1,720,975 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Part 2—Cardiac Rehabilitation After an Acute Myocardial Infarction: Timing and Gender Differences in Adherence; Where Do We Stand?
Full text linkCardiac rehabilitation is a beneficial multidisciplinary interventional protocol that improves cardiovascular health and reduces mortality and morbidity rates in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Multiple studies have demonstrated that the implementation of such protocols in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) dramatically improved patients’ outcome. It is unfortunate that in practice, in spite of the advantages of cardiac rehabilitation, this approach is seldom employed. Indeed, only some guidance, such as American College of Cardiology and European Society of Cardiology guidelines, recommends cardiac rehabilitation in their protocols. In particular, the European guideline recommends its early implementation while the patient is still in hospital, whereas the American guideline suggests that it should be approximately three weeks after discharge. In Part 1 of this two-part comprehensive review, we provided a historical overview of cardiac rehabilitation, a detailed examination of each component of the cardiac rehabilitation programme, and its impact on cardiovascular health. In Part 2, the objective was to provide a comprehensive explanation of the optimal timing for the commencement of the cardiac rehabilitation programme, and to elucidate the factors that influence low engagement in such programmes, as well as the gender-based differences in adherence
Part 1—Cardiac Rehabilitation After an Acute Myocardial Infarction: Four Phases of the Programme—Where Do We Stand?
Full text linkCardiac rehabilitation is a well-established multidisciplinary interventional protocol that plays a pivotal role in the management and prevention of future cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular diseases. This patient-tailored approach includes educating patients about their cardiovascular condition and how to control the associated risk factors, an expert-designed lifestyle modification plan that may include exercise, proper nutrition, pharmacological treatment, and psychological support at each step. Exercise training represents a fundamental component of cardiac rehabilitation. It facilitates an enhancement of cardiovascular fitness, a reduction in heart rate, blood pressure and cardiac remodeling, an increase in the left ventricular ejection fraction, the optimization of endothelial function, and a reduction in inflammation and oxidative stress. Moreover, the beneficial physiological changes resulting from cardiac rehabilitation contribute to a reduction in morbidity and mortality in survivors of myocardial infarction (MI). Furthermore, the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines advocate for the initiation of cardiac rehabilitation as early as possible, while the patient who survived MI is still in hospital. This two-part comprehensive review commences with a historical overview of cardiac rehabilitation, followed by a detailed exploration of the four phases of the cardiac rehabilitation programme and its impact on cardiovascular health. In Part 2, the study aims to provide a detailed account of the optimal timing for starting cardiac rehabilitation programs and to examine the factors affecting low engagement in such programs, as well as gender-based differences in adherence
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Biomarkers in the management of acute heart failure: state of the art and role in COVID-19 era
Full text linkAcute heart failure (AHF) affects millions of people worldwide, and it is a potentially life-threatening condition for which the cardiologist is more often brought into play. It is crucial to rapidly identify, among patients presenting with dyspnoea, those with AHF and to accurately stratify their risk, in order to define the appropriate setting of care, especially nowadays due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak. Furthermore, with physical examination being limited by personal protective equipment, the use of new alternative diagnostic and prognostic tools could be of extreme importance. In this regard, usage of biomarkers, especially when combined (a multimarker approach) is beneficial for establishment of an accurate diagnosis, risk stratification and post-discharge monitoring. This review highlights the use of both traditional biomarkers such as natriuretic peptides (NP) and troponin, and emerging biomarkers such as soluble suppression of tumourigenicity (sST2) and galectin-3 (Gal-3), from patients' emergency admission to discharge and follow-up, to improve risk stratification and outcomes in terms of mortality and rehospitalization
Biomarkers of Importance in Monitoring Heart Condition After Acute Myocardial Infarction
Full text linkDespite notable advancements in cardiovascular medicine, morbidity and mortality rates associated with myocardial infarction (MI) remain high. The unfavourable prognosis and absence of robust post-MI protocols necessitate further intervention. In this comprehensive review, we will focus on well-established and novel biomarkers that can provide insight into the processes that occur after an ischemic event. More precisely, during the follow-up, it is of particular importance to monitor biomarkers that indicate an increase in myocardial stretch and stress, damage and death of cardiomyocytes, remodelling of the extracellular matrix, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This enables the identification of abnormalities in a timely manner, as well as the capacity to respond promptly to any changes. Therefore, we would like to highlight the importance of well-known markers, such as natriuretic peptides, high-sensitivity troponins, soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2, galactin-3, C-reactive protein, and interleukins in post-MI settings, as well as biomarkers such as adrenomedullin, growth differentiation factor-15, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7, amyloid beta, vitamin D, trimethylamine N-oxide, and advanced glycation end-products that recently emerged in the cardiovascular filed. The implementation of novel post-MI protocols, which encompass the monitoring of the aforementioned biomarkers deemed pertinent, in conjunction with adherence to established cardiac rehabilitation programmes, along with the already well-established therapeutic strategies and control of cardiovascular risk factors, has the potential to markedly enhance patient outcomes and reduce the elevated level of morbidity and mortality
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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