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    Beliefs and Parareligious Practices in the Perception of a Family with a Disabled Person

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    Both all-Poland research and research conducted by the author shows that despite the great interest in parareligion only few respondents believe in its efficiency. This lack of faith is especially clearly seen in disabled persons, and this is probably because many such persons have already looked for help in unconventional kinds of treatment and after they were disappointed they are convinced that such methods do not give good results. This kind of research should be especially widely popularized, as there are still many people who resort to unconventional methods of treatment in their difficult moments; indeed some of them abandon scientific methods altogether, which, in turn, may be tantamount to rejecting the only chance for being cured

    The Significance of Religion in the Life of a Family with a Handicapped Person

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    Faith in God plays an extraordinarily significant role in the life of handicapped persons and of their guardians. Most respondents treat faith as a support and a source of strength for resolving problems posed by everyday life. The more difficult the living situation caused by the level of the disability, the deeper the trust in God and giving oneself up to Him is. Every third subject of the study indicated that without faith he/she cannot imagine his/her life, and nearly every fifth respondent is convinced that owing to faith the miracle of healing and return to a complete ability may happen. The Holy Mass is a profound religious experience for most of the respondents, giving them consolidation in their difficult living situation. Only few treat the Holy Mass as a habit, a custom, or a thing that is necessary because of the pressure from the people around them. Also the fact that persons with a considerable disability declare experiencing the Holy Mass more profoundly than those whose physical status is decidedly better is an important observation

    Spółdzielnie socjalne wobec wyzwań współczesności

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    In a world torn apart by inequality in income, access to the labour market, etc., it is difficult not to agree with the views of contemporary sociologists, who presented a vision of a society producing excluded people without opportunities for participation in mainstream social life. The idea of social cooperatives, is a sort of antidote to such a state of affairs. The cooperative ownership reinforces the need for mutual assistance, leads to socialization, tends to engage in cooperative activities. Thanks to the social cooperatives, many groups excluded has the ability to social and professional reintegration, becoming the owners of businesses and realistically affect their functioning.W świecie rozdartym przez nierówności w dochodach, dostępie do rynku pracy itp. trudno nie zgodzić się z poglądami współczesnych socjologów, którzy prezentują wizję społeczeństwa produkującego ludzi wykluczonych, pozbawionych możliwości udziału w głównym nurcie życia społecznego. Idea spółdzielni socjalnych stanowi swego rodzaju antidotum na taki stan rzeczy. Własność spółdzielcza wzmacnia potrzebę wzajemnej pomocy, prowadzi do uspołecznienia jednostki, skłania do angażowania się we wspólne działania. Dzięki spółdzielniom socjalnym wiele grup wykluczonych ma możliwość reintegracji społecznej i zawodowej, stając się właścicielami przedsiębiorstw i realnie wpływając na ich funkcjonowanie

    Wybrane determinanty aktywności zawodowej osób z niepełnosprawnością

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    There are so many factors determining the professional activity of disabled people that it would be difficult to mention all of them. In this article, two conditions will be pointed out, namely the internal resources of people with disabilities and the attitudes of the environment. The resources that even disabled people could and should be equipped with during their childhood and youth are of key importance in these people's subsequent social and professional activities. Not less important are the resources derived from the environment in which disabled people live that motivate or discourage them in their search for a job.  O aktywności zawodowej osób niepełnosprawnych decyduje tak wiele czynników, iż trudno byłoby je wymienić. W niniejszym artykule zostaną wskazane dwa uwarunkowania, a mianowicie zasoby wewnętrzne osób niepełnosprawnych oraz postawy otoczenia. Zasoby, w które mogłyby i nawet powinny zostać wyposażone osoby niepełnosprawne na etapie dzieciństwa i młodości, mają kluczowe znaczenie w późniejszej ich aktywności społecznej i zawodowej. Nie mniejsze znaczenie mają zasoby czerpane z otoczenia, w którym osoby niepełnosprawne żyją, a które motywują lub zniechęcają do podejmowania trudu poszukiwania pracy

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    The Process of a Family Adapting to a Child’s Disability

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    A preliminary analysis of the conducted research indicates that the psychosocial situation of a family who has a member with a disability is very difficult and complex. Answers to important and interesting questions asked during the course of empirical research where given by parents and people with disabilities. They presented the image of a family seeking to understand their situation and trying to cope with all kinds of problems. These include such things as finances or professional activity, striving to adapt to the new situation and being strongly committed to looking after a disabled person. Unfortunately, as the research results indicate, caretaking activity is the domain of one person in the family, meaning the mother
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