1,720,958 research outputs found
The historic urban landscape approach for cultural heritage management in Kuldiga
No full textKuldīgas vēsturiskajā centrā kultūras mantojums sastopams visplašākajā tā izpratnē. Jau desmit gadu pašvaldība praktizē plānveidīgas kultūras mantojuma pārvaldības aktivitātes, kas pamanītas un atzinīgi novērtētas ne tikai Latvijā, bet arī starptautiski. Tomēr pilsētvide ir dzīva un mainīga, demonstrējot spēju tapt pielāgotai sabiedrības vajadzībām un kalpot tai. Arī kultūras mantojuma aizsardzībai un saglabāšanai tādai vajadzētu būt – visaptverošai, ar ilgtspējīgu vēsturiskās pilsētvides pārvaldību un integrētai vispārējā pilsētas attīstības ietvarā.
Šī pētījuma mērķis ir izstrādāt priekšlikumus Kuldīgas kultūras mantojuma pārvaldības pilnveidošanai, balstoties teorētiskajās atziņās par vēsturiskās pilsētas ainavu kā konceptuālu pieeju vietējo vērtību saglabāšanā. Darba ietvaros noteikta Kuldīgas kultūras mantojuma teritorija un raksturoti tās vēsturiskās pilsētas ainavas galvenie līmeņi. Izrietoši no izpētē gūtajiem secinājumiem, formulēti kultūras mantojuma pārvaldības stratēģiskie mērķi, kā arī piedāvātas tiem pakārtotas rīcības.The cultural heritage present in historical centre of Kuldīga can be observed in its broadest concept. For ten years, the local municipality has practised planned activities of cultural heritage management that have been noticed and highly evaluated not only in Latvia, but also internationally. Yet the city environment is live and changing, thus demonstrating the ability to be adapted to the need of the society and serve it. The protection and preservation of the cultural heritage should be like that as well – it should be all-inclusive, with sustainable management of historical city environment, and integrated in the overall framework of city development.
The aim of this research is to develop suggestions for improvement of Kuldīga’s cultural heritage management that is based on theoretical verities about the historical urban landscape as a conceptual approach towards preserving the local values. In line with this work, the theory of the cultural heritage of Kuldīga has been determined and its main levels of historical urban landscape have been characterized. Based on conclusions obtained during the research, the strategic aims of the management of cultural heritage are defined, and subordinate actions are proposed
Genetic variability of Mycobacterium avium isolates from human and porcine hosts in Latvia
No full textMycobacterium avium kompleksa (MAC) baktērijas dažkārt tiek izolētas no Latvijas plaušu slimniekiem kā fons tuberkulozes saslimšanām. Atšķirībā no tuberkulozes MAC slimnieku epidemioloģiskā izsekošana Latvijā netiek veikta. Tomēr literatūrā tiek minēts, ka kopīgs infekcijas avots var tikt atrasts vidē.
Līdztekus tiek uzskatīts, ka oportūnistiskā patogēna Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) genotipi ir ārkārtīgi stabili vidē. Šie secinājumi ir izdarīti no MIRU-VNTR genotipēšanas – metodes, kuru salīdzinoši stipri ietekmē homoplāzijas efekti. Tomēr vēl jorojām MIRU-VNTR neaizstājama metode daudzu lēni augošu un monomorfisku mikroorganismu pētījumos. Kaut arī līdz šim nekad nav veikta izvērsta homoplāzijas efektu ietekme uz tuvradniecīgām MIRU-VNTR genotipu populācijām, šis rādītājs var būtiski ietekmēt genotipēšanas rezultātu interpretāciju.
Šajā darbā ar IS 1245 RFLP un MIRU-VNTR genotipēšanu ir izpētīta MAC izolātu ģenētiskā daudzveidība starp 43 cūkās un cilvēkos izolētiem paraugiem, salīdzināta genotipu izplatība starp abām izolātu grupām un novērtēta iespēja Latvijā ieviest epidemioloģisku izsekošanu slimniekiem ar konstatētu MAC infekciju. Tāpat šajā darbā ir novērtēta MIRU-VNTR homoplāzijas saistība ar filoģenētiskās radniecības pakāpi, izmantojot teorētisko klonālās ekspansijas modeli, kas imitē M. avium MIRU-VNTR genotipu evolūciju.
Šī pētījuma rezultāti liecina, ka pastāv augsta M. avium genotipu līdzības pakāpe starp laikā un telpā nodalītiem izolātiem, liecinot par iespējamu kopīgu infekcijas avotu. Klonālās ekspansijas simulācijās ir novērots, ka pastāv oscilācijas starp filoģenētiski tuvradniecīgiem genotipiem, kas ir jāņem vērā rezultātu interpretēšanā. Teorētisko rezultātu ticamību apstiprina arī sistemātiski analizēti literatūras dati un Latvijā iegūto eksperimentalo izolātu dati.
Nākotnē ir jāievieš epidemioloģiskā informācija par pacientiem ar MAC infekcijām un jāveic genotipēšana pēc papildus marķieriem, lai noteiktu iespējamo infekcijas avotu plaušu slimību pacientu vidū gan starp cilvēkiem, gan starp cūku fermām. Šī pētījuma teorētiskie rezultāti ir jāņem vērā, interpretējot MIRU-VNTR genotipēšanas datus ne tikai globālu datu analīzē, bet arī ģeogrāfiski un laikā ierobežotos pētījumos.Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) bacteria get occasionally isolated from lung disease patients in Latvia. Unlike tuberculosis, no epidemiological follow-up is done for patients which are identified with non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases. Despite of this, it has been reported in other studies that a common source of infection can be found in the environment.
It is also estimated that genotypes of the Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) species are extremely stable in the environment. Nevertheless, genotyping by eight MIRU-VNTR loci is a useful tool for investigating the genetic diversity of these microorganisms. The major drawback of this method is considerable effect of homoplasy, which may compromise epidemical analysis in global scale. However, until now, no extensive investigation has been performed for clarifying the effects of homoplasy among closely related samples in local scale.
The aim of this study consists of two parts. First - to investigate the genetic variability of MAC isolates from human and pig hosts in Latvia, to compare their epidemiological patterns and to evaluate opportunity of introducing epidemiological follow-ups, targeted to patients with MAC disease. Second - to evaluate the level of relatedness of the homoplasic MIRU-VNTR genotypes in a simulated population which mimics M. avium clonal expansion.
The results of this study suggest that a common source of MAH infection can exist among patients in Latvia. Additional genotyping and information about patients is needed to further evaluate relatedness of isolates and to pinpoint the possible source of infection. It is observed from clonal expansion simulations that strong oscillations are observed in genotypes among recently diverged individuals. The credibility of these results is also confirmed by experimental results from MAC isolates in Latvia as well as the data from literature.
The results of our study should be considered for evaluating credibility of MIRU-VNTR genotyping patterns not only in global scale, as believed before, but also for performing geographically restricted research
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Phenotipic resistance to Pyrazinamide associated with mutations in pncA gene among M.tuberculosis strains in Latvia
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Протеазная активность в крови и эндокринная функция поджелудочной железы у больных с заболеваниями холангиопанкреатодуоденальной зоны и сахарным диабетом
No full text- …
