153 research outputs found
CorpoGrabber
No full textCorpoGrabber: The Toolchain to Automatic Acquiring and Extraction of the Website Content
Jan Kocoń, Wroclaw University of Technology
CorpoGrabber is a pipeline of tools to get the most relevant content of the website, including all subsites (up to the user-defined depth). The proposed toolchain can be used to build a big Web corpora of text documents. It requires only the list of the root websites as the input. Tools composing CorpoGrabber are adapted to Polish, but most subtasks are language independent. The whole process can be run in parallel on a single machine and includes the following tasks: downloading of the HTML subpages of each input page URL [1], extracting of plain text from each subpage by removing boilerplate content (such as navigation links, headers, footers, advertisements from HTML pages) [2], deduplication of plain text [2], removing of bad quality documents utilizing Morphological Analysis Converter and Aggregator (MACA) [3], tagging of documents using Wrocław CRF Tagger (WCRFT) [4]. Last two steps are available only for Polish. The result is a corpora as a set of tagged documents for each website.
References
[1] https://www.httrack.com/html/faq.html
[2] J. Pomikalek. 2011. Removing Boilerplate and Duplicate Content from Web Corpora. Ph.D. Thesis. Masaryk University, Faculcy of Informatics. Brno.
[3] A. Radziszewski, T. Sniatowski. 2011. Maca – a configurable tool to integrate Polish morphological data. Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Free/Open-Source Rule-Based Machine Translation. Barcelona, Spain.
[4] A. Radziszewski. 2013. A tiered CRF tagger for Polish. Intelligent Tools for Building a Scientific Information Platform: Advanced Architectures and Solutions. Springer Verlag
Rozhovor Britských listů 156. Proč lidi milují lživé zprávy? [Britské listy interview 156. Why do people love fake news?]
No full textJan Čulík talks to Roman Máca, from the Prague based think tank Evropské hodnoty (European Values) about why so many people so avidly follow and disseminate fake news and what to do about it
The Peruvian herb with global reach: a bibliometric analysis of lepidium meyenii (maca) research from 2013 to 2024
No full textThis analysis explored the global research trends of Lepidium meyenii (maca) from 2013 to 2024, using bibliometric methods, and explore international collaborations, the evolution of active topics and emerging trends. We utilised various methodologies on the SCOPUS database such as keyword co-occurrence and co- authorship analysis to identify the most influential authors, institutions, and countries, along with the most cited publications in this field. We used Bibliomagika 2.2 and Bibliomagika 1.5 Split for frequency analysis, as well as VOSviewer for data visualization. We also delved into the co-occurrence of different terms connected to Lepidium meyenii (maca) and author keywords within the specified time period. A total of 313 publications were identified, with the most published in 2022, revealing an upward trend in the past decade. China (223 publications) emerged as the leading country in maca research, and the preeminent journal in this field was identified as Andrologia (15 publications). The analysis of keyword co-occurrence highlighted key thematic clusters, with "Lepidium meyenii (maca)," "herbal medicine," "macamides," "antioxidant," and "medicinal plants" as the most prevalent author keywords. Our findings suggest the global reach of Lepidium meyenii (maca) and offer insights into research patterns, the contributions of different countries, influential authors, and active journals. This data serves as a tool for researchers to identify future directions of research in this field
Tradisi Assuro Maca dalam Masyarakat di Kabupaten Gowa; Analisis Hukum Islam
No full textThe main problem of this research is how is the process of acculturation between Assuro Maca and the teachings of Islamic law? What is the process of implementing Assuro Maca in Tanakaraeng Village? How do people view the Assuro Maca tradition? The type of research used is field research or Field Research, namely the author conducts research directly to the location and at the same time the researcher is directly involved with the object studied in the study, this type of research is descriptive qualitative, namely, the research is intended to understand phenomena or events regarding the traditions carried out by Research subjects produce descriptive data in the form of verbal information from several people who are considered more knowledgeable, as well as the behavior and objects observed. The results of this study indicate that the Assuro Maca tradition is one of a series of events that should not be missed, this is a tradition that cannot be denied that it is a cultural product created by Muslims themselves, while the others have no clear origin but all of them. rooted in Islam. This event is carried out as a form of gratitude to Allah SWT for His grace and blessings so that our sustenance will be smooth and never broken, and that's why this tradition also encourages prayer and asks for protection and safety in the world in the hereafter. The implication of this research is to explain the cultural values contained in the process of the Assuro Maca tradition to the people in the village of Tanakaraeng ke. Manuju District. Gow
Investigation of the therapeutic potential of Lepidium meyenii (maca) and synthetic macamides: evaluation of cytotoxic and neuroprotective activities
No full textIntroduction: Lepidium meyenii (maca) is a plant with diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Among its metabolites, macamides stand out as potential antitumor’ and neuroprotective compounds. Glioblastoma (GBM) and Parkinson's disease (PD), two central nervous system (CNS) pathologies, have unfavorable prognoses and limited therapeutic options, representing relevant targets for new compounds. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antitumor potential of fractions of the crude extract of maca root and identify its bioactive compounds, as well as to investigate the antitumor and neuroprotective potential of synthetic macamides. Methodology: The crude extract of maca root underwent bioguided fractionation to assess the cytotoxicity of the fractions, which was tested on rat glioma cells (C6). The metabolomic profile of the fractions was characterized by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS and correlated with biological activity by chemometric analysis. In parallel, macamides were synthesized and their antitumor activity was evaluated in multiple glioma and GBM cell lines (C6, U87, U343, GL15) and in primary astrocyte cultures using the MTT assay. Cell migration (scratch assay), cell cycle (flow cytometry), and PI3K/AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways (Western blotting) were investigated in U87 cells. The cytotoxic effect of macamides on U87 and U343 spheroids was assessed by analyzing cell viability (MTT assay) and morphological changes. Neuroprotective activity was evaluated in cellular models of PD using SH-SY5Y and PC12 cells treated with the neurotoxins salsolinol and dopamine, respectively. Results and discussion: Maca extract fractions reduced the viability of C6 cells (200 μg/mL), and from the metabolomic analysis, the main bioactive compounds correlated with this cytotoxicity were the polyunsaturated fatty acids 9-oxo-10E,12E-octadecadienoic and linolenic acids, in addition to macamide B. Macamides (5-100 μM) demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against all GBM cell lines tested, with high selectivity, since they did not affect astrocyte viability. Furthermore, macamides inhibited the migration of U87 cells, induced cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, and inhibited the PI3K/AKT and STAT3 signaling pathways. The cytotoxic effect was also confirmed in spheroid models by reducing cell viability and altering morphological integrity. In the context of PD, macamides protected SH-SY5Y cells from salsolinol-induced neurotoxicity, but showed no protective effect on dopamine-treated PC12 cells. Conclusion: Taken together, the results demonstrate that macamides are key bioactive metabolites of maca, exhibiting dual therapeutic potential. Their ability to selectively induce GBM cell death by inhibiting crucial signaling pathways and exhibiting neuroprotective effects positions them as promising compounds for the development of new therapies for CNS diseases.Introdução: A Lepidium meyenii (maca) é uma planta com diversas atividades biológicas, incluindo antioxidante, citotóxica e anti-inflamatória. Dentre seus metabólitos, as macamidas se destacam como potenciais compostos antitumorais e neuroprotetores. O glioblastoma (GBM) e a Doença de Parkinson (DP), duas patologias do sistema nervoso central (SNC), possuem prognósticos desfavoráveis e opções terapêuticas limitadas, representando alvos relevantes para novos compostos. Objetivo: Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o potencial antitumoral de frações do extrato bruto da raiz da maca e identificar seus compostos bioativos, e investigar os potenciais antitumoral e neuroprotetor de macamidas sintéticas. Metodologia: O extrato bruto da raiz da maca foi submetido a um fracionamento bioguiado através da avaliação da citotoxicidade das frações foi testada em células de glioma de rato (C6). O perfil metabolômico das frações foi caracterizado por UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS e correlacionado à atividade biológica por análise quimiométrica. Em paralelo, macamidas foram sintetizadas e a atividade antitumoral foi avaliada em múltiplas linhagens de glioma e GBM (C6, U87, U343, GL15) e em cultura primária de astrócitos através do ensaio de MTT. A migração celular (ensaio de ranhura), o ciclo celular (citometria de fluxo) e as vias de sinalização PI3K/AKT e STAT3 (Western Blotting) foram investigados em células U87. O efeito citotóxico das macamidas em esferoides de U87 e U343 foi avaliado pela análise da viabilidade celular (ensaio de MTT) e de alterações morfológicas. A atividade neuroprotetora foi avaliada em modelos celulares da DP, utilizando células SH-SY5Y e PC12 tratadas com as neurotoxinas salsolinol e dopamina, respectivamente. Resultados e discussão: As frações do extrato de maca reduziram a viabilidade das células C6 (200 μg/mL), e a partir da análise metabolômica os principais compostos bioativos correlacionados com essa citotoxicidade foram os ácidos graxos poli-insaturados 9-oxo-10E,12E-octadecadienóico e linolênico, além da macamida B. As macamidas (5-100 μM) demonstraram potente citotoxicidade contra todas as linhagens de GBM testadas, com alta seletividade, uma vez que não afetaram a viabilidade de astrócitos. Além disso, as macamidas inibiram a migração de células U87, induziram parada do ciclo celular na fase G0/G1 e inibiram as vias de sinalização PI3K/AKT e STAT3. O efeito citotóxico também foi confirmado em modelos de esferoides pela redução da viabilidade celular e alteração na integridade morfológica. No contexto da DP, as macamidas protegeram células SH-SY5Y da neurotoxicidade induzida por salsolinol, mas não apresentaram efeito protetor em células PC12 tratadas com dopamina. Conclusão: Em conjunto, os resultados evidenciam que as macamidas são metabólitos bioativos chave da maca, apresentando um duplo potencial terapêutico. Sua capacidade de induzir seletivamente a morte de células de GBM, inibindo vias de sinalização cruciais, e exibir efeito neuroprotetor, às posiciona com
Study of manganese segregation in Mn-doped transparent alumina ceramics
No full textThis work deals with the preparation of Al2O3 ceramics doped with manganese, the study of basic physical and microstructural properties and the description of the dissolution kinetics of manganese in the Al2O3 matrix. Al2O3 ceramics and Al2O3 ceramics doped with 1 and 5 at.% Mn3O4 with different dopant particle sizes were successfully prepared by the slip casting method. The prepared ceramic materials were sintered at temperatures of 1100 and 1150 °C with different dwell times. The density in sintered samples was monitored depending on the preparation parameters and thermal treatment conditions. It was found during the microstructure observation that even at a relatively low temperature, the rapid dissolution of the dopant in the Al2O3 matrix occurred, while in the samples containing 1 at.% Mn3O4, this dopant was already completely dissolved. In the case of samples with a concentration of 5 at.% Mn3O4, a spinel phase was identified in the matrix. In addition, some samples were found to have unreacted dopant particles excreted from the matrix during ceramographic processing. Therefore, the goal of the bachelor thesis could not be completely fulfilled, i.e. the kinetics of dopant dissolution could not be studied for objective reasons
Ravnopravnost in dostojanstvo žene
No full textThe author discusses the question of woman's dignity as a problem inseparably connected by social structure and its continuous processes of (re)production of class and gender unequality. The general feature of past and present societies (and male dominated cultures) is namely the secondclass and subordinated social position of woman, legitimized mostly by her natural« role.
On this basis of the heuristic model, which discovers the connection of class and gender domination, author presents the patriarchal construction of woman's marginality and subordination by help of the image of Virgin Mary (in Slovene society at the end of 19th century). By another's estimation, the latest document of the Catholic Church include similar (basically patriarchal) pattern of woman's earthly behavior; this means that these explanations do not support the structural social changes in favour to the shaping really equal possibility for woman in all main spheres of life
Transparent polycrystalline ceramic materials with cubic lattice structure
No full textThe presented work is focused on the study of the influence of preparation parameters on the optical properties of polycrystalline cubic ZrO2 (stabilized with 8 mol.% Y2O3). Furthermore, the work deals with the doping of c-ZrO2 with TiO2 and its effect on the luminescence properties of ZrO2. The examined samples were prepared by uniaxial pressing (10 MPa), followed by a cold isostatic pressing (300 and 700 MPa), pressureless sintering (1340–1380 °C, 10 min), and hot isostatic pressing (1200–1400 °C, 4 h, 200 MPa). In this work, it is shown that the optical properties are significantly affected by the temperature of the hot isostatic pressing, the thickness of the sample, and also by the wavelength of the incident light. A maximum real in-line transmission of 68.8 % was achieved, which is 90.5 % of the theoretical limit for c-ZrO2 at an incident radiation wavelength of 632.8 nm. A low-pressure infiltration method and a powder mixing method were used to prepare the doped ZrO2 ceramic sample. With doping, the maximum of the excitation spectrum shifted from 295 nm (4.20 eV) for the undoped ZrO2 to 320 nm (3.87 eV) for the doped samples. Doping led to an increase in emission intensity compared to a pure ZrO2 by up to 23 times. The maximum emission intensity at 545 nm wavelength was achieved for samples doped by infiltration method with a nominal 0.1 mol.% TiO2 content
Transparent polycrystalline ceramics at visible and infrared wavelenghts
No full texthis thesis deals with preparation of transparent ceramic sheets made out of sub-µm alumina powder. Green bodies are prepared by ultraviolet (UV) curing of UV curable resin containing ceramic powder followed by debinding of organic parts at elevated temperature. High relative density of green bodies is essential for reduction of shrinkage during subsequent sintering process. Therefore high solids loading dispersions containing > 57 vol% ceramic particles are used. To reach transparent behaviour, porosity within the sheets must be reduced completely. Therefore hot isostatic pressing (HIP) is used as a final operation. Finally, light transmission and hardness measurements are presented. Possibilities of making high resolution microstructures using maskless lithography and some suggestions for use of the UV curing technique for production of complex-shaped 3D structures are briefly mentioned
Sintering of Advanced Cubic Ceramic Materials
No full textThis bachelor's thesis deals with the literature search on preparation of advanced ceramic materials. It compares the sintering and properties of cubic ceramics with ceramic materials with different crystal structures. The experimental section is devoted to preparing tetragonal ZrO2 ceramic (doped with 3 mol% Y2O3) and cubic ZrO2 ceramic (doped with 8 mol% Y2O3). These ceramics were prepared using two-step sintering combining pressure-less sintering with hot isostatic pressing (HIP). The goal was to prepare dense ceramics with homogenous microstructure. Another studied material was Y2O3 with micrometer sized particles. Microstructure and optical properties of studied materials were evaluated
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