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Translator's faithfulness in the 21st century: a sociolinguistic view. Tulkotâja lojalitâte 21. gadsimtâ: sociolingvistiks skatîjums
No full textIn this article the author’s intention is to touch upon only some of the aspects characterizing translation as a sociolinguistic phenomenon relevant to translator’s faithfulness. Reduction of thescope of analysis is due to the fact that the problem of relations between translatology and sociolinguistics is considerably more extensive and therefore requires more detailed research producing a quantitatively much bulkier text. An attempt will be made to provide a rather impressionistic contrastive analysis of translation problems appearing in certain pairs of sociolinguistic correlations, such as source/target language and social group, source/target languageand age group, as well as source/target language and gender. In the last two correlation pairs (and episodically elsewhere) translator as a representative of a definite age-bound or gender-bound social group will also be viewed. This method of analysis has successfully been used by the author in his previous publications on the subject (Sîlis, 1999 and 2006), as well as repeatedly applied by the authoritative sociolinguist Peter Trudgill (2001).The illustrative material used in the article comes from author’s own observations of problemsolving cases in translation and interpreting practice cases where Latvian is either the source or the target language, and similar instances analysed in research publications of other Latvian translation theorists.In the end of the discussion part the problem of culture-specific discrepancies of the SL and TL nations, reflected also in the difference of the respective culture of verbal expression, will also be tackled
Translator’s faithfulness in the 21st century: a sociolinguistic view
Get PDFIn this article the author’s intention is to touch upon only some of the aspects characterizing translation as a sociolinguistic phenomenon relevant to translator’s faithfulness. Reduction of the scope of analysis is due to the fact that the problem of relations between translatology and sociolinguistics is considerably more extensive and therefore requires more detailed research producing a quantitatively much bulkier text. An attempt will be made to provide a rather impressionistic contrastive analysis of translation problems appearing in certain pairs of sociolinguistic correlations, such as source/target language and social group, source/target language and age group, as well as source/target language and gender. In the last two correlation pairs (and episodically elsewhere) translator as a representative of a definite age-bound or gender-bound social group will also be viewed. This method of analysis has successfully been used by the author in his previous publications on the subject (Sîlis, 1999 and 2006), as well as repeatedly applied by the authoritative sociolinguist Peter Trudgill (2001).
The illustrative material used in the article comes from author’s own observations of problemsolving cases in translation and interpreting practice cases where Latvian is either the source or the target language, and similar instances analysed in research publications of other Latvian translation theorists.
In the end of the discussion part the problem of culture-specific discrepancies of the SL and TL nations, reflected also in the difference of the respective culture of verbal expression, will also be tackled
Training of translators and interpreters in Latvia
No full textThe article provides a brief insight into the field of training translators and interpreters in Latvia, a European Union member state since 2004. The demand for an increasing number of professionals, being able to cope not only with translation of fiction, but capable to translate and interpret information vital for any independent country, became especially urgent toward the end of the 1980's due to the rapid political and economic changes accompanied by the growth of international contacts. The first training programme of translators and interpreters was started in 1995 and in the next few years was followed by several others. At present translators and interpreters in Latvia are trained in 16 study programmes at 10 higher education institutions (3 universities and 3 university colleges funded by the government, as well as 4 private higher education institutions) - in 7 professional, 5 professional undergraduate and 4 professional master programmes. Doctoral dissertations in translatology at present are written and defended in two of the 3 doctoral programmes in Applied, Comparative and Contrastive Linguistics. After the general survey of the situation in training translators and interpreters in Latvia, the author provides a more detailed overview of the undergraduate, master and Ph.D. programmes of the Ventspils University College
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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