1,720,961 research outputs found
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest : a study on factors associated with cardiopulmonary resuscitation, early defibrillation and survival
No full textCardiac disease is the most common cause of mortality in the Western World and the majority of these cardiac deaths is due to out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). In Sweden, an estimated 5,000-10,000 people suffer an OHCA annually. The objective of this thesis is to study patient characteristics and survival in patients with OHCA, to explore the importance of pre-hospital factors and in-hospital factors and to investigate the benefits of an early defibrillation program.Methods and results: Most data in this thesis are based on patient material collected by the Swedish Cardiac Arrest Register. Other data come from case records from patients admitted alive and time measurements from the emergency dispatch centre and defibrillators.In Study I, 969 cases of OHCA in Stockholm and 398 cases of OHCA in Göteborg between January 2000 and June 2001 were compared. The two groups were similar in terms of age, gender and various factors at resuscitation. All pre-hospital time intervals were longer in Stockholm and the proportion of patients found in ventricular fibrillation (VF) was 18% compared to 31% in Göteborg (pTo evaluate the relative roles of pre-hospital and in-hospital factors, 1,542 OHCA in Stockholm and 546 in Göteborg between January 2000 and June 2002 were investigated in Study II. Survival after OHCA was again lower in Stockholm (3.3% vs. 6.1%; p=0.01). Significantly longer time intervals and a lower proportion of VF OHCA were found in Stockholm compared to Göteborg. Patient demography, medical history, in-hospital investigations and interventions as well as in-hospital mortality (78% in Göteborg, 80% in Stockholm) did not differ between the two groups.To describe temporal trends in 1-month survival after OHCA in Sweden, 38,646 patients between 1992-2005 were investigated in Study III. The proportion of patients surviving to hospital admission increased from 15.3% in 1992 to 21.7% in 2005 (p for trendIn Study IV, specially trained fire-fighters equipped with automated external defibrillators were dispatched in addition to traditional medical responders to suspected cases of OHCA in Stockholm from December 2005 to December 2006. 863 OHCA patients were enrolled during the intervention and 657 OHCA from 2004 served as historical controls. Among dual dispatches, fire-fighters assisted with CPR in 94% of cases and arrived first on scene in 36% of cases. The median time from call to arrival of first responder decreased from 7.5 to 7.1 minutes (p=0.004). 1-month survival rose from 4.4% to 6.8% (p=0.047; adjusted OR: 1.6; 95% C.I: 0.9-2.9). 1-month survival among witnessed cases of OHCA rose from 5.7% to 9.7% (p=0.029; adjusted OR: 2.0; 95% C.I: 1.1-3.7).Conclusions: Survival after OHCA was significantly lower in Stockholm than in Göteborg during 2000-2002 and this difference was associated with pre-hospital factors only rather than with in-hospital factors or patient characteristics. Survival after OHCA in Sweden increased significantly from 1992 to 2005. The increase was particularly marked among patients found with a shockable rhythm and is associated with an increase in the proportion of crew-witnessed cases and, to a lesser degree, an increase in bystander CPR. A dual dispatch early defibrillation program in Stockholm has decreased response times and is likely to have improved survival in patients with OHCA. This increase in survival is believed to be associated with improved CPR and shortened time intervals.List of scientific papersI. Hollenberg J, Bång A, Lindqvist J, Herlitz J, Nordlander R, Svensson L, Rosenqvist M (2005). "Difference in survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest between the two largest cities in Sweden: a matter of time?" J Intern Med 257(3): 247-54 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15715681II. Hollenberg J, Lindqvist J, Ringh M, Engdahl J, Bohm K, Rosenqvist M, Svensson L (2007). "An evaluation of post-resuscitation care as a possible explanation of a difference in survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest." Resuscitation 74(2): 242-52. Epub 2007 Mar 23 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17363131III. Hollenberg J, Herlitz J, Lindqvist J, Riva G, Bohm K, Rosenqvist M, Svensson L (2008). "Improved survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest associated with an increase in proportion of crew-witnessed cases and bystander CPR." (Submitted)IV. Hollenberg J, Riva G, Bohm K, Larsen R, Herlitz J, Pettersson H, Rosenqvist M, Svensson L (2008). "Dual dispatch early defibrillation program in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest the SALSA-project." (Submitted)</p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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