323,252 research outputs found
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Noninvasive monitoring of rejection: soluble interleukin-2 receptor levels may predict subsequent acute allograft rejection in the transplanted heart
No full textRole of cysteinyl leukotrienes in adenosine 5'-monophosphate induced bronchoconstriction in asthma
No full textBackground: Adenosine induced bronchoconstriction in patients with asthma is thought to be mediated by the synthesis and release of autacoids from airway mast cells. In vitro, adenosine induced constriction of asthmatic bronchi is blocked by a combination of specific histamine and cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonists, but the relative contribution of these mediators in vivo is unclear. We hypothesised that adenosine induced bronchoconstriction in asthmatic patients may be blocked by pretreatment with the orally active selective cysteinyl leukotriene-1 (CysLT1) receptor antagonist, montelukast.Methods: In a randomised, double blind, crossover study, oral montelukast (10 mg) or placebo was administered once daily on two consecutive days to 18 patients with mild to moderate persistent atopic asthma. Incremental doses of adenosine 5`-monophosphate (AMP) from 0.39 to 400 mg/ml were inhaled by dosimeter and the dose producing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PC20AMP) after AMP inhalation was recorded. Leukotriene E4 (LTE4) urinary concentrations were measured by enzyme immunoassay 4 hours after AMP challenge.Results: Montelukast pretreatment provided highly significant protection against adenosine induced bronchoconstriction, with geometric mean PC20AMP values of 52.6 mg/ml (95% CI 35.2 to 78.7) after placebo and 123.9 mg/ml (95% CI 83.0 to 185.0) after montelukast (p=0.006). The geometric mean of the montelukast/placebo PC20AMP ratio was 2.4 (95% CI 1.3 to 4.2). Montelukast had no significant effect on 4 hour urinary excretion of LTE4 compared with placebo.Conclusions: Selective CysLT1 receptor antagonism with montelukast provides highly significant protection against AMP induced bronchoconstriction in patients with atopic asthma, implying that cysteinyl leukotrienes are generated from airway mast cells through preferential activation of their A2B receptors
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