52,995 research outputs found
Discovery of a novel site of opioid action at the innate immune pattern-recognition receptor TLR4 and its role in addiction
No full textAlso cited as: Neuroimmune signaling in drug actions and addictions, 2014 / C. Cui, D. Shurtleff, R. Adron Harris (eds.), Ch.6 pp. 129–163Abstract not availableJonathan Henry W. Jacobsen, Linda R. Watkins, Mark R. Hutchinso
G. Gosselin, Le changement social et les institutions du développement dans une population réfugiée. E. Yalan, C. Finkel, L. Guttman, C. Jacobsen, The Modernization of Traditional Agricultural Villages. Minority Villages in Israel.
No full textPéchoux Pierre-Yves. G. Gosselin, Le changement social et les institutions du développement dans une population réfugiée. E. Yalan, C. Finkel, L. Guttman, C. Jacobsen, The Modernization of Traditional Agricultural Villages. Minority Villages in Israel. . In: Études rurales, n°67, 1977. pp. 125-126
G. Gosselin, Le changement social et les institutions du développement dans une population réfugiée. E. Yalan, C. Finkel, L. Guttman, C. Jacobsen, The Modernization of Traditional Agricultural Villages. Minority Villages in Israel.
No full textPéchoux Pierre-Yves. G. Gosselin, Le changement social et les institutions du développement dans une population réfugiée. E. Yalan, C. Finkel, L. Guttman, C. Jacobsen, The Modernization of Traditional Agricultural Villages. Minority Villages in Israel. . In: Études rurales, n°67, 1977. pp. 125-126
Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) epleri Oyewo et Jacobsen
No full textPolypedilum (Pentapedilum) epleri Oyewo et Jacobsen (Figs 16–17) Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) epleri Oyewo et Jacobsen, 2007: 225. Material examined. USA: Florida, Everglades National Park, holotype male, reared from larva, 14.i.1999, D. A. Levitis (NMNH); Florida, Everglades National Park, female allotype reared from larva, 14.i.1999, D. A. Levitis; Florida, Everglades National Park, 5 males, 4 females, 10 pupae, 11 larvae paratypes, 28.x.1998, 14.i.1999, C. L. de la Rosa & R. E. Jacobsen; Florida, Highland County, Kissimmee River, Riverwoods Biological Field station, 7 males, 6 females, 4 pupae, 12 larvae paratypes, 24.vii.1998, 30.vii.1998, C. L. de la Rosa; Ohio, Camden Lake, 5 males, 3 females, 4 pupae, 10 larvae paratypes, 4.x.1986, 21.vi.1987, 27.viii.1988, 6.viii.1989, 9.ii.1989, 20.ix.1990, M. Bolton (ZXMBN) Diagnostic characters. The species differs from other species with numerous macrotrichia on the wing, uniformly colored abdomen, and spur on the foretibia except P. (Pe.) tritum by having a microtrichiose base of the superior volsella. It differs from P. (Pe.) tritum by having a lower base of the superior volsella and slightly lower antennal ratio (0.9–1.2 as opposed to about 1.6). The pupa is distinguished from Nearctic and western Palaearctic Polypedilum species including P. (Pe.) tritum by having 7 branches in the thoracic horn, shagreen on tergite IV – VI separated into 4 fields, with median field entirely separated from anterior band and with paired posterolateral fields as well having spines on conjunctives III / IV and IV / V. Larvae can be distinguished from other known Polypedilum larvae by a 16 toothed mentum with the second laterals slightly longer and wider than the median and first laterals. Distribution. This species is known from Florida and Ohio, USA.Published as part of Oyewo, Emmanuel Adeoye & Saether, Ole A., 2008, Revision of Polypedilum (Pentapedilum) Kieffer and Ainuyusurika Sasa et Shirasaki (Diptera: Chironomidae), pp. 1-145 in Zootaxa 1953 on page 5
The influence of fluid shear on the structure and material properties of sulphate-reducing bacterial biofilms
No full textBiofilms of sulphate-reducing Desulfovibrio sp. EX265 were grown in square section glass capillary flow cells under a range of fluid flow velocities from 0.01 to 0.4 m/s (wall shear stress, tau(w), from 0.027 to 1.0 N/m(2)). In situ image analysis and confocal scanning laser microscopy revealed biofilm characteristics similar to those reported for aerobic biofilms. Biofilms in both flow cells were patchy and consisted of cell clusters separated by voids. Length-to-width ratio measurements (l(c):w(c)) of biofilm clusters demonstrated the formation of more "streamlined" biofilm clusters (l(c):w(c)=3.03) at high-flow velocity (Reynolds number, Re, 1200), whereas at low-flow velocity (Re 120), the l(c):w(c) of the clusters was approximately 1 (l(c):w(c) of 1 indicates no elongation in the flow direction). Cell clusters grown under high flow were more rigid and had a higher yield point (the point at which the biofilm began to flow like a fluid) than those established at low flow and some biofilm cell aggregates were able to relocate within a cluster, by travelling in the direction of flow, before attaching more firmly downstream
Erratum to: Effect of moderate red wine intake on cardiac prognosis after recent acute myocardial infarction of subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (Diabetic Medicine, (2006), 23, 9, (974-981), 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2006.01886.x)
No full textIn an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola.In an article by Marfella et al, the author name C. Saron is incorrect and should be listed as C. Sardu. Therefore the correct author list is: R. Marfella, F. Cacciapuoti, M. Siniscalchi, F. C. Sasso, F. Marchese, F. Cinone, E. Musacchio, M. A. Marfella, L. Ruggiero, G. Chiorazzo, D. Liberti, G. Chiorazzo, G. F. Nicoletti, C. Sardu, F. D'Andrea, C. Ammendola, M. Verza and L. Coppola
Cisgenesis: an important sub-invention for traditional plant breeding companies
No full textModern plant breeding is highly dependent on new technologies to master future problems. More traits have to be combined, frequently originating from wild species. Traditional breeding is connected with linkage drag problems. The crop plant itself and its crossable species represent the traditional breeders gene pool. GM-breeding is a new way of improving existing varieties. Transgenes originate from non-crossable species and are representing a new gene pool. For release of GM-plants into the environment and onto the market in Europe Directive 2001/18/EC has been developed, primarily based on GM-technology and not on gene source. In society, opposition against GM crops is complicating the implementation of GM crops. In this paper, it is shown that not only transgenes, representing a new gene pool but also cisgenes and intragenes are available, representing the breeders gene pool. Cisgenes are natural genes and intragenes are composed of functional parts of natural genes from the crop plant itself or from crossable species. Cisgenesis is the combined use of only cisgenes with marker-free transformation, mimicking linkage drag free introgression breeding in one step. Therefore, cisgenesis is a new sub-invention in the traditional breeding field and indicates the need for reconsideration of GM Directives. Inventions are frequently containing not only hardware elements, but also software and orgware elements. For cisgenesis it is foreseen that the technical (hardware) and bioinformatic (software) elements will develop smoothly, but that implementation in society is highly dependent on acceptance and regulations (orgware). It could be made in a step by step approach by specific crop-gene derogations from the Directive, followed by adding cisgenesis to annex 1b of Directive 2001/18/EC for exemption. At present GM crops can only be introduced by large companies. An open innovation approach for cisgenesis by public private partnership including traditional SMEs has been discussed. Cisgenesis has been exemplified for resistance breeding of potato to Phytophthtora infestans
A Facile Approach toward 8-O-4'-Neolignans: Synthesis of Threo-7',8'-Dihydromachilin D through Jacobsen Epoxidation
No full text Neolignans are natural phenylpropanoid dimers with C-O-C linkages. Currently, neolignans remain as important synthetic targets due to their reported biological potential against parasites and fungal infections. Thereof, a new approach for the synthesis of the 8-O-4'-neolignan 7',8'-dihydromachilin D based on Jacobsen epoxidation as key step is described here. This stereoselective synthesis proceeded in only 4 steps in 3.9% overall yield. Jacobsen epoxidation was firstly optimized regarding to yield and enantioselectivity employing trans-stilbene as model substrate
Afroedura rondavelica Jacobsen, Kuhn, Jackman & Bauer, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textAfroedura rondavelica sp. nov. (Fig. 9 C) Unnamed taxon, Jacobsen 1997 Holotype. TM 81238, adult male, Blyde River Nature Reserve, 24 ° 34 ' S, 30 ° 50 ' E, Pilgrim’s Rest District (2430 DB), Mpumalanga Province, Republic of South Africa, collector N. H. G. Jacobsen, 18 December 1991. Paratype. TM 81237, same data as for holotype. Etymology. The name refers to the ‘Three Rondavels,’ prominent mountain peaks in the Blyde River Nature Reserve with the appearance of round thatch roofed huts (= rondavels). The specimens were collected on cliff faces of one of these. Diagnosis. A mid-sized Afroedura (to 55 mm SVL) differing from all other congeners by the following combination of characters: two pairs of enlarged subdigital lamellae per digit; tail cylindrical, weakly verticillate, with four subcaudal rows and seven supracaudal rows per verticil; dorsal scales smooth, 99–100 scale rows at midbody; a single internasal scale separating the nasorostrals; 7–9 precloacal pores in males. Description. (based on holotype TM 81238) Adult male; 51.0 mm SVL; TailL 61.0 mm; mass in life 2.4 g. Head and body elongated and dorsoventrally depressed. Tail slightly flattened at base, thereafter cylindrical and tapered. Head ovate and much broader than neck. Rostral approximately twice as broad as high. Nostril pierced between rostral, first upper labial and three nasal scales. Nasorostrals large, raised and separated by a single granular scale behind rostral. Scales on snout large, becoming smaller posteriorly. Eleven scales between nasals and eye and 23 between eye and ear. Two to three supraciliary spines. Supralabials eight. Mental wedge-shaped, much broader than deep and in contact with two postmentals. Infralabials seven. Dorsal granules smooth, rounded and more or less homogeneous, juxtaposed but becoming oblique laterally and subimbricate. Midbody scales in 99 rows. Ventral scales smooth, imbricate and almost hexagonal, with thin margins. Limbs relatively slender; digits with two pairs of scansors; eight enlarged inferomedian scales under the fourth toe. Seven continuous precloacal pores arranged in a ‘V’-shape. Tail mostly cylindrical, only faintly verticillate with 7–8 dorsal and four ventral rows per verticil. Supracaudals square to rectangular and subimbricate; subcaudals imbricate, mostly squarish, with rounded to pointed posterior margins. Two postcloacal spurs on either side of tail base. Color. Dorsally pale brown to gray-brown with six dark crossbands extending from the crown of the head to the sacrum. Posterior margin of crossbands edged with white. Crown of head similar to the back, bordered laterally by a dark brown stripe extending from the nostrils through the eye and continuous with the occipital bar. Limbs lightly barred with brown with irregular dorsal blotches between the crossbars. Eleven blackish dorsal crossbars extend down the length of the tail. Proximal bars posteriorly edged with white, fading distally. Venter pinkish off-white. Variation. The sole paratype, TM 81237, another adult male is larger than the holotype (55.0 mm SVL; TailL 68.0 mm). It differs in having 23 scales between eye and ear, 3-4 supraciliary spines, nine supralabials, eight infralabials; 100 midbody scale rows; seven enlarged inferomedian scales under the fourth toe; nine precloacal pores in a shallow forward-directed curve (four left, five right), and three enlarged postcloacal spurs at base of tail. Distribution. Apparently restricted to the Three Rondavels in the Blyde River Nature Reserve (Fig. 6). Natural history. This gecko appears to be a cliff dweller, inhabiting horizontal and vertical crevices in sandstone near the base of cliffs. Appears to be gregarious based on the amount of feces observed, but the two individuals collected were solitary in crevices along south-facing cliffs. Occurs in Northern Escarpment Quartzite Sourveld (GM 23) (Mucina & Rutherford 2006) at an elevation of 1300 m a.s.l. Remarks. Afroedura rondavelica sp. nov. was not sampled in our genetic analyses, chiefly because of the difficulty in accessing the type locality. Jacobsen (1997) noted the existence of the Three Rondavels population of Afroedura, but did not mention its assignment to species complex. However, its weakly verticillate tail, smooth dorsal scales, and internasal as well as its geographic position suggest that it is allied to A. marleyi, A. maripi sp. nov. and A. pongola sp. nov. It may be distinguished from these taxa by its much lower precloacal pore counts (see Remarks under A. pongola sp. nov.). It is also smaller and less stocky than its nearest neighbour, A. maripi sp. nov., and lacks the olive-brown, velvety appearance of that species.Published as part of Jacobsen, Niels H. G., Kuhn, Arianna L., Jackman, Todd R. & Bauer, Aaron M., 2014, A phylogenetic analysis of the southern African gecko genus Afroedura Loveridge (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with the description of nine new species from Limpopo and Mpumalanga provinces of South Africa, pp. 451-501 in Zootaxa 3846 (4) on pages 482-483, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/25049
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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