1,724,697 research outputs found
Fables by Fal
No full textFourteen quirky, whimsical, dark stories, some in verse, most about unhappy love. Enjoyable, playful illustrations. The spine is damaged, so that there are breaks between 24 and 25, 40 and 41, 56 and 57. Lazarus and Martha (23) features a dormouse enclosed in a thick web during winter's sleep by an adoring spider. We get a garden plants' view of the coming of a terrier pup. A newt falls in love with a tadpole and, resisting young love, waits for him.... An egg that refuses to be hatched becomes corrupt and explodes. A grasshopper arranges to marry a glowworm at night so that he can be sure to find her after his random jumps, but what he sees first is her reflection in a pond. A starfish eats a winkle's mother and then pleads his love for the daughter. Wild!Fa
Studies of a glutamate receptor linked to phosphoinositide metabolism
No full textIn addition to the four receptors coupled to ion-channels, there exists a receptor for L-glutamate, which is linked to the hydrolysis of membrane phosphoinositides. In the guinea pig cerebral cortex, this receptor can be activated by trans-1-aminocyclopentane-1,3-dicarboxylate (trans-ACPD), ibotenate, quisqualate and glutamate. The response was seen throughout the brain but little evidence for multiple receptor subtypes was obtained. The highest receptor densities were found in the cortex and hippocampus. Trans-ACPD and ibotenate were equipotent full agonists having EC50 values of 48±6μM and 63±14μM respectively and they evoked the same maximal effect of approximately 400% of basal inositol monophosphate formation. Both the 1S,3R and 1R,3S isomers of trans-ACPD were effective agonists, having EC50 values of 16±7μM and 143±19μM respectively. Cis-ACPD was also a full agonist albeit weaker than the trans (EC50 = 166±21μM), but only the 1S,3S isomer was able to stimulate inositol phosphate formation (EC50 = 100±29μM). Quisqualate, the most potent compound used (EC50 = 13±7 μM), was a partial agonist, eliciting a maximal response of 260% of basal and it significantly inhibited the response to trans-ACPD. L-glutamate was the least potent agonist (EC50> 1000μM). NMDA and kainate, were however, ineffective in stimulating the formation of inositol phosphate. 1mM kainate significantly inhibited the response to ACPD but NMDA was unable to do so. The effects of ibotenate and trans-ACPD were insensitive to NMDA antagonists but could be non-competitively antagonised by L-2-amino-3-phosphonopropionate (L-AP3) and L-2-amino-4-phosphonobutyrate (L-AP4). L-AP3 was more potent than L-AP4 (IC_50 values = 497±27μM and 997±103μM respectively) but neither compound could fully inhibit the response due to their weak agonist actions. Activation of protein kinase C by phorbol 12, 13 dibutyrate (1 and 10μM) dramatically reduced the EAA stimulated formation of inositol phosphates but the receptor independent stimulation by 10mM NaF, was not affected. Immunoprecipitation of G-protein α-subunits following phorbol ester treatment of brain slices, failed to provide evidence for their phosphorylation and since the site of PKC action is neither at, or downstream of the G-protein, it is likely to be the receptor itself. Ibotenate and trans-ACPD, in an L-AP4 sensitive manner, stimulated the calcium dependent release of endogenous glutamate from guinea pig cerebrocortical synaptosomes. The pharmacology of this release would suggest involvement of the PI-linked receptor but neither phospholipase C inhibitors or GDPBS, following permeabilisation of the synaptosomes, were able to inhibit the release. The congruence of these two responses remains to be established.</p
Effects of metal additives on the structure and reactivity of transition metal surfaces
No full textSIGLEAvailable from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:D67830/86 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreGBUnited Kingdo
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CO2, the greenhouse effect and global warming: from the pioneering work of Arrhenius and Callendar to today’s earth system models
Full text linkClimate warming during the course of the twenty-first century is projected to be between 1.0 and 3.7 °C depending on future greenhouse gas emissions, based on the ensemble-mean results of state-of-the-art Earth System Models (ESMs). Just how reliable are these projections, given the complexity of the climate system? The early history of climate research provides insight into the understanding and science needed to answer this question. We examine the mathematical quantifications of planetary energy budget developed by Svante Arrhenius (1859–1927) and Guy Stewart Callendar (1898–1964) and construct an empirical approximation of the latter, which we show to be successful at retrospectively predicting global warming over the course of the twentieth century. This approximation is then used to calculate warming in response to increasing atmospheric greenhouse gases during the twenty-first century, projecting a temperature increase at the lower bound of results generated by an ensemble of ESMs (as presented in the latest assessment by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change). This result can be interpreted as follows. The climate system is conceptually complex but has at its heart the physical laws of radiative transfer. This basic, or “core” physics is relatively straightforward to compute mathematically, as exemplified by Callendar's calculations, leading to quantitatively robust projections of baseline warming. The ESMs include not only the physical core but also climate feedbacks that introduce uncertainty into the projections in terms of magnitude, but not sign: positive (amplification of warming). As such, the projections of end-of-century global warming by ESMs are fundamentally trustworthy: quantitatively robust baseline warming based on the well-understood physics of radiative transfer, with extra warming due to climate feedbacks. These projections thus provide a compelling case that global climate will continue to undergo significant warming in response to ongoing emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases to the atmosphere
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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