1,721,040 research outputs found
Gesamtgesellschaftliche Ressourcengleichheit und medizinische Versorgung
No full textIm Folgenden soll erörtert werden, welche Implikationen das Ideal der Ressourcengleichheit für ein System gerechter Gesundheitsversorgung hat. Zunächst werden in einem einleitenden Überlegungsgang Argumente dafür erörtert, medizinethische Fragen nicht isoliert zu betrachten, sondern in den Kontext gesamtgesellschaftlicher Gerechtigkeitsideale zu stellen. Dann wird ein solches gesellschaftliches Ideal, die Vorgabe der Ressourcengleichheit, im Anschluss an Ronald Dworkins Theorie dargestellt. Dworkins Vorschlag, das Problem zufälliger Unterschiede, die mit dem Ideal der Ressourcengleichheit zu kollidieren scheinen, mit Hilfe eines Systems von Versicherungen gegen solche Zufälle zu lösen, wird dann auf die Gesundheitsversorgung angewendet. Das Ergebnis ist eine allgemeine Krankenversicherung als Teil eines umfassenden Systems sozialer Absicherung, gemäß deren Versicherungsbedingungen Gesundheitsgüter verteilt werden
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Do Robots Care? Towards an Anthropocentric Framework in the Caring of Frail Individuals through Assistive Technologies
Full text linkAs a consequence of modern medicine and modern style of living, two demographic
trends, namely longevity and a decline in fertility have greatly increased the aging
population. The number of older persons aged 60 years or over is expected to be 1.4
billion by 2030 (World Population Data 2017). This demographic change combined
with changes in family structure challenges the future of elderly care, and contributes
to grounding a case towards the use of advanced robotics and AI to either integrate or
radically replace human-provided services in this field.
This paper introduces an anthropocentric framework – as defined by the European
Commission in its 2018 Communication on AI – for the care of elderly individuals
through assistive robotic technologies. Firstly, the concepts of care and cure are
distinguished, followed by a critical analysis of the function of robots in the context
of care. The paper continues with an analysis of the aforesaid technologies with the
notion of care provided to highlight that machines have the potential to interact and
simulate a relationship, but not to establish a real meaningful one with the user. User’s
deception and deprivation of a meaningful care-relationship is discussed as a
potential risk emerging from an incorrect use of technology in the treatment of fragile
individuals, and the fundamental legal principle of human dignity is considered with
respect to its potential application and impact on policies in this domain, as an objective
criterion that poses limits also to the individual’s freedom of self-determination
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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