1,721,002 research outputs found
Characterization of short pineapple leaf fiber reinforced tapioca biopolymer composites
Get PDFThe development of environmental friendly material, such as natural fiber composites, has been getting more attention in recent years due to increase in environmental awareness of various adverse petroleum-based polymer effects. Among all natural fibers, pineapple leaf fiber (PALF) has great potential as a reinforcement agent because it is low cost, highly available with high cellulose content, and has relatively higher mechanical properties as compared to other natural fibers. Most previous research works had used PALF as reinforcement in non-biodegradable petroleum-based polymers to produce natural fiber composites. However, the starch-based polymer innovation, called tapioca biopolymer (TBP), provides an alternative for biodegradable matrix for the development of environmental friendly composites. Therefore, the combination of PALF and TBP in bio-composites development appears to be a perfect balance between the ecology and economic perspectives. As a new combination, this research was conducted to determine the optimum PALF-TBP composites combination parameters to produce competitive mechanical properties. To produce high mechanical properties, there are four essential considerations in the preparation of composites, such as the manufacturing process temperature, fiber length, fiber composition and treatment involved. The experimental work began with material characterization of TBP and PALF. Then, sample preparation was conducted, which consisted of fiber crushing and sieving, internal mixing, hot press and machining. TBP samples at different processing temperatures (160°C, 165°C, 170°C, 175°C, 180°C and 185°C) were prepared to determine the optimum processing temperature. Also, composite samples with different fiber lengths (0.10-0.50 mm, 0.51-1.00 mm and 1.01-2.00 mm) and different fiber loadings (10%, 20%, 30% and 40%) were prepared to evaluate the effect of varying fiber lengths and fiber loadings on mechanical properties of PALF-TBP composites. On the other hand, three different treatments were selected, which were maleic anhydride polypropylene (MAPP) compatibilizer, maleic anhydride polyethylene (MAPE) compatibilizer and alkali treatment for investigating the treatment effect on tensile properties of PALF-TBP composites. The analyses to determine the entire research objective consisted of thermal properties analysis and mechanical properties analysis. In addition, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was carried out for result validation. Test results established that the optimum processing temperatures for TBP are 165°C to 170°C with the best combination for the development of short PALF reinforced TBP composite was produced by a hot press process, comprising 30% fiber loading and 7% MAPP coupling agent. However, the influence of various fiber lengths of up to 2.00 mm provided no significant influence on the production of maximum tensile properties. The finding demonstrated that the combination of short PALF and TBP had great potential as environmental friendly composites to be an alternative for the conventional polymers in engineering applications, especially in the automotive sector. Improvement of future PALF-TBP composites development, such as the utilization of PALF with higher tensile strength, is expected to be capable of enhancing and improving the present result
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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