from 2004 to 2008, the author argues that the process of Mediterranean integration should be viewed as building a mosaic block by block, with each tile being important to the whole. The original idea for a Union of the Mediterranean is depicted as being superior to its successor, the Union for the Mediterranean The aim should have been to establish a council of the Mediterranean along the lines of the Council of the Baltic States. The political architecture of the Mediterranean is composed of a variable geometry and concentric circles, in which the Olive Group is a “soft” landing place for informal dialogue among the group members and other non-EU states on the Mediterranean littoral.</jats:p
A nationless state? Malta, national identity and the EU
No full textThis article discusses the relationship of Malta with the European Union in the light of Malta's status as an example of a 'nationless state'. The article first develops the relevance of this under-researched concept by locating it within the discussion of postcolonial, small island nationalism. It then provides a historical critique of the emergence of the Maltese nationless state and of its various integrationist attempts with France, Italy, Britain and, most recently, the EU. Finally, the article explores the possible dialectics of an emerging nationalism with an entrenched two-party political system and its totalising discourse.PT: J; CR: *UNICE, 2002, COMM MALT 2002 REP C, P1 ANCKAR D, 1995, SCANDINAVIAN POLITIC, V18, P220 ANDERSON B, 1983, IMAGINED COMMUNITIES BALDACCHINIO G, 1998, ASIA PACIFIC VIEWPOI, V39, P267 BALDACCHINO G, 1989, HYPHEN MALTA, V6, P98 BALDACCHINO G, 2000, LESSONS POLITICAL EC BARTMANN B, 2002, QUEST SOVEREIGNTY UN BEETHAM D, 1984, IDEA MODERN STATE, P209 BOISSEVAIN J, 1974, FRIENDS FRIENDS NETW BUTTIGIEG J, 1997, J FACULTY EC MANAGEM, V8, P53 CHRISTIANSEN T, 1996, PUBLIUS J FEDERALISM, V26, P93 COHEN R, 1987, POLITICS DEV SECURIT, P212 CONNOR AW, 1994, ETHNONATIONALISM QUE, P208 DUCHACEK IV, 1988, PUBLIUS J FEDERALISM, V18 ERIKSEN TH, 1992, US THEM MODERN SOC E, P24 ERIKSEN TH, 1993, ETHNICITY NATL, P99 FALZON MA, 2001, BANK VALLETTA REV MA, V24, P73 FRENDO H, 1972, BIRTH PANGS NATION M FRENDO H, 1988, BRIT COLONIAL EXPERI, P210 GELLNER E, 1964, THOUGHT CHANGE, P169 GELLNER E, 1983, NATIONS NATL GOFFMAN AE, 1961, ASYLUMS GOTTLIEB G, 1994, FOREIGN AFF, V73, P100 GRILLO R, 1980, NATION STATE EUROPE, P1 HACHE JD, 1998, COMPETING STRATEGIES, P60 HIRCZY W, 1995, EUROPEAN J POLITICAL, V27, P258 HOEFTE R, 1991, EUROPE CARIBBEAN, P71 HOUBERT J, 1985, ROUND TABLE, V74, P146 HOUBERT J, 1992, J MOD AFR STUD, V30, P465 HUNTINGTON SP, 1996, CLASH CIVILIZATIONS, P137 KELLAS JG, 1991, POLITICS NATL ETHNIC KING R, 1999, SMALL WORLDS GLOBAL, P3 LAFFAN B, 1997, EUROPEAN INTEGRATION, V1 LAITIN DD, 1997, POLIT SOC, V25, P277 MILES WFS, 1985, ELECTRIONS ETHNICITY MITCHELL J, 2001, AMBIVALENT EUROPEANS NAIPAUL VS, 1972, OVERCROWDED BARRACOO, P254 PIROTTA GA, 1997, MALTA PUBLIC SERVICE PIROTTA J, 1987, FORTRESS COLONY FINA, V1 PREMDAS R, 1990, SECESSIONIST MOVEMEN, P12 SCHAFFER AB, 1975, DEV POLICY SMALL COU, P25 SCHLESINGER P, 1994, NATIONALISM, P316 STREETEN PP, 1993, WORLD DEV, V21, P201 SULTANA RG, 1994, MALTESE SOC SOCIOLOG WARNES AM, 1998, INT J POPULATION GEO, V4, P113 WEALE D, 1992, ISLAND J, V8, P81 WINCHESTER S, 1985, OUTPOSTS JOURNEYS SU ZAMMIT EL, 1984, COLONIAL INHERITANCE, P41; NR: 48; TC: 3; J9: WEST EUR POLIT; PG: 16; GA: 612ZESource type: Electronic(1
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