670 research outputs found
PROTON BORON CAPTURE THERAPY: DOSE CALCULATIONS AND A POSSIBLE NEW MEASUREMENT
No full textSince a few decades, proton therapy is being widely used for cancer treatment, with minimal dose to healthy tissues and surrounding organs. Recent studies have suggested that the efficacy of proton therapy could be enhanced if natural boron is selectively accumulated in the tumor tissues. Such an increase is attributed to the protonboron fusion reaction that leads to the production of low-energy α-particles (~2.9 MeV), a mechanism that resembles the well-known Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. However, analytical calculations and detailed Monte Carlo simulations with GEANT4, both in a macro- and micro-dosimetry approach, indicate that the effect of the p+11B→3α reaction, at the standard Boron concentration levels (less than 100 ppm), is orders of magnitude lower than the one of the primary proton beam inside the tissues. In an attempt to solve this discrepancy, an experimental campaign will be carried out with a low-energy proton beam at the CNA laboratory, in Seville. In this talk, we present the latest results of detailed calculations and Geant4 simulations of the dose related to PBCT and describe the concept at the basis of the proposed experimental activity on the PBCT efficacy
Potent Virucidal Activity In Vitro of Photodynamic Therapy with Hypericum Extract as Photosensitizer and White Light against Human Coronavirus HCoV-229E
No full textThe emergent human coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and its high infectivity rate has highlighted the strong need for new virucidal treatments. In this sense, the use of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with white light, to take advantage of the sunlight, is a potent strategy for decreasing the virulence and pathogenicity of the virus. Here, we report the virucidal effect of PDT based on Hypericum extract (HE) in combination with white light, which exhibits an inhibitory activity of the human coronavirus HCoV-229E on hepatocarcinoma Huh-7 cells. Moreover, despite continuous exposure to white light, HE has long durability, being able to maintain the prevention of viral infection. Given its potent in vitro virucidal capacity, we propose HE in combination with white light as a promising candidate to fight against SARS-CoV-2 as a virucidal compound
Can we talk about God? Saint Thomas Aquinas and human language
No full textEl autor del artículo plantea una serie de preguntas sobre el lenguaje humano y su capacidad de “expresar a Dios”, analizando para ello el pensamiento de santo Tomás de Aquino: ¿Hay alguna manera de saber lo que el mismo Aquinate piensa sobre la capacidad del lenguaje para trasmitir o describir la realidad misma de Dios?; si el instrumento del predicador, del profesor y del escritor es el lenguaje, ¿qué opina el propio Tomás sobre este instrumento, el lenguaje, para poder decir verdaderamente algo sobre Dios? De esta manera, al autor se adentra en el estudio de esta apasionante cuestión en distintas obras del Angélico; estudio que culmina con la consideración de la univocidad, equivocidad y analogía a la hora de hablar de Dios.The author of the article poses a series of questions about human language and its capacity to “express God”, ana-lysing the thought of St. Thomas Aquinas: Is there any way of knowing what Aquinas himself thinks about the capacity of language to transmit or describe the very reality of God; if the instrument of the preacher, the teacher and the writer is language, what does Thomas himself think about this instrument, language, in order to be able to truly say something about God? In this way, the author delves into the study of this exciting question in different works of the Angelic; a study that culminates in the consideration of univocity, equivocity and analogy when speaking about God.Religió
Advanced nuclear energy systems and the need of accurate nuclear data: The n-TOF project at CERN
No full textTo satisfy the world's constantly increasing demand for energy, a suitable mix of different energy sources has to be devised. In this scenario, an important role could be played by nuclear energy, provided that major safety, waste and proliferation issues affecting current nuclear reactors are satisfactorily addressed. To this purpose, a large effort has been under way for a few years towards the development of advanced nuclear systems with the aim of closing the fuel cycle. Generation IV reactors, with full or partial waste recycling capability, accelerator driven systems, as well as new fuel cycles are the main options being investigated. The design of advanced systems requires improvements in basic nuclear data, such as cross-sections for neutron-induced reactions on actinides. In this paper, the main concepts of advanced reactor systems are described, together with the related needs of new and accurate nuclear data. The present activity in this field at the neutron facility n\_TOF at CERN is discussed
Zr 92 (n,?) and (n,tot) measurements at the GELINA and n_TOF facilities
No full textStellar nucleosynthesis of elements heavier than iron is driven by neutron capture processes. Zr92 is positioned at a strategic point along the slow nucleosynthesis path, given its proximity to the neutron magic number N=50 and its position at the matching region between the weak and main slow processes. Purpose: In parallel with recent improved astronomical data, the extraction of accurate Maxwellian averaged cross sections (MACSs) derived from a more complete and accurate set of resonance parameters should allow for a better understanding of the stellar conditions at which nucleosynthesis takes place. Methods: Transmission and capture cross section measurements using enriched Zr92 metallic samples were performed at the time-of flight facilities GELINA of JRC-Geel (BE) and n_TOF of CERN (CH). The neutron beam passing through the samples was investigated in transmission measurements at GELINA using a Li-glass scintillator. The ¿ rays emitted during the neutron capture reactions were detected by C6D6 detectors at both GELINA and n_TOF. Results: Resonance parameters of individual resonances up to 81 keV were extracted from a combined resonance shape analysis of experimental transmissions and capture yields. For the majority of the resonances the parity was determined from an analysis of the transmission data obtained with different sample thicknesses. Average resonance parameters were calculated. Conclusions: Maxwellian averaged cross sections were extracted from resonances observed up to 81 keV. The MACS for kT=30keV is fully consistent with experimental data reported in the literature. The MACSs for kT¿15keV are in good agreement with those derived from the ENDF/B-VIII.0 library and recommended in the KADoNiS database. For kT higher than 30 keV differences are observed. A comparison with MACSs obtained with the cross sections recommended in the JEFF-3.3 and JENDL-4.0 libraries shows discrepancies even for kT¿15keV.Peer ReviewedArticle escrit per 116 Autors/autores : Tagliente, G.; Kopecky, S.; Heyse, J.; Krtička, M.; Massimi, C.; Mengoni, A.; Milazzo, P. M.; Plompen, A. J. M.; Schillebeeckx, P.; Valenta, S.; Wynants, R.; Altstadt, S.; Andrzejewski, J.; Audouin, L.; Bécares, V.; Barbagallo, M.; Bečvář, F.; Belloni, F.; Berthoumieux, E.; Billowes, J.; Boccone, V.; Bosnar, D.; Brugger, M.; Calviño, F.; Calviani, M.; Cano-Ott, D.; Carrapiço, C.; Cerutti, F.; Chiaveri, E.; Chin, M.; Colonna, N.; Cortés, G.; Cortés-Giraldo, M. A.; Cristallo, S.; Diakaki, M.; Domingo-Pardo, C.; Dressler, R.; Durán, I.; Eleftheriadis, C.; Ferrari, A.; Fraval, K.; Furman, V.; Göbel, K.; Gómez-Hornillos, M. B.; Ganesan, S.; García, A. R.; Giubrone, G.; Gonçalves, I. F.; González-Romero, E.; Goverdovski, A¸ E. Griesmayer¸C. Guerrero; F. Gunsing; T. Heftrich; A. Hernández-Prieto; E. Jericha; F. Käppeler, Y. Kadi, D. Karadimos, T. Katabuchi, V. Ketlerov, V. Khryachkov, N. Kivel, M. Kokkoris, J. Kroll, C. Lampoudis, C. Langer, E. Leal-Cidoncha, C. Lederer, H. Leeb, L. S. Leong, R. Losito, M. Lugaro, A. Mallick, A. Manousos, J. Marganiec, T. Martínez, P. Mastinu, M. Mastromarco, E. Mendoza, F. Mingrone, M. Mirea, C. Paradela, A. Pavlik, J. Perkowski, J. Praena, J. M. Quesada, T. Rauscher, R. Reifarth, A. Riego-Perez, M. Robles, C. Rubbia, J. A. Ryan, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, R. Sarmento, A. Saxena, S. Schmidt, D. Schumann, P. Sedyshev, J. L. Tain, A. Tarifeño-Saldivia, D. Tarrío, L. Tassan-Got, A. Tsinganis, G. Vannini, V. Variale, P. Vaz, A. Ventura, M. J. Vermeulen, D. Vescovi, V. Vlachoudis, R. Vlastou,21 A. Wallner, T. Ware, M. Weigand, C. Weiss, T. Wright, P. ŽugecPostprint (published version
Measurement of the MACS of 181Ta (n, γ) at kT=30 keV as a test of a method for Maxwellian neutron spectra generation
No full textet al.Measurement of the Maxwellian-Averaged Cross-Section (MACS) of the 181Ta(n,γ) reaction at kT=30 keV by the activation technique using an innovative method for the generation of Maxwellian neutron spectra is presented. The method is based on the shaping of the proton beam to produce a desired neutron spectrum using the 7Li(p,n) reaction as a neutron source. The characterization of neutron spectra has been performed by combining measured proton distributions, an analytical description of the differential neutron yield in angle and energy of the 7Li(p,n) reaction, and with Monte Carlo simulations of the neutron transport. A measured value equal to 815±73 mbarn is reported for the MACS of the reaction 181Ta(n,γ) at kT=30 keV. The MACS of the reaction 197Au(n,γ) provided by KADoNiS has been used as a reference.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (contracts FPA2008-04972-C03-02, FPA2009-08848, FPA2009-14091-C02-02 and FPA2011-28770-C03-02), Junta de Andalucía (P07-FQM-02894, FQM220), and the funding agencies of the participating institutes. M. Pignatari acknowledges support from Ambizione Grant of the SNSF (Switzerland), NSF GrantsPHY 02-16783 and PHY 09-22648 (Joint Institute for Nuclear Astrophysics, JINA), EU MIRG-CT-2006-046520, and Eurogenesis (MASCHE).Peer Reviewe
OC-0153: Multicenter prospective validation of HSPB1 rs2868371 SNP and survival in non-small cell lung cancer
No full textRetrospective unicenter studies have shown that HSPB1 rs2868371 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is associated with survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients related to a very different response to radiation therapy (RT). Therefore, the aim of the current study is to validate this finding in a prospective multicenter (2 institutions) setting.N
Constraints on the dipole photon strength for the odd uranium isotopes
No full textNuclear level densities (NLDs) and photon strength functions (PSFs), also called ¿ -ray or radiation strength functions, represent average properties of the nucleus in the regime of excitation where individual levels and transition probabilities by ¿ decay are not readily accessible by experimental or theoretical means. They are key ingredients for statistical calculations of the reaction cross sections involving ¿ rays via the Hauser-Feshbach approach [1], like inelastic scattering or neutron capture reactions.Peer ReviewedAquest article té 124 autors/autores J. Moreno-Soto, S. Valenta, E. Berthoumieux, A. Chebboubi, M. Diakaki, W. Dridi, E. Dupont, F. Gunsing, M. Krticka, O. Litaize, O. Serot, O. Aberle, V. Alcayne, S. Amaducci, J. Andrzejewski, L. Audouin, V. Bécares, V. Babiano-Suarez, M. Bacak, M. Barbagallo, Th. Benedikt, S. Bennett, J. Billowes, D. Bosnar, A. Brown, M. Busso, M. Caamaño, L. Caballero-Ontanaya, F. Calviño, M. Calviani, D. Cano-Ott, A. Casanovas, F. Cerutti, E. Chiaveri, N. Colonna, G. Cortés, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, L. Cosentino, Cristallo, L. A. Damone, P. J. Davies, M. Dietz, C. Domingo-Pardo, R. Dressler, Q. Ducasse, I. Durán, Z. Eleme, B. Fernández-Domínguez, A. Ferrari, P. Finocchiaro, V. Furman, K. Göbel, A. Gawlik-Rami, S. Gilardoni, I. F. Gonçalves, E. González-RomeroC. Guerrero, S. Heinitz, J. Heyse, D. G. Jenkins, A. Junghans, F. Käppeler, Y. Kadi, A. Kimura, I. Knapová, M. Kokkoris, Y. Kopatch, D. Kurtulgil, I. Ladarescu, C. Lampoudis, C. Lederer-Woods, S. J. Lonsdale, D. Macina, A. Manna, T. Martínez, A. Masi, C. Massimi, P. Mastinu, M. Mastromarco, E. A. Maugeri, A. Mazzone, E. Mendoza, A. Mengoni, V. Michalopoulou, P. M. Milazzo, F. MingroneA. Musumarra, A. Negret, R. Nolte, F. Ogállar, A. Oprea, N. Patronis, A. Pavlik, J. Perkowski, L. Piersanti, C. Petrone, E. Pirovano, I. Porras, J. Praena, J. M. Quesada, D. Ramos-Doval, T. Rauscher, R. Reifarth, D. Rochman, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, A. Saxena, P. Schillebeeckx, D. Schumann, A. Sekhar, A. G. Smith, N. V. Sosnin, P. Sprung, A. Stamatopoulos, G. Tagliente, J. L. Tain, A. Tarifeño-Saldivia, L. Tassan-Got, P. Torres-Sánchez, A. Tsinganis, J. Ulrich, S. Urlass, G. Vannini, V. Variale, P. Vaz, A. Ventura, D. Vescovi, V. Vlachoudis, R. Vlastou, A. Wallner, P. J. Woods, T. Wright, P. ŽugecPostprint (published version
74 Ge(n, ¿) cross section below 70 keV measured at n_TOF CERN
No full textThe version of record os available online at:https://doi.org/10.1140/epja/s10050-022-00878-5Neutron capture reaction cross sections on 74Ge are of importance to determine 74Ge production during the astrophysical slow neutron capture process. We present new resonancedataon74Ge(n,¿)reactionsbelow70keVneutron energy. We calculate Maxwellian averaged cross sections, combining our data below 70 keV with evaluated cross sections at higher neutron energies. Our stellar cross sections are in agreement with a previous activation measurement performed at Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe by Marganiec et al., once their data has been re-normalised to account for an update in the reference cross section used in that experimentPeer ReviewedArticle escrit per 123 autors/autores C. Lederer-Woods, O. Aberle, J. Andrzejewski, L. Audouin, V. Bécares, M. Bacak, J. Balibrea, M. Barbagallo, S. Barros, U. Battino, F. Bečvář, C. Beinrucker, E. Berthoumieux, J. Billowes, D. Bosnar, M. Brugger, M. Caamaño, F. Calviño, M. Calviani, D. Cano-Ott, R. Cardella, A. Casanovas, D. M. Castelluccio, F. Cerutti, Y. H. Chen, E. Chiaveri, N. Colonna, G. Cortés, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, L. Cosentino, L. A. Damone, M. Diakaki, C. Domingo-Pardo, R. Dressler, E. Dupont, I. Durán, B. Fernández-Domínguez, A. Ferrari, P. Ferreira, P. Finocchiaro, V. Furman, K. Göbel, A. R. García, A. Gawlik-Ramięga, T. Glodariu, I. F. Gonçalves, E. González-Romero, A. Goverdovski, E. Griesmayer, C. Guerrero, F. Gunsing, H. Harada, T. Heftrich, S. Heinitz, J. Heyse, D. G. Jenkins, E. Jericha, F. Käppeler, Y. Kadi, T. Katabuchi, P. Kavrigin, V. Ketlerov, V. Khryachkov, A. Kimura, N. Kivel, M. Kokkoris, M. Krtička, E. Leal-Cidoncha, H. Leeb, J. Lerendegui-Marco, S. Lo Meo, S. J. Lonsdale, R. Losito, D. Macina, J. Marganiec, T. Martínez, C. Massimi, P. Mastinu, M. Mastromarco, F. Matteucci, E. A. Maugeri, E. Mendoza, A. Mengoni, P. M. Milazzo, F. Mingrone, M. Mirea, S. Montesano, A. Musumarra, R. Nolte, A. Oprea, N. Patronis, A. Pavlik, J. Perkowski, I. Porras, J. Praena, J. M. Quesada, K. Rajeev, T. Rauscher, R. Reifarth, A. Riego-Perez, P. C. Rout, C. Rubbia, J. A. Ryan, M. Sabaté-Gilarte, A. Saxena, P. Schillebeeckx, S. Schmidt, D. Schumann, P. Sedyshev, A. G. Smith, A. Stamatopoulos, G. Tagliente, J. L. Tain, A. Tarifeño-Saldivia, L. Tassan-Got, A. Tsinganis, S. Valenta, G. Vannini, V. Variale, P. Vaz, A. Ventura, V. Vlachoudis, R. Vlastou, A. Wallner, S. Warren, M. Weigand, C. Weiss, C. Wolf, P. J. Woods, T. Wright, P. ŽugecPostprint (published version
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