501 research outputs found
The challenges of model based policy advice
No full textIn policy consultation, communicating model results to administration and policy makers has always proven to be a challenge for scientists. Many of the relevant preconditions for effective and successful policy advice are aggravated when results are based on the simultaneous use of a multitude of different models. This paper identifies key issues – e.g., relations to administration; correct identification of prevailing objectives of all agents involved; ability to run scenarios ‘in time’ - and discusses strategies for successful communication based on the experiences of the vTI model network. Specific attention is paid to the issue of communicating ‘conflicting’ results of different models: while often seen as a source for scientific insight, such ‘inconsistencies’ have proven to be a major obstacle for acceptance in a non-academic institutional setting. The experiences, as well as the literature, point specifically to the importance of tight linkages between modellers and policy makers, and the need to abandon decisionist or technocratic approaches of policy advice in favour of pragmatic approaches stressing the bilateral nature of communication.model network, policy advice, Agricultural and Food Policy, Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,
Acceptance and preferences of using ambient sensor-based lifelogging technologies in home environments
No full textDiverse sensor-based technologies can be used to track (older and frail) people’s movements and behaviors in order to detect anomalies and emergencies. Using several ambient sensors and integrating them into an assisting ambient system allows for the early identification of emergency situations and health-related changes. Typical examples are passive infrared sensors (PIR), humidity and temperature sensors (H&T) as well as magnetic sensors (MAG). So far, it is not known whether and to what extent these three specific sensor types are perceived and accepted differently by future users. Therefore, the present study analyzed the perception of benefits and barriers as well as acceptance of these specific sensor-based technologies using an online survey (reaching N = 312 German participants). The results show technology-related differences, especially regarding the perception of benefits. Furthermore, the participants estimated the costs of these sensors to be higher than they are, but at the same time showed a relatively high willingness to pay for the implementation of sensor-based technologies in their home environment. The results enable the derivation of guidelines for both the technical development and the communication and information of assisting sensor-based technologies and systems
Key issues of linking models for policy impact assessment in agriculture
No full textAgricultural and Food Policy, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,
Impacts of Decoupling and Milk Quota Trade on the French and German Dairy Sectors
No full textThis paper analyses the impacts of the 2003 CAP reform and of milk quota trade at the national level. To this end, a mathematical programming model has been further developed for Germany and extended to other main milk-producing EU member states like France. Homogeneous farm groups are built on the basis of EU Farm Accountancy Data Network. The results show that quotas will be fully used in both countries if quota trade is possible. A clear tendency in the reallocation of production from small towards large farms can be seen in all regions for France. In Germany, the redistribution of direct payments induced by the implementation of the regional scheme of decoupled payments leads to higher reductions of income in dairy & beef farms than in France.2003 CAP reform, milk quota trade, model, mathematical programming, International Relations/Trade,
Distributional Effects of the CAP on Western German Farm Incomes and Regional Farm Income Disparity
No full textThis study is concerned with measuring impacts of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on farm income distribution of western Germany. Not only the sheer contribution of market price support and direct payments as a proportion of income is taken into account, but also the impact of support on production incentives. For this purpose, we apply a modelling system consisting of a partial equilibrium model and a programming model. Based on a comparison of Gini coefficients and a decomposition of overall inequality effects we conclude that liberalization of the agricultural sector leads to a more unequal distribution of family farm income in relative terms, whereas a liberalized market provides a more equal situation in absolute terms. Furthermore, we consider the impacts of liberalizing the agricultural market on regional differences in average agricultural income and conclude that in relative terms liberalization increases regional inequality.Income distribution, CAP, Farm Group Model, Equilibrium Model, Agricultural and Food Policy, Agricultural Finance,
An ex-ante analysis of distributional effects of the CAP on western German farm incomes
No full textThis study is concerned with measuring impacts of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) on farm income distribution of western Germany. Not only the sheer contribution of market price support and direct payments as a proportion of income is taken into account, but also the impact of support on production incentives. For this purpose, we apply a modelling system consisting of a partial equilibrium model and a programming model. Based on a comparison of Gini coefficients and a decomposition of overall inequality effects we conclude that liberalization of the agricultural sector leads to a more unequal distribution of family farm income in relative terms, whereas a liberalized market provides a more equal situation in absolute terms.Income distribution, CAP, Farm Group Model, Equilibrium Model, Agricultural and Food Policy, Q11, Q12, Q18, C54, C6, D31,
Assessing impacts of CAP reform in France and Germany
No full textThe 2003 CAP Reform left EU member states much room for national implementation. The farm group model EU-FARMIS is applied to quantify the effects of the reform and the impacts of the options for national implementation. The analysis is done for France and Germany because their implementation schemes adequately reflect the broad range of options. It is found that cereal and fodder maize production is reduced both in France and Germany. In contrast, the acreage of other arable fodder crops, of set-aside and of non-food crops is expanded. While bull fattening is substantially reduced in both countries, suckler cow production is extended in France due to partial decoupling, but reduced in Germany due to full decoupling. Sectoral income effects measured in Farm Net Value Added are similar. The regional implementation of decoupling in Germany induces a significant redistribution of direct payments and therefore causes differences in income effects depending on farm type, location and size.CAP Reform, decoupling, farm group model, FADN, Agricultural and Food Policy, Land Economics/Use,
Modelling Agricultural Policies: State of the Art and New Challenges
No full textProceedings of the 89th European Seminar of the European Association of Agricultural Economists
Contributi di:
R. Martini, J. Anton, J. Dewbre, P. Bascou, P. Londero, W. Münch, T. Heckelei, W. Britz, M. Brockmeier, U. Sommer, K. Thomsen , H. Grethe, G. Weber, J. Wolfert, J. Lepoutr, W. Dol, S. Van Passel, H. van der Veen, F. Bouma, K. Happe, A. Balmann, K. Kellermann , C. Sahrbacher, A. Gocht, F. Arfini, M. Donati, M. Zuppiroli , Q. Paris, E.-O. von Ledebur, P.B. Salamon , G. Weber, K. Salhofer, E. Schmid, G. Streicher , F. Schneider, J. Buysse, B. Fernagut, O. Harmignie, B. Henry de Frahan, L. Lauwers, P. Polomé, G. Van Huylenbroeck, , J. Van Meensel, E. Loizou, K. Mattas, S. Rozakis , V. Tzouvelekas, J.-M. Boussard, F. Gérard , M.G. Piketty, J. Binfield, W. Meyers , P. Westhoff, E. Erjiavec , T. Donnellan, R. Borresch, B. Weinmann, F. Kuhlman , M. Scmitz, L. Riesgo , J.A. Gomez-Limón, A. Oude Lansink, F. Perali, P. Polinori, C. Salvioni , M. Veronesi, O. Musshoff , M. Odening, I. Perez , K. Holm-Müller, K. Melfou, A. Tonini , R. Jongeneel, J. Helming , J. Peerlings, C. Godard, L. Bamière, E. Debove, S. De Cara, P.A. Jayet , N.B. Niang, J.M. Casado , A. Gracia, A. Tabeau , M. Van Leeuven, L. Guindé, G. Millet, S. Rozakis, J.-C. Sourie , D. Tréguer, F. Offermann, W. Kleinhanss, S. Huettel , B. Kuepker, O. Balkausen, M. Banse, H. Grethe , S. Nolte, M. Adenauer , T. Heckelei, J. Niemi, C. Jansik, L. Kettunen , H. Lehtonen, F. Chantreuil, F. Levert , K. Hanrahan, L. Bartova, J. Pokrivcak, I. Foltyn , I. Zednickova, R. Esposti , A. Lo Bianco, A. Kavallari, R. Borresch , M. Schmitz, D. Fuentes-Castro , M. Rambonilaza, J. Kanthelhardt, M. Kapfer , N. Roeder, A. Henningsen, C. Henning, C. Struve , J. Mueller-Scheessel, E. Schmid , F. Sinabell, E. Montresor , F. Pecci, M. Kempen, T. Heckelei , W. Britz, M. Blanco Fonseca , E. Iglesias Martinez, Z. Bouamra-Mechemache, J. Yu , V. Réquillart, M. Banse , H. Grethe, J. Peerlings , D. Ooms, D. Ooms , A. Hal
Inclusive and differential cross-sections for dilepton t t ¯ production measured in s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
No full textAbstract Differential and double-differential distributions of kinematic variables of leptons from decays of top-quark pairs ( t t ¯ ) are measured using the full LHC Run 2 data sample collected with the ATLAS detector. The data were collected at a pp collision energy of s = 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb −1. The measurements use events containing an oppositely charged eμ pair and b-tagged jets. The results are compared with predictions from several Monte Carlo generators. While no prediction is found to be consistent with all distributions, a better agreement with measurements of the lepton p T distributions is obtained by reweighting the t t ¯ sample so as to reproduce the top-quark p T distribution from an NNLO calculation. The inclusive top-quark pair production cross-section is measured as well, both in a fiducial region and in the full phase-space. The total inclusive cross-section is found to be σ t t ¯ = 829 ± 1 stat ± 13 syst ± 8 lumi ± 2 beam pb , where the uncertainties are due to statistics, systematic effects, the integrated luminosity and the beam energy. This is in excellent agreement with the theoretical expectation
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