1,721,123 research outputs found
Management of Complex Sleep Apnea Syndromes (Including Treatment Emergent and Treatment Persistent Central Sleep Apnea)
No full textComplex sleep apnea refers to patents with obstructive sleep apnea who develop central apneas on continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). It occurs most frequently during the first initiation of CPAP therapy, but can also evolve later on. The prevalence has been reported between 1.5% and 20%. Complex sleep apnea is a mostly a transient phenomenon. If it becomes chronic, the most applicable treatment options include adaptive servoventilation, BPAP with back-up rate, medication, or supplemental oxygen. However, successful clinical management often needs a multi-modality approach involving all individual aspects of the underlying pathology
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pleural effusion: Malignancy
No full textMalignant pleural effusions arise from neoplastic infiltration of the pleura, and are common manifestations of cancers which arise as a primary tumor of the pleura (mesothelioma) or secondary to primary cancers from other sites. Radiological investigations should always include a staging CT thorax and often will demonstrate pleural nodularity and involvement of the mediastinal border, which is highly suspicious of an underlying malignant process. The diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion is confirmed by the demonstration of neoplastic cells within the pleural fluid or pleural biopsy.Malignant pleural effusions cause significant morbidity, with most experiencing shortness of breath. Management of a malignant pleural effusion is directed against treating the primary malignancy and relieving symptoms caused by the effusion. Removal of the pleural fluid usually will alleviate dyspnea, this can be initially be evaluated with a therapeutic aspiration. Onward management of recurrent pleural effusions includes the placement of an indwelling pleural catheter (IPC), or by drainage of the fluid via a chest drain or thoracoscopy and a talc pleurodesis
Biological therapies for asthma
No full textFive to 10% of asthma patients remain symptomatic and/or have asthma attacks despite adequate inhaled and systemic therapy. Eosinophilic, type 2 airway inflammation is seen in half of these patients with severe asthma. There is now convincing evidence that type 2 inflammation drives susceptibility to asthma attacks and is associated with a good response to biological therapies. Monoclonal antibodies targeting immunoglobulin E, interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-4/13 now have established efficacy in severe type 2 asthma. Novel alarmin-blocking and crystal-dissolving therapies are promising. Prescribing biologics, weaning steroids and treating subsequent exacerbations are rapidly evolving clinical challenges
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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