1,721,070 research outputs found
sj-pdf-1-ccx-10.1177_10732748211039758 – Supplemental Material for Effects of Positive Hepatitis B Core Antibody and Metabolic Disorders in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an Endemic Area of Hepatitis B Virus
No full textSupplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ccx-10.1177_10732748211039758 for Effects of Positive Hepatitis B Core Antibody and Metabolic Disorders in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in an Endemic Area of Hepatitis B Virus by Hae Lim Lee, Si Hyun Bae, Jaejun Lee, Pil Soo Sung, Sung Won Lee, Jeong Won Jang, Jungmin Lee, Jong Young Choi, Nam Ik Han and Seung Kew Yoon in Cancer Control</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
과냉각 재액화 시스템 적용에 따른 액화가스운반선의 효율 향상에 대한 해석적 연구
Full text link학위논문(박사) -- 서울대학교대학원 : 공과대학 조선해양공학과, 2024. 2. Youngsub Lim.Advanced process design of subcooling re-liquefaction system for the liquefied gas carrier Jaejun Lee Dept. of Naval Architecture & Ocean Engineering The Graduate School Seoul National University By strengthening the International Maritime Organizations strategies for greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050, the energy demands of natural gas (NG), which acts as a transitional energy source for the ways to net zero emission society, will peak in 2030. Additionally, the transportation of carbon dioxide (CO2) captured from the production process of carbon neutral fuels such as blue hydrogen or from exhaust gas generated after the combustion of fossil fuel is expected to increase marginally until 2050. To transport large amounts of natural gas and carbon dioxide to the various regions, the method of ship transportation in the liquid phase is evaluated as the most economical way. To maximize transportation capacity of a liquid cargo carrier, the re-liquefaction system must be considered. This study suggests a new LNG subcooling system combined with a mixed refrigerant cycle (MR-SLNG), which can significantly increase re-liquefaction performance. For the transportation of liquefied CO2 (LCO2), the optimized storage pressure condition of LCO2 is analyzed, and the subcooling system is proposed for the first time in an LCO2 re-liquefaction system. The results of LNG re-liquefaction system show that the coefficient of performance (COP) of the system is improved by 2.5 times compared to that of the conventional LNG subcooling system based on a reverse Brayton cycle (RBC-SLNG). The results of the LCO2 re-liquefaction system show that the suggested LCO2 subcooling system has lower specific energy consumption, which means it is more efficient than conventional LCO2 re-liquefaction systems, even with a simpler configuration. At 15 bar of storage pressure, the LCO2 subcooling system has a lower specific energy consumption of 176.91 kJ/kg, which is 18.2 % and 5.3 % lower than that of the Linde–Hampson cycle and vapor-compression refrigeration cycle using NH3 as a refrigerant, respectively. In addition to the re-liquefaction performance improvement, economic benefits can be obtained by applying a subcooling system. MR-SLNG can be designed more compactly because the volumetric flowrate of the refrigerant compressor is decreased to 10% of the conventional subcooling system (RBC-SLNG), which brings additional benefits to the ship design. For the LCO2 carrier, the boil-off CO2 (BOGCO2) compressor is not required and can be removed in an LCO2 subcooling system. By considering the CO2 re-liquefaction performance and the design constraints of the LCO2 cargo tanks, 15 bar LCO2 storage conditions with a subcooling system are considered the most economical LCO2 carrier design. Consequently, the subcooling system can be an attractive solution for industrial fields that store and utilize the low-temperature liquid cargo because of its improved performance and features that ensure the operational flexibility of the liquid cargo handling system.
Keyword: Subcooling system, Mixed refrigerant cycle, Re-liquefaction performance, Natural gas, Carbon dioxide
Student Number: 2021-355942050년까지의 온실가스 규제가 배출 제로의 단계로 강화됨에 따라 청정에너지시대로의 전환에너지로 평가받고 있는 천연가스의 수요는 2030년까지 증가될 예정이다. 또한 블루 수소와 같은 탄소중립 연료의 생산 및 화석연료의 연소를 통해 발생되는 배기가스에서 포집되는 이산화탄소의 운송량은 크게 증가할 예정이다. 천연가스와 이산화탄소를 다양한 지역에 효과적으로 운반하기 위해서는 액화 후 선박으로의 수송이 가장 경제적인 방법으로 평가되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 혼합 냉매 사이클을 적용한 과냉각 시스템을 제안하였으며, 이로 인해 재액화성능이 크게 개선되는 것을 확인하였다. 액화 이산화탄소 운반선의 경우, 최적 저장압력을 평가하고 이산화탄소 과냉각 시스템을 이산화탄소 재액화 시스템으로 최초 제안하였다. 액화천연가스 재액화 시스템의 분석결과 혼합 냉매 재액화 사이클을 과냉각 시스템에 적용함에 따라 기존 reverse Brayton 사이클 기반의 과냉각 시스템 성능 대비 약 2.5배 개선된 성능을 확인할 수 있었다. 액화 이산화탄소의 재액화 시스템 분석결과 과냉각 시스템이 더욱더 간단한 시스템 구성을 가짐에도 불구하고 더 개선된 재액화성능을 가지는 것을 확인하였다. 15 바 액화 이산화탄소 저장압력조건에서 이산화탄소 과냉각 시스템은 Linde–Hampson 재액화 사이클대비 18.2 %, 암모니아 독립 재액화 시스템 대비 5.3 % 개선된 재액화 성능을 가지는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 재액화 성능 개선효과와 더불어 과냉각 시스템을 적용함에 따라 경제적인 효과도 얻을 수 있다. 혼합 냉매 과냉각 시스템의 경우 과냉각 시스템에 활용되는 압축기의 유량이 기존 대비 1/10로 줄어들기 때문에 공간활용도가 높게 설계될 수 있으며 이는 선박의 장비배치 관점에서 큰 장점을 가질 수 있다. 액화 이산화탄소 운반선의 경우 과냉각 시스템이 적용됨에 따라 증발가스 압축기가 제거될 수 있기 때문에 경제적인 설계가 가능하다. 이산화탄소 재액화 시스템의 성능과 액화 이산화탄소 저장탱크의 설계 기준을 고려하였을 때 15 바 저장압력조건에서 과냉각 시스템을 적용하는 것이 가장 경제적인 액화 이산화탄소 운반선의 설계임을 확인하였다. 결과적으로 과냉각 시스템은 개선된 시스템 성능과 액체화물의 관리 측면에서 운전 유연성을 보장하는 특징을 가지고 있으며, 이는 저온 액체 화물을 저장하고 운용하는 산업영역에서 매력적인 시스템으로 제안될 수 있다.
주요어: 과냉각 시스템, 혼합 냉매 사이클, 재액화 시스템, 천연 가스, 이산화탄소
학번: 2021-35594Abstract i
Table of Contents iii
List of Tables v
List of Figures vii
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
1.1. Future energy demands in the era of NZE 1
1.2. Re-liquefaction system in current LNG and LCO2 carrier 5
1.3. Re-liquefaction system performance by considering flash gas generation . 7
1.4. Purpose of Research 11
Chapter 2. Backgrounds 14
2.1. System configuration of LNG carrier and LNG re-liquefaction process 14
2.2. System configuration of LCO2 carrier and CO2 re-liquefaction process 21
2.3. Type of re-liquefaction system 29
2.4. Methods of process optimization 37
2.5. Design guideline of hazardous area for liquid gas carrier 41
Chapter 3. Modeling of re-liquefaction system 45
3.1. Boundary conditions 47
3.2. Process description 50
3.3. Design variables for system optimization 62
3.4. Evaluation of the re-liquefaction system efficiency 66
3.5. Methods of optimization 71
Chapter 4. Results and discussion 78
4.1. BOG re-liquefaction performance by considering flash gas generation in LNG re-liquefaction system 78
4.2. LNG subcooling system performance by applying a mixed refrigerant 82
4.3. Re-liquefaction performance of BOGCO2 re-liquefaction system depending on the LCO2 storage pressure and type of re-liquefaction system 94
4.4. Re-liquefaction performance considering SLCO2 96
Chapter 5. Conclusion 113
5.1. Performance analysis results for LNG re-liquefaction system 113
5.2. Performance analysis results for CO2 re-liquefaction system 115
Chapter 6. Future works 116
6.1. CO2 re-liquefaction system considering impurity of liquid CO2 116
6.2. Opportunities by applying subcooling system to other liquid cargo containment system 120
Nomenclature 123
Bibliography 125
Abstract in Korean 137박
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
