1,720,967 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Escaping Toxicity: Health and Care in a Cluj Full of Chemicals
No full textBased on two months of ethnographic fieldwork in Cluj, Romania, this thesis explores the themes of health, care, vitality, toxicity and violence through the following question: How do notions of health and toxicity emerge through daily acts of care in Cluj, Romania?
For my collaborators, health is a question of maintenance and food is what enables people to maintain their health. However, there is a problem with food when it comes to health: chemicals are always in the mix. Chemicals were described by my collaborators as toxic synthetic substances that often, if not always, also play a large part in environmental pollution. This leads to a contradiction: food is what keeps you healthy, but it is also what makes you ill.
This thesis departs from such contradictions that arise from living in a world that is permeated with toxic elements and discusses health and toxicity are notions which go beyond materiality, and which highlight the interconnectedness of beings, things and processes that compose the world through space and through time. It shows how care and violence are often two sides of the same coin as well as how capitalism contributes to the near inescapability of today's scariest forms of toxicity.
Overall, this thesis aims to offer a better understanding of how humans grapple with health and toxicity as it relates to food, medicine, the environment at large and the relation we foster with other beings and things by writing about people's doubts, fears, frustrations, disappointments, and outrage, but also about their hopes and solutions as they relate to our toxic world. Ultimately, this thesis is an ethical discussion on "the good life" and the toxic elements that prevent us from living it as my collaborators understand it
The Westminster Dog Show: A Probe into the Human/Dog Relationship
No full textThis research paper explores the human-dog relationship in the context of the
Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. Many researchers have explored human-dog relationships
across a variety of settings (Haraway, 2003, Simon, 2015, Anderson, 1986 & Porter, 2018). I
have conducted an ethnographic probe to review videos and other documentation of the
Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show to explore the relationships between humans and dogs. I
relied on interviews and videos surrounding the dog show to document how humans perceived
their relationships with their dogs and how they interacted with their dogs. Common themes
emerged from the interviews and interactions that were used to help describe the qualities of this
human-dog relationship within the context of the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show. I suggest
that the relationships examined as part of this probe showcased qualities of autonomic beings
coming together for a common purpose. The relationships reviewed showcased a non-contingent
connectedness between humans and dogs where they shared connectivity in their actions and
emotions. Through the individual relationships examined, I suggest that these relationships
exemplify companionship relationships. I also explore the cohistories of humans and dogs
through the example of the relationship between humans and the Bulldog breed to showcase how
social factors, like class and sport have shaped human-dog relationships. I explore the concept of
dog breeding and suggest that although breeding involves manipulation of a dog’s genetics, the
overall concept of breeding is an example of biopower that helps encourage breeders to breed
with good intentions to produce high-quality and healthy dogs. Lastly, I explore human-dog
relationships on a local and global level to suggest that this multi-species relationship can be
described as an anthropo-zoo-genesis that is acted out through the production of affect towards
one another
Les territoires de la conservation : la création de la Réserve de biodiversité (projetée) Noire-Coulonge en Outaouais
No full textLe 30 août 2023, le gouvernement du Québec a annoncé la création de la Réserve de biodiversité projetée Noire-Coulonge, octroyant un statut de protection temporaire à un territoire de 850,2 km2 situé dans le Pontiac, à l’ouest de l'Outaouais. Cette annonce survient dans le contexte où les effets des crises bioclimatiques sont vécus de manière croissante dans la région et où la conservation est simultanément vue comme un espoir pour contrer ces bouleversements bioclimatiques et comme une solution qui s’est jusqu’ici avérée inefficace pour veiller au maintien de la biodiversité. Mandaté.e.s par le ministère de l’Environnement du Québec, le Conseil régional en environnement et en développement durable dans l’Outaouais (CREDDO) et la Société pour la nature et les parcs – vallée de l’Outaouais (SNAP-VO) mènent les activités de planification nécessaires à la création permanente de la Réserve de biodiversité Noire-Coulonge. Se saisissant de ces tensions entre les espoirs et les critiques porté.e.s envers la conservation, ces deux organisations régionales cherchent à faire de la conservation une alternative économique à l’extractivisme, un vecteur d’inclusion sociale et un espace de réconciliation avec les communautés autochtones.
La présente thèse explore les pratiques de conservation émergeant dans le Pontiac en questionnant cette volonté d’optimiser les pratiques de conservation au Québec. Par-delà les mérites écologiques attribués à la simple existence d’aires protégées, je propose ici de porter attention aux processus nécessaires à la création de la Réserve de biodiversité Noire-Coulonge suivant son annonce. Un travail ethnographique a permis de rendre compte des processus nécessaires à la création officielle d’une réserve de biodiversité en suivant le CREDDO et la SNAP-VO durant le dernier trimestre de leur mandat de planification visant à faire passer cette aire protégée de « projection » à « réalisation ». Ainsi, cette thèse interroge la manière dont les promesses d’une conservation réactualisée et améliorée se matérialisent dans le Pontiac. Il en ressort que les difficultés à formuler et mettre en oeuvre des alternatives aux dynamiques qui sous-tendent la conservation freinent en bonne partie les efforts mis en place pour parvenir à la différence souhaitée par et pour la conservation
Crafting with Livings: An Inquiry of Cellular Anthropology Through Laboratory Gestures
No full textThis text is the result of a research project which began in summer 2015. I spent the past two years visiting various laboratories concerned with questions of life: the Pelling Lab, SymbioticA, the Chooi Lab and the HumAnimaLab. My methods have been highly immersive and at the edges of autoethnography. I have navigated gestures and a cellular anthropology to gain a better understanding of the relations at play within the laboratories I have grown with and learned from. Interconnected moving livings is what I stumbled upon in these spaces of scientific, artistic and, most importantly, embodied exploration. By characterizing these specific biotechnological relations and mediations which are in processes of articulation, I explore the notion of crafting. I draw from the literatures of the anthropology of life, anthropology of craft as well as from craft theory to speak of concurrent laboratory livings as engaging in a crafting with livings
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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