1,721,250 research outputs found
Jarvis, Peter, The Practitioner-Researcher: Developing Theory from Practice. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1999.
No full textDescribes practical (practitioner\u27s) knowledge and the study of it by practitioner-researchers; addresses questions related to how this knowledge differs from and/or is related to theoretical knowledge
Addressing viral risk in drinking water: evaluating the impact of treatment processes in drinking water treatment
Full text linkJarvis, Peter - Associate Supervisor
Singh, Suniti - Associate SupervisorDrinking water treatment is designed to improve water quality, including the
removal of potential contaminants like viruses. Pilot-scale studies can provide
valuable insights into the effectiveness of full-scale treatment processes in
managing viral risks. While traditional water treatment processes are effective in
removing many contaminants, the specific removal of viruses remains a
significant concern. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a 2-log
reduction of enteric viruses from source to tap water. However, the effectiveness
of different treatment processes in achieving this target, especially under varying
conditions, requires further investigation. This study demonstrated that optimized
coagulation, followed by subsequent treatment processes, can effectively remove
Φ-X174 from water, even at high initial concentrations. The results suggest that
conventional drinking water treatment methods can effectively manage the risk
of viral contamination, aligning with the WHO's recommended log removal target.
This study optimised coagulation and conducted challenge trials using a near-
real scale drinking water treatment rig to evaluate the effectiveness of individual
treatment processes and log reduction of Φ-x 174. At a final concentration of 1010
plaque-forming units of Φ-X 174 the somatic coliphage was not detected in the
final water. At a final concentration of 1014 plaque-forming units of Φ-X 174,
coliphage was detected with no coagulant dose but was removed to below the
detection limit for both optimal (10 mg-Fe3+ /L) and sub-optimal (2 mg-Fe3+ /L)
coagulation conditions.MSc by Research in Wate
New insights into drinking water treatment, storage and distribution systems using Flow Cytometry.
Full text linkJarvis, Peter - Associate SupervisorExcessive microbial regrowth in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS)
signifies compromised biostability. In chlorinated DWDS, diminished chlorine
residual and substantially elevated water age or transit times can pose risks to
water safety. This study delves into microbial community dynamics within DWDS
by analysing samples from 119 service reservoirs and 41 water towers across
various water sources for six months (March-September 2021). Using Flow
Cytometry (FCM) to directly measure microbial populations, surface water
exhibited 4-10 times higher microbial loading compared to groundwater and
mixed sources. Among these sites, two distinct microbial water quality
compliance events (detection of culturable coliform bacteria) were identified
through FCM data, each presenting different microbial trends. Factors influencing
regrowth in DWDS, notably water age and free chlorine, were scrutinized.
Elevated intact cell counts were noted with chlorine levels <0.50 mg/L and water
ages surpassing 4 days. Multiple linear regression highlighted temperature as the
prime factor affecting cell counts variability in surface and mixed waters. For
groundwaters, water age was significant, likely due to decreased disinfectant
residuals and minimal treatment of these sources. The Bray-Curtis similarity
index, derived from FCM fingerprints, emerged as a potential metric for detecting
biological instability in drinking water microbiomes. The findings underscore the
necessity of optimally managed DWDS and emphasize the significance of
maintaining chlorine levels, especially at higher water ages and temperatures –
particularly relevant considering climate change. Through FCM and its fingerprint
analysis, a more detailed view of DWDS dynamics is attainable, promoting
possibility for enhanced system control. The implications of this research offering
potential for safeguarding public health, ensuring consistent water quality, and
pathways for more resilient and sustainable water distribution practices. As a
prospective direction for future research, machine learning models could be
developed to predict and classify microbial community dynamics in DWDS using
the rich dataset provided by FCM fingerprints.MSc by Research in Wate
Journal listing and rating: who decides which journals ‘count’? What can academics do?
No full textEditoria
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Widening participation, social mobility and the role of universities in a globalized world
Full text linkEditoria
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