1,721,030 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Comparison between whole body vibration and static resistance training in postmenopausal women : long-term effects on quadriceps muscle volume and power
No full textIntroduction. Reductions in muscle mass, force and peak power occurring with aging markedly affect the quality of life of elderly people, particularly regarding the performance of daily activities such as walking, stair negotiation and standing up. However, resistance training has been shown to play a useful role in counteracting these impairments. Recently, Whole Body Vibration (WBV) exercise has been promoted as an alternative and feasible method to enhance strength and muscle performance. Although WBV seems to acutely increase muscle strength and power, its long-term efficacy on muscle structural and functional properties is still controversial and strictly controlled studies are lacking in literature (Rehn et al. 2007). Whether WBV is effective in combating sarcopenia and muscle weakness in old age is thus unknown.
Aim of the study. The aim of this research was to compare the long-term effects of a pure vibration training regime with an exercise protocol based on the same type of resistance training without vibration in order to identify the possible differences due to the vibration itself. Because elderly women are known to be at greater risk of losing functional independence than elderly men (Skelton et al. 1994), this study was performed in a population of post-menopausal women.
Material and methods. Eleven postmenopausal, recreationally active women, were assigned either to a vibration training group (VT, n=7, mean ± S.D: age 67.7±6.3 years, BMI 23.2±2) or to a control training group (CT, n=4, mean ± S.D: age 68.2±8.8 years, BMI 30.7±5.6). The VT underwent static isometric training on a vibration platform (Galileo Fitness ©, Novotec Maschinen GmbH, Germany) 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Each session consisted of four sets of ten isometric semi-squats lasting ten seconds (80° of knee flexion) on the vibration platform at 30 Hz (amplitude: 0–5.2 mm), with ten seconds rest off the platform between each repetition. The CT undertook the same protocol but without vibration. During the workout all participants wore a weighted vest corresponding to 60% of one repetition maximum (1 RM), assessed weekly with a leg extension machine, in order to increase the intensity of the exercise. Quadriceps muscle volume (MV) assessed by magnetic resonance imaging, relative peak power (RP), peak power per muscle volume (PV) and height (JH) assessed during counter-movement jumps performed on a force platform (Leonardo ©, Novotec Medical, Pforzheim, Germany), were measured before and after the training periods.
Results. Between pre- and post-training VT and CT showed a non significant increase in MV by 3.3 and 4.9%, and in RP by 3.9 and 3.8% respectively (p>0.05). PV did not change in VT and slightly decreased (-2%) in CT in a non significant manner (p>0.05). JH did not show any change. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between the two training groups (p>0.05).
Conclusion. The results of this study suggest that whole body vibration, associated with strength training, does not produce greater gains in muscle volume and power than strength training alone. We cannot exclude that with a training period longer than the present one (8 weeks) or targeting an elderly population of older age, greater benefits may be seen. A noteworthy and positive observation is that none of the elderly participants found WBV uncomfortable.
Keywords: vibration, training, postmenopausal, muscle volume
References
Rehn B, Lidström J, Skoglund J, Lindström B. Effects on leg muscular performance from whole-body vibration exercise: a systematic review. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2007; 17: 2–11
Skelton DA, Greig CA, Davies JM, Young A. Strength, power and related functional ability of healthy people aged 65–89 years. Age Aging 1994; 23: 371–
Simulated microgravity muscolar atrophy investigated by 2D-PAGE and Mass Spectrometry [P109]
No full textDispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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