50 research outputs found
Chlorotic mottle of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
No full textFor the past years there have been outbreaks of a disease of bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Colombia called bean chlorotic mottle. The etiology of bean chlorotic mottle was not known, but the disease was generally believed to be incited by the same whitefly-transmitted virus that causes variegation in malvaceous plants. The aim of this study was to identify and further characterize the causal agent of bean chlorotic mottle.As from the literature it was not clear which symptoms were characteristic of the disease, firstly a symptom had to be established common to all allegedly bean chlorotic mottle-affected bean plants. This symptom, a sharp mosaic in which the discoloured areas ranged from pale greenish-yellow to bright yellow, was of diagnostic value to detect infected plants in the field. In addition to this sharp mosaic, chlorotic mottle-affected bean plants in the field often showed a host of other symptoms, such as mild mottle, rugosity, leaf curling, malformation, dwarfing, proliferation and witches' broom-like growth. In the same affected population some bean plants showed only the sharp mosaic, whereas others showed additional witches' broom-like growth.Mechanical inoculation experiments conducted with crude sap and partially purified preparations from bean plants exhibiting chlorotic mottle in the field, showed three viruses to be present, viz. bean mild mosaic virus, cucumber mosaic virus and southern bean mosaic virus. By means of differential hosts these three viruses could be separated. Isolates of these viruses were designated BMMV-CIAT, CMV-CIAT and SBMV-CIAT, respectively. Experiments conducted with whiteflies did not reveal the presence of any whitefly-transmitted virus in chlorotic mottle-affected bean plants.BMMV-CIAT, is an isometric particle, 32 nm in diameter, with a single-stranded RNA molecule. The virus is readily transmitted mechanically and its host range is restricted to legumes, viz. Glycine max , Macroptilium spp., Phaseolus spp. and Rhynchosia minima . In P. vulgaris the virus usually causes a mild mosaic which is hardly visible, and in certain cultivars with age, the virus becomes latent. Though affected bean plants grew normally producing healthy- looking pods, flowering and pod formation were usually delayed by about a week under glasshouse conditions. The chrysomelid beetles Diabrotica balteata and Cerotoma facialis were efficient vectors of BMMV-CIAT. The virus is seed-transmitted in beans, percentages ranging from 1.2 to 3.6 in the different cultivars tested. In contrast to many other beetle-transmitted viruses, BMMV-CIAT sediments in sucrose gradients as one particle. The physical and chemical properties of BMMV-CIAT are similar or equal to those of BMMV described by Waterworth et al. (1977). The darkly stained granular material in root cells occasionally observed in the light microscope, proved to be aggregates of virus particles.Cross protection and serological tests showed that CMV-CIAT is related to the CMV-type strain. However, many differences exist between them, the most striking being the ability of CMV-CIAT to cause systemic mosaic in P. vulgaris . The host reactions of CMV- CIAT resembled those of CMV-B 32, an isolate from bean in Spain (Bos and Maat, 1974), but the former had a longer longevity in vitro . Generally, CMV-CIAT induced a yellow mosaic in P. vulgaris , but the symptoms varied greatly in different cultivars. In the cultivars Honduras 46 and Porrillo 1 a sharp mosaic, similar to chlorotic mottle, was produced one month after inoculation with CMV-CIAT None of the bean cultivars and CIAT advanced breeding lines tested were found to be resistant or hypersensitive to CMV-CIAT The virus is transmitted by Aphis gossypii and through seeds of P. vulgaris , Vigna radiata and V. unguiculata 'California Blackeye'. It has poor antigenic properties and is serologically related to CMV-B 32, to a CMV isolate from Yucca (Bouwen et al., 1978) and to the Y-strain of CMV (Scott, 1968). Large inclusions in plant tissues infected with CMV-CIAT could easily be detected in the light microscope.The third virus, SBMV-CIAT, is readily transmitted mechanically. Though the host plant range included mostly legumes, the virus also infected Cucumis sativus 'Ashley'. The virus was more harmful to P. acutifolius , in which it caused severe top necrosis, than to P. vulgaris . Among the cultivars and CIAT advanced breeding lines of P. vulgaris , hypersensitive hosts were found. The virus induced a bright yellow mosaic in G. max . Besides P. vulgaris 'Pinto U.I. 650' other suitable assay hosts for SBMV-CIAT were found viz. Mucuna pruriens and M. utilis which reacted with pin-point necrotic local lesions to the virus. SBMV-CIAT is seed transmitted, the percentages ranging from 3.6 to 33.6 depending on the bean cultivar. Thephysical and chemical properties of SBMV-CIAT are similar or equal to the SBMV bean strain, except for the guanine content of the nucleic acid.An experiment conducted to find out the effect of the above- mentioned viruses alone or in combination with each other on bean plants, indicated that symptoms resembling chlorotic mottle could be reproduced in bean plants by mechanical inoculation with CMV-CIAT alone or in combination with the other two viruses. The vast range of other symptoms sometimes exhibited by bean plants with chlorotic mottle in the field, could also be reproduced by mechanically inoculating the viruses in different combinations at different times after planting of seeds. Witches' broom-like symptoms were produced in bean plants inoculated on their primary leaves with a mixture containing SBMV-CIAT with BMMV-CIAT or with CMV-CIATFrom the present study it is clear that bean chlorotic mottle, as described in literature, is a composite disease caused by a combination of BMMV-CIAT, CMV-CIAT and SBMV-CIAT in which CMV-CIAT is responsible for the sharp mosaic and the other two viruses together are responsible for the additional symptoms like rugosity, leaf curling, witches' broom-like growth etc. Efficient vectors of these viruses are present in the bean fields. Though data are not available for the population distribution of aphids, chrysomelid beetles are present throughout the year in the CIAT fields. Seed transmission of the virus is of considerable epidemiological significance. Infected seeds are vehicles for long distance transport and survival from one season to another, especially in case of BMMV-CIAT, and BMMV-CIAT which have a narrow host range. The diseases caused by the three viruses might be controlled by reducing the number of infection sources and by limiting the spread of the viruses
Competing single-particle and collective states in the low-energy structure of I
No full textTo understand the low-energy structure of the neutron deficient iodine isotopes, lifetimes for the low-lying 9/2+ and 11/2+ positive-parity states in 113I have been measured as τ = 28(4) ps and τ = 3.7(7) ps, respectively. The lifetime for the 11/2− state, which feeds the 9/2+ and 11/2+ states, was remeasured with improved accuracy as τ = 216(7) ps. The reduced transition probability, B(E2) = 32(5) W.u., for the 9/2+ → 5/2+ transition agrees with that calculated within the shell model using a Hamiltonian based on the charge-dependent Bonn nucleon-nucleon interaction. In contrast, the much larger transition probability, B(E2) = 209(39) W.u., measured for the 11/2+ → 7/2+ transition has been interpreted, with the aid of configuration-constrained total Routhian surface calculations, as resulting from a slightly γ -soft rotor with an associated quadrupole deformation of β2 ≈ 0.18. Remarkably similar reduced E1 transition probabilities of 5.5(5) × 10−4 and 4.9(5) × 10−4 W.u. were deduced for the 11/2− → 9/2+ and 11/2− → 11/2+ transitions, respectively, which feed apparently dissimilar but competing structures
Early verb inflection in lithuanian
No full textThe source of the data used in this paper are recordings of conversations with a Lithuanian girl, Rūta. Rūta lives in Vilnius and is the only child in the family. Both parents speak standard Lithuanian without dialectal influences. The recordings were taken on a free basis without a fixed schedule, then transcribed by the mother of the child, double-checked and coded in accordance with CHILDES by the author of the paper. At the moment of writing this contribution the data taken between 1;7-2;5 have been fully processed. Over this period about 34.5 hours of recordings were collected
E3 strength of the 11(-) to 8(+) isomeric decays in Pb-194 and Pb-196 and oblate deformation
No full textThe E3 decays of the 11(-) isomers in the isotopes Pb-194 and Pb-196 have been studied experimentally and evaluated in terms of configuration mixing due to the development of oblate deformation. New results include a remeasurement of the lifetime of the 11(-) isomer in Pb-194 and clarification of the intensities of its main decay branches including the known 496 keV E3 branch. Its intensity is an order of magnitude weaker than previously reported, leading to an E3 transition strength of 29(4) W.u. Limits are placed on possible E3 decays of the 11(-) isomer in Pb-196 to a previously assigned 8(+) two-proton state. Neither the branch, nor the state is observed. An alternative 562 keV transition to a new state at 2630 keV is proposed, with an E3 strength of 26(2) W.u. The approximately constant E3 strength for the range of even-even isotopes Pb190-196 is consistent with an oblate deformation for the 11(-) state of similar magnitude. This is supported by K-constrained potential-energy-surface calculations for the 11(-) and 8(+) configurations.http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000234337400032&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=8e1609b174ce4e31116a60747a720701Physics, NuclearSCI(E)15ARTICLE6null7
The Sunflower, v.47, no.16 (January 8, 1942)
No full textImages in this collection were made from commercially produced and digitized microfilm, may be of poor quality, and will be gradually replaced by copies digitized by Special Collections from original paper copies. Source material held by University Libraries Special Collections and University Archives; processed by the University Libraries Technical Services. Please contact Special Collections at [email protected] directly for help with low quality images.Article(s): Ensign training is offered -- Civil service announces tests -- Blue Key plans after-final fling -- Red Cross unit will be formed in new semester -- New refreshment dispenser installed in science building -- Elliott works in Washington on C.A.A. brief -- Christmas picture designed at university is reproduced -- Heath is to replace Hammond -- First varsity of new year to be January 9 -- Polish folk lore is being recorded -- Semester examinations scheduled for January 19-23 -- Crew seeks chirper -- Comptroller spends portion of vacation in practice blackout -- Pacific coast air schools are closed -- Schedules prepared for night classes -- Art student enlists -- Yule decorations given high praise -- Information posted on graduate study -- Deans to conduct survey -- First aid course to be offered -- Parnassus pix contest nears second deadline -- Students greet soldiers -- Lee outlines seven points for upholding civilian morale / Associated Collegiate Press -- Wright to audit treasurer's books -- Speech league to hold tourney on W.U. campus -- War posters are on display -- W.U. student joins U.S. Coast Guard -- Students prepare schedules -- W.U. art students sell own calendars -- Conservation will be resumed now as it was in World War I -- Summing up a month of war for the United States -- Typed on a Wednesday / Fred Higginson -- Shocking news / Bill Cunningham -- University bulletin -- Shocker shots / McAuley -- E.G. Lange and Paddy have lonliest job on the campus -- Wheaties contest will end Jan. 8 -- Mikesell to lecture -- Psychologist is author -- New hair dryer devised -- America's soldiers -- Shocker grads aiding in war effort -- Famous records used in teaching -- Wichita Police Department makes use of lie detector -- Plants grow in greenhouse despite winter -- Students, graduates announce their engagements and marriages in course of recent holiday season -- Pi Epsilon Delta initiates members -- Roundabout the campus / Cattie Hattie -- Alpha Epsilon to have election -- Y.W. changes meeting -- Marriages continue rapid increase over 1940 record -- Pi Kappa Psi group formed by girls from other sororities -- Music student arranges program -- Webster mothers entertain at tea -- W.U. bookstore is freshly painted -- Choosing candy in bookstore from 75 varieties is difficult -- Red Cross drive soon -- Lorance publishes two poetry volumes -- City college cage title in balance tonight -- Shocker five meet Quakers tonight to defend championship -- Faculty wins 1941 volleyball title -- Bowling teams to clash today -- New athletic director may be named soon -- Frosh prepare for cage squad -- Many sign up for ping pong matches -- Phi Sigs lead in intramural team standings -- Emporia gains win over Shocker team -- Girls must shoot rifle matches today -- Ten-year W.U.-Friends record -- In a Shocker sports corner / Bill Hodge -- Shockers lose at tournament -- Coed volleyball seeking rooters -- History reveals basketball barely missed name of 'box ball' -- Gym shorts / Frances BlumePhotograph(s): Vocalist leaves: Betty Sheridan, the "Chief Betty Officer" of the Varsity Crew, who was moved to Evanston, Ill., thereby creating a vacancy in her former position of vocalist for the organization. p. 1 -- Cadets practice precision flying: Speeding through the air in his low wing monoplane, this Flying Cadet at Randolph Field, Texas, is one of 410 to complete the basic phase of their flight training at the "West Point of the Air." p. 3 -- Sophomore guard: Johnny Hyndman. p. 4 -- Shocker forward: Don Hollar. p.
On polar Legendre polynomials
No full text10 pages, no figures.-- MSC2000 codes: Primary 42C05; Secondary 33C25.-- ArXiv pre-print available at: http://arxiv.org/abs/0709.4537Accepted in Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics.We introduce a new class of polynomials {Pn}, that we call polar Legendre polynomials, they appear as solutions of an inverse Gauss problem of equilibrium
position of a field of forces with n + 1 unit masses. We study algebraic, differential
and asymptotic properties of this class of polynomials, that are simultaneously
orthogonal with respect to a differential operator and a discrete-continuous Sobolev
type inner product.Research by first author (H.P.) was partially supported by Dirección General de Investigación, Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología de España, under grant MTM2006-13000-C03-02, by Comunidad de Madrid-Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, under grant CCG06-UC3M/EST-0690 and by Centro de Investigación Matemática de Canarias (CIMAC). Research by second author (J.Y.B.) was supported by CNPq-TWAS. Research by third author (W.U.) was partially supported by Centro de Investigación Matemática de Canarias (CIMAC).En prens
Two-hole structure outside Ni78: Existence of a μs isomer of Co76 and β decay into Ni76
No full textInternational audienceIn the EURICA campaign aimed at exploration of the Ni78 region, an isomeric state of Co76 has been observed via γ-ray spectroscopy. The nuclei were produced by in-flight fission of a U238 beam at the Radioactive Isotope-Beam Factory. Two coincident γ rays of 192.02(30) and 446.4(7) keV from the decay of a t1/2=2.96(2925)μs isomeric state of Co76 have been observed. The decay of the isomer was assigned to an E1 transition with a reduced transition probability of B(E1;3+→2−)=1.79(16)×10−8 W.u. A β-decaying state with spin-parity 1− and a half-life of 16(4) ms was also observed in the data, and the known state with a half-life of 22(75) ms was assigned to have a spin-parity of 8−. Furthermore, the isomer of Ni76 has been remeasured to 547.8(33) ns giving a B(E2;8+→6+) value of 0.786(5) W.u. A new excited state at 2994.6(5) keV, decaying via a γ ray of 2004.5(4) keV, has also been observed. This is in agreement with either of the predicted 0+2 or 2+2 states. These results are discussed in terms of the shell model and the interaction of the νp1/2 and πf7/2 orbitals
The Sunflower, v.45, no.22 (February 22, 1940)
No full textImages in this collection were made from commercially produced and digitized microfilm, may be of poor quality, and will be gradually replaced by copies digitized by Special Collections from original paper copies. Source material held by University Libraries Special Collections and University Archives; processed by the University Libraries Technical Services. Please contact Special Collections at [email protected] directly for help with low quality images.Article(s): Shockers to make pep trek: Pep clubs charter busses for Winfield booster trip Friday -- All-school convo uses local art -- Journalism prof eats straw hat -- Wilner asks for tryouts on new play -- W.U. is host to home ec convention -- Jackson is new head of Whock, men's pep club -- Physical exams of senior girls set for Friday -- W.U. symphony orchestra will present concert -- Author of 'This is Russia' to be forum speaker -- Finnish soldiers advance faster than reliefers -- Parnassus queen candidate photos to be sent soon -- Dean of Women off to St. Louis for convention -- Sievers offers reading course -- Jardine speaks to farm group -- Elliott will show air film here soon -- Maps reveal variations in municipal land values -- State A.A.U.P. group to meet -- Griffith, former professor of history to operate federal refreshment stand -- Professor to lecture at math convention -- W.U. will enter debate tourney -- Proposition -- Reaction -- Music library is one of state's most complete -- Lieurance says swingtime tunes are not here to stay -- Warner sends dues -- Washington lived for peace -- Air alternates study at night -- Double feature question to get campus hearing -- Leaper to fill French vacancy -- Articles by faculty are being compiled -- University awards three scholarships -- Scientists need research work -- Elliott is speaker -- University of California experiments with cancer -- Christian talks to music group -- Former students of University announce weddings, engagements -- Honorary Colonels will be honored at military ball -- HYM Ball draws 700 for largest crowd in history -- Mixed recreation party held in gym -- Sipple will attend St. Louis meetings -- Snuffer to speak at Y.W.C.A. meeting -- Delta Omega has initiation dinner -- Alpha Gam mothers sponsor review -- Vocalists appear in Sunday recital -- French students arrange luncheon -- Palmer to be speaker at St. Louis conclave -- Kaufman is delegate to educational meet -- Allman to show slides to journalism groups -- Alumnae of Alpha Tau sponsor book review -- Pi Beta Chi Honors new group of pledges -- Sportswear modeled by Kappa Rho sorority -- 'Democracy' is subject of speech by Hillbrand -- Art class hears Davis -- Sportswear modeled by Kappa Rho sorority -- New book for girls written by college men say run in hose is unforgivable -- Shockers to play Winfield, Emporia away from home -- Ravens outplay Shocker quintet in Central tilt -- Gym assistants replace arrow feathers, knocks -- M'Donald presents address on bacteria -- Alpha Gams win game for lead in local league -- Marr announces boxing program to interest all -- Sepmeier will write for German review -- Fencers defeat Friends U. team -- Freshmen rout Hornet seconds -- Shockers smash Washburn squad on Topeka court -- Riflemen defeat women shooters -- Circle hears Spaeth -- Hanson addresses civitans -- Neff announces rifle contests -- Neodesha teachers hear Jardine speakPhotograph(s): Booster backer: Ross Denison, president of the Student Council, has arranged for the W.U. section at the Shocker-Moundbuilder game tomorrow night. The council has arranged for the 12-piece Whock band to accompany the boosters to Winfield. p. 1 -- Whock elects: Howard Jackson, senior, was elected president of Whock, men's pep club, at a meeting Tuesday. He will serve for the remainder of the semester. p. 1 -- Convo chairman: Fred Partridge, senior, is acting as head of the committee planning next Tuesday's 12-act all-student convocation. Forty University students will present the program. p. 1 -- [Harry K.] Lamont. p. 1 -- 'Bill of the Ball': The women not only had to "foot the bills" at the HYM Carnival Ball but Barbara Pohlman, Alpha Tau Sigma, also had to sell many tickets to win the coveted title of "Bill of the Ball" for Bill McAfee, freshman, shown above in his regal splendor. p. 1 -- General Chairman: Dean Grace Wilkie, who is general chairman of the state-wide home economics convention to be held in Wichita March 8 and 9, expects the attendance to reach the 500 mark. Miss Wilkie left Tuesday night for St. Louis to attend the annual meeting of the National Association of Deans of Women. p. 1 -- Home Ec Club head: As president of the campus Home Economics Club, Jane Schnitzler will direct the activities of the club members who will act as hostesses for the two-day convention of the State Home Economics Association and the Kansas Dietetics Association convening in Wichita March 8 and 9. p. 1 -- Griffith operates federal stand: Frances Anderson, University junior, is shown above purchasing a candy bar from Joseph I. Griffith, '22, who is now operating the Kansas refreshment stand in the Wichita Federal Building. Mr. Griffith, who was formerly assistant history professor at the University, was forced to stop teaching due to the failure of his eyes. He has just returned from New York where he as been doing work in connection with the blind. p. 1 -- "Campus Cuties" are named at annual HYM Ball: Before a crowd of 700 dancers, Martha Barrett, president of the Y.W.C.A., presented the 15 "Campus Cuties" with red satin ribbons at the fourth annual HYM Carnival Friday night. Winners of the coveted titles were (front row, left to right) Jim Miller, Mr. Esquire; Sidney Martin, Mr. Executive; Prof. S.W. Wright, Mr. Faculty; Jack Jackson, Mr. Chuckles; Wallas Wilkins, Mr. Collegiate; Tom Cannon, Mr. Blond; and Warren Nossaman, Mr. Caveman; (back row, left to right) Charles Dunn, Mr. Charles Humor; Ross Denison, Mr. W.U.; Fred Wylie, Mr. Brunette; Harold Brown, Mr. Independent; Fred Evans, Mr. Redhead, and Joe Hesse, Mr. Casanova. Not pictured is Meuli Curry, Mr. All-American. p. 3 -- Scoring punch: Ray Kite, sophomore forward from Eureka, scored 16 points in the first game against Emporia. p.
Fortieth Lunar and Planetary Science Conference
No full textSpecial sessions on Lunar Missions, Messenger at Mercury, and Icy Satellites of Jupiter and Saturn were held. This CD-ROM contains the contents, program, abstracts, and author indexes for the 40th Lunar and Planetary Science Conference.sponsored by Lunar and Planetary Institute, NASA Johnson Space Centerconference co-chairs, Stephen J. Mackwell, Eileen StansberyPARTIAL CONTENTS: Equilibrated Aggregates in Cometary IDPs: Insights into the Crystallization Process in Protoplanetary Disks / L.P. Keller and S. Messenger--The Impact Crater Jebel Waqf as Suwwan in Jordan: Effects of Target Heterogeneity and Impact Obliquity on Central Uplift Formation / T. Kenkmann, W.U. Reimold, M. Khirfan, E. Salameh, K. Konsul, T. Lehmann, and H. Khoury--The Dispersal of Pyroclasts from Apollinaris Patera, Mars / L. Kerber, J.W. Head, J.B. Madeleine, F. Forget, and L. Wilson--The Age of the Medusae Fossae Formation: Reassessment Using Lava Flow Cast and Mold Contacts / L. Kerber and J.W. Head III--Possible Liquid-like Water Produced Seepage Features on Mars / A. Kereszturi, A. Horváth, A. Sik, A. Kuti, Sz. Bérczi, T. Gánti, T. Pócs, and E. Szathmáry
