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THE IMPACT OF CYBERSECURITY STANDARD GUIDELINES ON THE CULTURE OF CYBERSECURITY
No full textAbstract: This paper examines factors that significantly affect the use of cybersecurity culture by banks in Nigeria. One of these factors was the cybersecurity standard guidelines. This study adopted a quantitative approach to reaching its objectives by using questioner that provides a framework for building hypotheses. Fifty participants from different banks in Nigeria participated in the study. After reviewing several relevant studies, a five-point Likert scale questionnaire was designed to collect the required data, which was analyzed using SPSS. Hypotheses were tested to see which results could then be generalized. The result showed the regression coefficients of the variable cybersecurity standard guidelines explain (79.2%) of the variance in the culture of cybersecurity this interpretation is statistically significant at the level (0.05), and the table shows that the values of the regression coefficients were positive and statistically significant between the cybersecurity standard guidelines and culture of cybersecurity (β = 0.813; t = 26.356; p = 0.000); The square of the overall correlation coefficient R2 between cybersecurity standard guidelines and culture of cybersecurity was (0.792), which means that the independent variable affects 79.2% of the variance in the culture of cybersecurity as the dependent variable. Thus, we accept the H1 hypothesis. The researchers recommend the use of new variables and factors in studying the relationships that affect cybersecurity and studying the extent of culture that people have about this concept in different environments and countries, in addition to different sectors.
Keywords: Cybersecurity Culture, Cybersecurity standard guidelines.
Title: THE IMPACT OF CYBERSECURITY STANDARD GUIDELINES ON THE CULTURE OF CYBERSECURITY
Author: Jamilu Garba, Jasber Kaur
International Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations
ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online)
Vol. 10, Issue 4, October 2022 - December 2022
Page No: 68-72
Research Publish Journals
Website: www.researchpublish.com
Published Date: 26-December-2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7484002
Paper Download Link (Source)
https://www.researchpublish.com/papers/the-impact-of-cybersecurity-standard-guidelines-on-the-culture-of-cybersecurityInternational Journal of Interdisciplinary Research and Innovations, ISSN 2348-1218 (print), ISSN 2348-1226 (online), Research Publish Journals, Website: www.researchpublish.co
Fate of glyphosate herbicide in munchong and benta soil series amended with cow dung and rice husk ash
Get PDFThere is increasing environmental concern on herbicide application in soils due to its
toxic effect on microorganism and contamination of food chain. Glyphosate (GLY) is
one of the most widely used herbicide and its commercial formulations cause toxic
effect to soil microorganism, aquatic habitat and human. Investigation on fates of GLY
is necessary for predicting its bioavailability and possible risk of environmental
pollution. Application of organic amendments increased soil sorption ability for
organic and inorganic pollutants. There is no reported study on the influences of
organic amendments on fates of GLY in Malaysian soils. The present study
investigates adsorption-desorption, degradation and leaching of GLY in Munchong
and Benta soil series amended with cow dung (CD) or rice husk ash (RHA). The
physico-chemical properties of the soils, CD and RHA were analysed at the beginning
of the study. The adsorption-desorption study was conducted on the selected
agricultural waste, control soils, organic matter removed (OM-removed) soils and
soils incorporated with CD or RHA (10: 1 w/w) using GLY concentrations ranged
between 0 and 300 mg L-1. This immediately followed by desorption study which
employed addition of 0.01M CaCl2 for every decanted adsorbent from adsorption
study. The degradation study was carried out using control and soils amended with
10 ton ha-1 equivalent rate of CD or RHA. All the soils were spiked with GLY,
maintained at field capacity and GLY degradation was monitored for 65 days. At day’s
interval, CO2 evolution was determined and on the other hand, extractable GLY
residues were analyzed. Meanwhile, the enzymes dehydrogenase were assayed at the
end of the incubation study. Three set of the earlier mentioned treatments each under
condition of submerged, field capacity and permanent wilting point were monitored
for 65 days to study soil GLY degradation at three moisture level. The column
leaching study was performed by applying stimulated rainfall to GLY-spiked columns
of controls and soils amended with 10 ton ha-1 equivalent rate of CD or RHA at time
intervals. The leachate were collected from each interval after 24 hours of water application and analysed for GLY. At the end of the experiment, each column was
divided into three layers, dried and analysed for GLY residues. All GLY residue
analyses were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography. Results of
the soils analysis show that, Munchong series had high clay contents and it is acidic
in nature which was due to high Al saturation and contents of oxide minerals. Benta
series on the other hand, was sandy in nature and had pH of near neutral. It was low
in organic matter, C, N and P contents but had high CEC compared to Munchong
which was due to its presence of mica and smectite. Chemical analysis of CD and
RHA revealed both to be alkaline and had very low/no heavy metal contents but they
have high content of Fe and Al. In addition to this, CD contains functional groups of
amines, phenols, alcohols alkanes and alkenes while only siloxane, alkanes and ethers
were present in RHA. The BET surface area of CD was lower than that of RHA but
the former had higher internal surface area and both have relatively similar pore
volume and radius. The adsorption study showed high percent (> 85%) removal of
GLY by the adsorbent. The experimental isotherm data generally fitted more to
Freundlich than Langmuir equation. Hence, the adsorption capacities of the adsorbents
were in order of CD (Kf =1.168 mg g-1) > RHA (Kf =1.166 mg g-1). Desorption of
GLY was minimal, indicating it strong adsorption to CD and RHA. Removing natural
organic matter and application of CD or RHA affect the adsorption capacity of
Munchong series. The sorption capacities (Kf) of the different adsorbent for GLY were
in the following order: Munchong (544.879 mg g-1) > Munchong + CD (123.908 mg
g-1) > Munchong + RHA (95.060 mg g-1) > OM-removed Munchong (21.538 mg g-1)
> OM-removed Benta (11.572 mg g-1) > Benta + RH (1.574 mg g-1) > Benta + CD
(1.405 mg g-1) > Benta (1.186 mg g-1). Adsorption of GLY by all adsorbents was
favourable as indicated by Langmuir separation factor, thus, 0.011 < R ≥ 0.910. The
percent desorption of GLY from Munchong series ranged between 0.013% and
2.564% with no desorption from the soils amended with CD or RHA. Meanwhile,
GLY desorption from different samples of Benta series ranged between 8.10 and
14.57%. The GLY degradation occurred under natural attenuation but addition of CD
and RHA stimulate microbial degradation of GLY in Munchong series while their
addition showed low GLY degradation in Benta. The degradation in both soils
occurred in two phase; initial rapid phase for the compound in solution and the final
slow phase for the adsorbed compound. The GLY degradation data was fitted to first
order exponential decay model. Munchong degradation data fitted more (0.007 < r2 ≥
0.993) to this model than Benta (0.371 < r2 ≥ 0.757). There was higher rate of decay
constant (k) for solution phase (0.0371 < k1 ≥ 0.0688) compared to sorbed phase
(0.0064 < k2 ≥ 0.0475) from both soils. The half-life of GLY in Munchong from
control and amended soil was less than 22 days for both solution and sorbed phase
except for sorbed phase of Munchong amended with RHA which had 108.308 days.
Similarly, the half-life of GLY in Benta from control and amended soil ranged from
11.476 – 41.506 days for both solution and sorbed phases. Application of GLY was
shown to increase microbial respiration in Munchong while the reverse was observed
in Benta hence suggesting its toxicity in the latter. The TPF concentration from control
of both soils was higher compared to the treated samples indicating toxicity of GLY
to soil enzyme dehydrogenase. Glyphosate was shown to rapidly degrade at field
capacity in Munchong from both control and amended soils. But condition of
permanent wilting points hasten GLY degradation in Benta soil applied with CD or
RHA. Application of CD or RHA did not increased (p > 0.05) GLY leaching in both soils. However, more GLY residual concentration was obtained in both leachate from
the soils amended with these agricultural waste, indicating their influence on
increasing GLY mobility. The result of post-leaching GLY residue analysis showed
its high contents at the top layer of both soils hence suggesting its low mobility in
these soils even with the addition of CD or RHA. The present study therefore
recommend the application of CD at the rate of 10 t ha-1 for soil GLY remediation
considering its physico-chemical composition and more influence on adsorption and
degradation compared to RHA. In addition to this, field capacity was recommended
as appropriate soil moisture condition for enhanced GLY degradation. Field trial is
also recommended to validate the present laboratory result
Isolation of Pathogenic Bacteria on injury site of the Skin and the assessment of antimicrobial resistance pattern among patients living in Birnin Kebbi city, Kebbi State Nigeria
Get PDFThis study was carried out with the aim of isolating bacterial pathogens from wound infection as well as assessing the antimicrobial resistance pattern, with emphasis of assessing multiple drugs resistance pathogenic bacteria. Random sampling techniques was used to generate Data of detecting pathogens and their antimicrobial resistivity of the bacterial pathogens species in infected wounds specimens including buruli ulcer, watery substances derided tissues, aspirates and swabs received from people living with wounds around Birnin kebbi city, from September 2021 to January 2022). Out of sixty two (62) samples of wound swabs that was investigated through Microscopy, Culturing,and Sensitivity for Microbiological assessment of Bacterial pathogens from wound infection. 46(75.85%) shows bacterial growth and 16(24.1%) of the samples turns out to be negative (no growth of bacterial pathogens was observed). Bacterial pathogens isolated from specimens, 17 (27.4%) indicates the growth of S. aureus, 10(16.1%) indicates E. coli growth, 8( 12.9%) indicates growth of pseudomonas spp, 3(4.8%) for Klebsiella spp, 3(4.8%) for Proteus 1(1.6%) for Stresptococcus spp , 1(1.6%) for Enterobacter spp, and 3(4.8%) for Citrobacter spp. Wound infection according to gender , out of the sixty two (62) samples, Male patients recorded the highest with 36( 58.0%) of bacterial growth followed by 26(41.9%) indicating the bacterial growth for the female patients. The bacterial isolated from wound include Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, pseudomonas, Enterobacter are resistance to Amoxicillin while Proteus, Citrobacter, E. coli and Enterobacter were highly resistant to Pefloxacin and Cefotaxime. The treatment of wound infection with antibiotics without completing the dosage results to the transformation of certain bacterial to secret enzymes that will be inactivating antimicrobial substance enabling the growth certain organisms
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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