316 research outputs found
A comparison of Landau-Ginzburg models for odd-dimensional Quadrics
No full textIn [Rie08], the second author defined a Landau-Ginzburg model for homogeneous spaces G/P, as a regular function on an affine subvariety of the Langlands dual group. In this paper, we reformulate this LG model (X^, W_t) in the case of the odd-dimensional quadric, as a rational function on a Langlands dual projective space, in the spirit of work by R. Marsh and the second author for type A Grassmannians and by both authors for Lagrangian Grassmannians. We also compare this LG model with the one obtained independently by Gorbounov and Smirnov, and we use this comparison to deduce part of a conjecture of the second author for odd-dimensional quadrics
Climacteric fruit ripening: Ethylene-dependent and independent regulation of ripening pathways in melon fruit
No full textCantaloupe melons have a typical climacteric behaviour with ethylene playing a major role in the regulation of the ripening process and affecting the ripening rate. Crossing of Cantaloupe Charentais melon with a non-climacteric melon indicated that the climacteric character is genetically dominant and conferred by two duplicated loci only. However, other experiments made by crossing two non-climacteric melons have generated climacteric fruit, indicating that different and complex genetic regulation exists for the climacteric character. Suppression of ethylene production by antisense ACC oxidase RNA in Charentais melon has shown that, while many ripening pathways were regulated by ethylene (synthesis of aroma volatiles, respiratory climacteric and degreening of the rind), some were ethylene-independent (initiation of climacteric, sugar accumulation, loss of acidity and coloration of the pulp). Softening of the flesh comprised both ethylene-dependent and independent components that were correlated with differential regulation of cell wall degrading genes. These results indicate that climacteric (ethylene-dependent) and non-climacteric (ethylene-independent) regulation coexist during climacteric fruit ripening. In addition, ethylenesuppressed melons allowed demonstrating that the various ethylene-dependent events exhibited differential sensitivity to ethylene and that ethylene was promoting sensitivity to chilling injury. Throughout this review, the data generated with melon are compared with those obtained with tomato and other fruit
Mechanism of Fruit Ripening - Chapter 16
No full textThe fruit ripening process has been viewed over the last decades as being
successively of physiological, biochemical, and molecular nature. Fruit ripening
is accompanied by a number of biochemical events, including changes in color,
sugar, acidity, texture, and aroma volatiles that are crucial for the sensory quality
(Fig. 16.1). At the late stages of ripening, some senescence-related physiological
changes occur that lead to membrane deterioration and cell death. In that regard,
fruit ripening can thus be considered as the first step of a programmed cell death
process. All biochemical and physiological changes that take place during fruit
ripening are driven by the coordinated expression of fruit ripening-related genes.
These genes encode enzymes that participate directly in biochemical and physiological
changes. They also encode regulatory proteins that participate in the signaling
pathways, and in the transcriptional machinery that regulate gene expression
and set in motion the ripening developmental progra
Mutations spatiales de la vigne en Midi-Pyrénées depuis le début du XIXe siècle
No full textVine space changes in Midi-Pyrénées since the 19th century. For two centuries vine has known very great changes in the départements (counties) making up the present Midi-Pyrénées region. In the 19th century it was a major activity in the rural world, under various forms. Yet the crises that became evident since the end of the same century, with the advent of the phylloxera, show its weaknesses. From then on, in the latest decades, this inexorable dwindling is hiding a new composition of the vineyards aiming at quality production. New vineyards are rising, often associated with other agricultural activities.Vine space changes in Midi-Pyrénées since the 19th century. For two centuries vine has known very great changes in the départements (counties) making up the present Midi-Pyrénées region. In the 19th century it was a major activity in the rural world, under various forms. Yet the crises that became evident since the end of the same century, with the advent of the phylloxera, show its weaknesses. From then on, in the latest decades, this inexorable dwindling is hiding a new composition of the vineyards aiming at quality production. New vineyards are rising, often associated with other agricultural activities.Mutaciones espaciales de la viña en Midi-Pyrénées desde el principio del siglo. Desde hace dos siglos, en los departamentos que componen hoy la región Midi-Pyrénées, la viña ha conocido mutaciones importantes. En el siglo XIX, constituye una actividad primordial en el conjunto del mundo rural, bajo diversas formas. Sin embargo, la crisis que se manifiesta afínales del siglo con la filoxera revelan sus debilidades. Nunca recobrará su relevancia anterior. Desde ese periodo, la superficie de las viñas no deja de disminuir hasta hoy día. No obstante, durante las últimas décadas, dicha contracción inexorable encubre la reorientación de algunos viñedos hacia una producción de calidad. Aparecen nuevos viñedo, a menudo asociados con otras actividades agrícolas.Pech Rémy, Tulet J.-C. Mutations spatiales de la vigne en Midi-Pyrénées depuis le début du XIXe siècle. In: Sud-Ouest européen, tome 14, 2002. Les vignobles du sud-ouest européen dans la mondialisation (Coordonné par Jean-Claude Hinnewinkel et Philippe Roudié) sous la direction de Jean-Claude Hinnewinkel et Philippe Roudié. pp. 37-50
Remerciements
No full textNous tenons à remercier personnellement, pour l’aide fraternelle, qu’ils nous ont apportée Alain Boscus, Mme Bouloiseau, Bernard Cousin, Catherine Duprat, Georges Fournier, Martine François, James Friguglietti, Yannick Marec, Monique et Rémy Pech, Mme Péronnet, Claude Petitfrère, Sophie Tubiana, Monique Vovelle. Notre gratitude va également aux institutions suivantes : le musée Jean Jaurès de Castres et le musée Saint-Just de Blérancourt
Bachitherium Filhol 1882
No full textBachitherium indet. MATERIAL AND MEASUREMENTS (in mm). — Right P4, SPV 690: 6.5 × 8.2; a trigonid of a left lower molar, SVP 691. DESCRIPTION AND COMPARISONS Ŋe P4 is smaller than that of Lophiomeryx. Ŋe protocone is crescentiform; the external cusp is massive and provided with a small pillar, while the wing of the parastyle projects labially. Ŋis character set evokes those of the P4 of Bachitherium (Geraads et al. 1987: 53, fig. 6). Ŋe lower molar trigonid differs from that of the Lophiomeryx molar in having a well-developed preprotocristid, approximately symmetrical with the postmetacristid; the metaconid is labio-lingually compressed (Geraads et al. 1987: 59, figs 26, 31). Although the size of these specimens is similar to that of Bachitherium medium Filhol, 1882 (excluding B. insigne Filhol, 1882), the material of Saint-Privat-des-Vieux is not diagnostic at a species level because several lineages of the genus coexist in the middle Oligocene, especially in MP 25 (Sudre 1995: 251, fig. 41). Ŋe last known species of Bachitherium, B. lavocati Sudre, 1986, from Pech- Desse (MP 28a; Blondel 1997) is a smaller form than that of Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Sudre 1986).Published as part of Vianey-Liaud, Monique, Comte, Bernard, Marandat, Bernard, Peigné, Stéphane, Rage, Jean-Claude & Sudre, Jean, 2014, A new early Late Oligocene (MP 26) continental vertebrate fauna from Saint-Privat-des-Vieux (Alès Basin, Gard, Southern France), pp. 565-622 in Geodiversitas 36 (4) on page 608, DOI: 10.5252/g2014n4a4, http://zenodo.org/record/453862
A reliable system for the transformation of cantaloupe charentais melon (Cucumis melo L. var. cantalupensis) leading to a majority of diploid regenerants
No full textAn efficient system of transformation leading to a majority of transformed diploid plants from leaf explants of Cucumis melo L. var. Cantalupensis (cv. Védrantais) was developed. Several regeneration protocols using cotyledon or leaf explants were analysed with particular emphasis on the regeneration efficiency and the ploidy level of the regenerated melon plants. The use of leaf explants excised from 10 day-old seedlings, cultured in Murashige and Skoog's medium supplemented with 1 mM 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 1 mM 6-(g,g-dimethylallylamino)-purine (2iP), resulted in a high regeneration frequency (73%). In these conditions, more than 84% of the regenerated plants were found to be diploid. Addition of an Agrobacterium-mediated transformation step did not significantly change the percentage (81.8%) of diploid plants regenerated. This protocol was successfully used to produce diploid transgenic melon plants expressing the antisense ACC oxidase gene, encoding ACC oxidase which catalyses the last step of ethylene biosynthesis. Ethylene production and ACC oxidase activity of the leaf explants from transgenic plants was reduced by more than 80% as compared to the control untransformed tissues. This transformation/regeneration method could be routinely used for the introduction of other genes of interest in melon
Sondajni razkopki v peshtera Golemi Pech, Obshtina Chuprene (Les sondages à la grotte Golemi Petch, commune de Chuprene)
No full textp.5, 2 fig.Catalogue d'exposition : deuxième exposition nationale « Archéologie bulgare 2008 »In this second National exhibition “Bulgarian Archaeology 2008” is showed the results of the excavations 2008 in Golemi Pech cave. Both test excavations delivered very few artifacts of an Upper or Middle Palaeolithic doubtless dated between 70 and 30 Ky. The upper layers (Holocene) gave us some protohistoric ceramic and interesting layers of sheepfold.Dans cette deuxième exposition nationale « Archéologie bulgare 2008 » sont présentés les résultats des fouilles 2008 dans la grotte Golemi Petch.Les deux sondages ont livré quelques rares artéfacts d'un paléolithique moyen ou supérieur sans doute compris entre 70 et 30 Ka. Les niveaux supérieurs holocènes ont livré de la céramique protohistorique et d'intéressants niveaux de bergerie
Maturation des fruits
No full textDisponible dans des gammes sans cesse élargies, accessible et pratique, le fruit transformé offre au consommateur un grand confort d'utilisation. L'industrie est ainsi devenue l'un des débouchés essentiels de la production fruitière. L'ouvrage Technologies de transformation des fruits, envisage cette évolution dans tous ses aspects : son impact économique , l'adaptation des variétés et des paramètres de récolte qu'elle induit (maturité, détachement, conservation et transport du fruit) , les techniques de transformation qu'elle met en œuvre. Technologies de transformation des fruits, présente un inventaire exhaustif et actualisé des technologies de transformation et de préservation du fruit. Elles sont abordées par technologie et avec une approche véritablement scientifique. La palette ainsi décrite dévoile l'imbrication croissante des techniques nouvelles et traditionnelles et la grande diversité des produits et coproduits obtenus. Les auteurs mettent l'accent sur le fonctionnement de l'ensemble de la filière étudiée , ils soulignent ses contraintes et rappellent les obstacles qu'elle se doit de surmonter : établir une complémentarité sans rivalité avec la filière du frais et répondre à la concurrence internationale. Outil indispensable pour aborder un vaste champ de développement, Technologies de transformation des fruits, s'adresse aux ingénieurs, techniciens, étudiants et à tous les professionnels du secteur. Il leur permettra d'appréhender l'extraordinaire potentiel de cette industrie et le processus d'innovation qui accompagne, voire initie les attentes du consommateur
Bleeding flowers and waning moons : a history of menstruation in France, c. 1495-1761
No full textThis thesis explores early modem perceptions of menstrual bleeding, demonstrating that
attempts to understand menstrual bleeding extended beyond the early modem medical
world and captured the imagination of an entire cross-section of French society
revealing culturally- embedded concerns about marriage, progeny, the family,
patrilineage and state formation.
The thesis draws on diverse sources including medical, casuistic and judicial
texts, court records and private documents. Chapter One outlines the database of
medical texts which forms a cornerstone of the thesis. The database includes texts
printed between 1495, with the French edition of a medieval Latin work by Bernard de
Gordon, and 1761, with Montpellier physician Jean Astruc's treatise on women's
diseases which introduced the term 'menstruation' into French medical vocabulary.
Chapter Two examines medical notions of menstrual bleeding within the context of
attitudes to blood, blood-related fluids and the humoral and mechanical bodies.
Sixteenth-century casuistic interpretations of Biblical taboos surrounding sex during
menstrual bleeding and notions of menses as polluting are cross-referenced with
medical notions of the relationship of menses to conception demonstrating the
overriding concern for healthy progeny. Chapter Three explores the significance of
concepts of time and periodicity, in the context of the merging of blood-related fluids in
the humoral body, as a key to early modem perceptions of menstrual bleeding. Chapter
Four examines early modern debates on the length of gestation and the calculation of a
woman's time on the basis of the monthly menstrual cycle relating these to Sarah
Hanley's model of the 'marital regime'. In Chapter Five, the ambivalent nature of
menstrual bleeding in the medico-legal arena is investigated and the different cultural
meanings ascribed to various bloody discharges emanating from the living female body
are analysed. In the sixth and final chapter the role of menstrual bleeding in issues of
sexual difference and hermaphroditism is discussed
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