137 research outputs found
Undirected Graph Exploration with Θ(log log n) Pebbles
No full textWe consider the fundamental problem of exploring an undi-rected and initially unknown graph by an agent with lit-tle memory. The vertices of the graph are unlabeled, and the edges incident to a vertex have locally distinct labels. In this setting, it is known that Θ(logn) bits of memory are necessary and sufficient to explore any graph with at most n vertices. We show that this memory requirement can be decreased significantly by making a part of the mem-ory distributable in the form of pebbles. A pebble is a device that can be dropped to mark a vertex and can be collected when the agent returns to the vertex. We show that for an agent O(log logn) distinguishable pebbles and bits of mem-ory are sufficient to explore any bounded-degree graph with at most n vertices. We match this result with a lower bound exhibiting that for any agent with sub-logarithmic memory, Ω(log logn) distinguishable pebbles are necessary for exploration
Paradise of the Pacific, vol. 14, no. 12 1901-12
No full textARTICLES: Song of the press / Iram B. Biggs -- The Honolulu daily press -- The Prince of peace / William F. Sabin -- Christmas -- King Sugar -- Honolulu Chamber of Commerce -- Cable and canal -- The Charleston show -- Rat extermination -- Some products of Hawaii -- Alligator pear -- Mango -- Papaia -- Betel nut -- Tamarind -- Bread fruit -- Taro -- Lichee nut -- Churches of Honolulu -- Bethel Church -- Kawaiahao Church -- Educational interests / A. T. Atkinson -- Oahu College -- Kamehameha Schools / Rev. Charles Bartlett Dyke -- St. Louis College / Brother Bertram -- Castle Kindergarten / Miss Cora F. Panabaker -- Keahi's new god / W. D. Westervelt -- Christmas magazines -- Christmas, 1901 / Clarence M. White -- Three Christmases / Walter G. Smith -- Pineapple cultivation / Byron O. Clark -- Island of Maui -- The Hogans -- Royal Hawaiian Hotel -- Wm. G. Irwin & Company, Limited -- Pacific Hardware Company, Limited -- Haleiwa Hotel -- Olaa Sugar Company -- Oahu Railway -- The Island of Hawaii -- Churches -- Homes -- Hotels -- Banks -- The Hilo Press -- Representative men of Hilo -- Hilo Bay / Clarence M. White -- The Catholic church in Hawaii -- The Hawaiian Electric Co. -- E. O. Hall & Son's former block -- The big Dowsett Ranch -- The untaught command / H. M. Ayres -- First national bank -- Christmas trees -- Oahu Ice and Electric Co. -- Island of Kauai -- The Bungalow -- Lewers & Cooke, Ltd. -- Steamer -- Honolulu Iron Works -- Claus Spreckels & Co. -- Honolulu temperature for 1900 -- Hawaiian Opera House -- Bank of Hawaii -- H. Hackfeld & Co., Limited -- Sisal growing -- A crow-check -- Children's hospital -- Transporting soldiers. IMAGES: Volcano of Kilauea -- Honolulu street scenes -- Relief map of Oahu -- Hawaiian products -- Kaumakapili Church -- Central Union Church -- Cathedral of Notre Dame Du Paix -- St. Andrew's Cathedral -- Bishop Memorial Chapel -- Kamoiliili Church -- Bethel Church -- Kawaiahao Church -- St. Louis College -- Schools and colleges -- Interior of Heathen Temple at Kailua -- Cloud effect -- Honolulu streett scenes -- Pineapple plantation at Wahiawa -- Royal Hawaiian Hotel -- The new oceanic steamship Sonoma -- Pacific Hardware Co. cor. Fort and Merchant Sts. -- Interior of Pacific Hardward Co.'s Betthel Street store / Williams -- Honolulu trolley car -- Front porch of Haleiwa Hotel -- Olaa sugar mill -- Along the Oahu railway -- Hilo from Haili Hills / Silva -- Pitman Sttreet / Silva -- Hackfeld Block -- Peacock Block -- Corner Front and Waianuenue Street -- Waianuenue Street looking down -- St. Joseph's Church -- Portuguese protestant church -- Foreign church -- Haili Church -- Honolulu driving park -- Residence of Anthony Richley -- Residence of Elmer E. Richards -- Residence of Philip Peck -- Residence of W. H. Shipman -- Residence of Joseph S. Canario -- Residence of John A. Scott -- Hilo Hotel -- Hilo Bay -- John T. Moir -- Philip Peck -- Luther Severance -- J. S. Canario -- Frank B. McStocker -- August Humberg -- Father Damien's monument -- A scene on Molokai -- Molokai map -- Hawaiian Electric Co.'s office -- Hall block before and during tthe fire -- Branding cattle -- Ranch House -- Milking -- Manager Buick and his helpers -- A column of cowboys -- First national bank -- Oahu Ice and Electric Co. -- Scene on Hanalei River -- Views on state of W. H. Rice, Kauai -- Cowboys in Kauai -- The bungalow, band stand and old barracks -- Wilder's steamship wharf -- Honolulu Iron Works -- Interior of Honolulu Iron Works -- Interior Hawaiian Opera House -- Hackfeld Block -- Sisal Plantatio
Paradise of the Pacific, vol. 24 no. 3 1911-03
No full textARTICLES: How to influence congress -- Commission government -- An interesting publication -- The prevention of war -- The 1911 floral parade -- The enchanted isles (Hawaii) / Dr. Hugh B. Mitchell -- The boys' industrial school / T. H. Gibson -- A legend of Kauai (from the Hawaiian of A. H. Ahakuelo) / Robert Standard Andrews -- Life of Kamehameha I the wars of his childhood / Rev. W. D. Westervelt -- Kiana / James J. Jarves -- To prepare Honolulu harbor for immense world-traffic -- Bonded debt of Hawaii in 1910 -- Bank figures for 1910. IMAGES: The prize-winner among class A automobiles. Representation of Kamehameha the Great entered by Alexander & Baldwin -- "Ye bells of '76," a patriotic prize-winner. Entry by Miss Annie C. Hustace -- Princess of the Island of Maui (Miss Copp), with Retinue, passing in review --Two fine entries by H. Hackfeld & co -- The shriner car -- A unique and remarkable decoration. The silver-sword plant which only grows in the crater of Haleakala, Maui, and in the Himalayas. By Dr. Aiken, of Maui. -- Elks' and shriners' embalmed combined. Entry by Mr. W. Levy. -- Industrial school perspect -- One of the industrial buildings -- Cadet and band muster -- Beaching Hawaiian outrigger canoe at Waikik
Paradise of the Pacific, vol. 18 no. 12 1905-12
No full textARTICLES: A Christmas reverie / Alatau T. Akinson -- Christmas and New Year -- Beautifying the city -- Flower fiesta -- A ship with sails -- Road improvement -- The year's sugar -- Rosella -- Manless lands -- Our newspaper friends -- Fletcher's Christmas / Walter Gifford Smith -- Island resources / Elinor A. Langton -- Hawaii and the intellectual life / Charles L. Rhodes -- Coffee culture and its economic aspects / Abraham L. Louisson -- Cosmopolitan Honolulu -- Securing a home -- Alexander Young Hotel -- From Diamond Head to the Golden Gate / Geo. F. Henshall -- Fair Honolulu / James Pomeroy Howe -- The new Wahiawa Dam -- Hawaiian News Company -- Hawaiian Electric Company -- Hawaii Agricultural Experiment Station / Jared G. Smith -- William G. Irwin and Company, Limited -- Christmas magazines -- A Hawaiian Christmas fantasy / A. P. Taylor -- A gray day / Herbert Melton Ayres -- A place for laziness / A. M. Burns -- Welcome the casuals / Daniel Logan -- The Christmas berries / Herbert Melton Ayres -- Hawaiiland / William Frederickson Sabin -- H. Hackfield and Company, Limited -- Lovers of the prairie / Ed Towse -- J. A. M. Johnson Co., Ltd. -- The Navy -- Scientific researches in sugar cane culture -- Hawaiian promotion work -- Henry Waterhouse Trust Co., Ltd. -- Snap shots of legendary places in Hawaii / Rev. W. D. Westervelt -- Local banking institutions -- City residences -- Inter-island travel -- Planters' experiments -- Filtration. IMAGES: A lawn in Honolulu -- In a Puna fern forest -- On Hon. D. P. R. Isenberg's estate, Waialae -- Twilight -- On the island of Kauai -- Sugar cane -- Hawaiian products -- Hawaiian hatmaking -- Sour sop -- Coffee berries -- Alligator pears -- Watermelons -- Pineapple plantation -- Hawaiians making poi -- Spearing fish -- In Waikiki groves -- In Honolulu's suburb -- Coffee in blossom -- Coffee tree -- Coffee pickers in the harvest time -- Traveller's palm -- Kindergarten pupils -- Alexander Young Hotel -- Views of Alexander Young Hotel -- Kaawa point, Koolaupoko, Oahu -- Hawaiian fern forest -- U.S. Agricultural experiment building -- W. G. Irwin -- W. M. Giffard -- Ventura -- Alameda -- Sierra -- Sonoma -- Hawaiian forest scene -- Seascape from the foot of Diamond Head -- Moanalua, near Honolulu -- In Koolaupoko, Oahu -- A few of the ocean liners for which H. Hackfeld & Co. are agents -- Rotunda in Hackfeld Building -- Experiment station, H. S. P. A. -- Chemical laboratory -- Main road of experiment field -- Cane propagation house -- Moir's white cane -- Irrigation of young seedling plant cane -- Propagation boxes for seedlings -- Watering seed in germination boxes -- Division of agriculture and chemistry -- Division of pathology and physiology -- H. P. Wood, secretary -- Green lake, Hawaii -- Coming out of the bath -- Inner door of Wahaula Heiau -- Sacrificial rock -- Picture rock -- Picture rocks -- Walter M. Giffard's home -- F. A. Schaefer -- Mrs. Fanny Love -- F. B. McStocker -- Cottage on Matlock Avenue -- Cottage on Oahu College grounds -- House on Kinau Stree
Paradise of the Pacific, vol. 19 no. 4 1906-04
No full textARTICLES: Easter -- The picture age -- Feathers in old times -- Our frontispiece -- The tabu in Fiji -- Sisal -- The crematory -- Captain Lawless' inventions -- Promotion endeavors in California -- Railroad advertising -- Alexander Young Hotel, Honolulu -- H. Hackfield & Company -- Hawaii's Planters commended -- The Winter Floral Parade in Honolulu -- Hawaii Promotion Committee -- Honolulu Rapid Transit & Land Co. -- Island preserves -- Honolulu's Banks -- Hawaiian News Company -- A conservative company -- La Paloma gets away -- The band to the mainland -- Practical advertising methods -- City improvement -- Barber and ice cream -- Hawaii and California -- One on Rex . IMAGES: Review of automobiles in Kapiolani Park -- Cable address "Youngs" -- H. Hackfeld & Co.'s offices and warerooms -- Hawaii promotion committee -- Officers of the day -- The judges -- C. C. von Hamm. First price, class A -- C. W. Cahpin -- Alexander Young -- William H. Baird -- James Quinn -- J. S. Bell -- E. Henriques -- Kaiulani School -- H. Fujikawa -- Dr. Joao Pinto -- H. Hackfield & Co -- E. H. Lewis -- E. R. Stackable -- Reuben A. Dexter -- John A. McCandless -- Four of the cavalcade -- A. A. Young -- Gerrit P. Wilder -- E. O. White -- Miss Dreier -- Frank E. Richardson -- Miss MacFarlane -- Louis Marks -- Kamehameha School -- Albert F. Afong -- Column of cowboys -- E. M. Boyd -- The state of Oregon's fair representatives -- Free kindergarten -- Fire department -- Master W. Hollinger -- Fire department -- Pau riders -- Juveniles -- Pau riders -- Miss Marjorie Gilman -- Honolulu's daily press representatives in the floral parade -- Moana Hotel -- Moana Hotel back verandah -- Moana Hotel back lawn -- Moana Hotel rear driveway -- Beach at Moana Hotel -- Moana Hotel grounds -- Beach at Moana Hotel -- Office Moana Hotel -- Moana Hotel bar -- Moana Hotel drawing roo
Paradise of the Pacific, vol. 16, no. 12 1903-12
No full textARTICLES: Hawaii / Anna M. Paris -- The spirit of Christmas / Alatau T. Atkinson -- Christmas Day -- Crop of 1903 -- Temperature for sugar -- A report of unusual interest -- Judge Dole -- Upper air currents -- Canal progress -- National Guard of Hawaii -- Merchants' Association of Honolulu -- Hawaii Promotion Committee -- Maui the Fisherman / Rev. W. D. Westervelt -- Through Nuuanu -- Entertain the Tourists / Elinor A. Langton -- Island fruits -- Coffee -- Beg your pardon -- U. S. Naval Station, Hawaii -- Waimea and Eleele -- Business men's requisites -- Honolulu's hotels -- Lodge le Progres de l'oceanie / Ed Towse -- The cost of living -- Amusements -- Hawaiian News Company -- The new Army rifle -- German School and Church -- How to get tourists / Walter G. Smith -- Ruins of an ancient heiau / William Frederickson Sabin -- On the waterfront -- Forestry and entomology -- H. Hackfeld & Co. -- Trade by nationalities -- Secretary Atkinson -- A poinciana park -- Governor George R. Carter -- Embarkation of cattle -- Hawaii / William Frederickson Sabin -- The Christmas McClure's -- Obituary - Mrs. Rev. Hiram Bingham -- Obituary - William Henry Cornwell -- Obituary - George W. C. Jones -- Obituary - Horace G. Crabbe -- Obituary - Samuel Kapoi Kane -- The Waterhouse Trust Co. -- William G. Irwin & Co. -- Electricity in the home, its advantages and conveniences -- Honolulu's Banks -- A year of building activity -- Facts about Honolulu -- Jurors on lawyers -- Christmas in Hawaii -- Wela ka hao. IMAGES: Officers of the general staff and aids to the commander-in-chief at the time of Governor Dole's retirement -- Saluting the flag -- Competitive drill -- Parading the streets -- Field, staff and line officers, first regiment, N. G. H. -- Lily pond at Waikiki -- E. D. Tenney -- C. M. Cookee -- J. G. Spencer -- C. L. Wight -- E. I. Spalding -- F. M. Swanzy -- J. A. Kennedy -- J. P. Cooke -- J. F. Morgan -- J. M. Dowsett -- H. M. von Holt -- Members of the Association -- Looking over Honolulu towards Punchbowl Hill -- Hawaiian fishermen: casting the net and spearing, Kealakekua Bay -- On the shore of Pearl Harbor -- Kapena Falls -- Summer residence of Charles M. Cooke on the Pali Road -- The cascade in the mountain side near the head of the valley -- Koolau side of the Pali -- Sunset and mirage, from Waikiki Beach -- Hedge of night blooming cereus, Oahu College -- Looking eastward over Honolulu towards Diamond Head -- Coffee blossoms / Davey -- Picking coffee on Louisson Bros.' Plantation, Hamakua -- U. S. S. Iroquois -- Waimea, island of Kauai -- Eleele, Island of Kauai -- Alexander Young Hotel -- Royal Hawaiian Hotel -- Moana Hotel -- Officers of Lodge le Progres -- Paradise of the Pacific building -- Inside the crater of Diamond Head -- Lewers & Cooke Block -- Japanese buds engrafted on Hawaiian soil -- German Lutheran school -- German Lutheran church -- Waikiki cocoa palms mirrored in the water -- Looking over Honolulu towards the harbor -- Rice field at Waikiki -- Heiau ruin near Kealakekua Bay -- New wharves and market -- Nature's aqueous supply -- W. M. Giffard -- C. S. Holloway -- J. F. Brown -- Peninsula at Pearl Harbor / A. Gartley -- H. A. Isenberg -- Transpacific mail steamers calling at Honolulu -- L. P. Tenney with tourists at Ewa Plantation -- Governor George R. Carter -- Inter-island Steam Navigation Co. and Robinson Buildings, Queen Street -- Views of the Volcano House, Island of Hawaii -- Mail Steamers Ventura, Alameda, Sierra, Sonoma -- Some of our ice delivery wagons -- Looking over Honolulu toward the Koolau Mountains -- A section of Honolulu, Masonic Temple in the foreground -- Pacific Heights and Nuuanu Valle
Performance of the joint LST-1 and MAGIC observations evaluated with Crab Nebula data
No full textFull list of the authors: Abe, H.; Abe, K.; Abe, S.; Acciari, V. A.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Alvarez Crespo, N.; Aniello, T.; Ansoldi, S.; Antonelli, L. A.; Aramo, C.; Arbet-Engels, A.; Arcaro, C.; Artero, M.; Asano, K.; Aubert, P.; Baack, D.; Babić, A.; Baktash, A.; Bamba, A.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Baroncelli, L.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Bednarek, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernardos, M. I.; Bernete Medrano, J.; Berti, A.; Besenrieder, J.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Biederbeck, N.; Bigongiari, C.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Blanch, O.; Bonnoli, G.; Bordas, P.; Bošnjak, Ž.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Buscemi, M.; Busetto, G.; Campoy Ordaz, A.; Cardillo, M.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carrasco, M. S.; Carretero-Castrillo, M.; Cassol, F.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cauz, D.; Cerasole, D.; Ceribella, G.; Chai, Y.; Cheng, K.; Chiavassa, A.; Chikawa, M.; Chytka, L.; Cifuentes, A.; Cikota, S.; Colombo, E.; Contreras, J. L.; Cornelia, A.; Cortina, J.; Costantini, H.; Covino, S.; D'Amico, G.; D'Elia, V.; Da Vela, P.; Dalchenko, M.; Dazzi, F.; De Angelis, A.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Lotto, B.; De Lucia, M.; de Menezes, R.; Del Peral, L.; Del Popolo, A.; Deleglise, G.; Delfino, M.; Delgado Mendez, C.; Delgado Mengual, J.; della Volpe, D.; Dellaiera, M.; Depaoli, D.; De Angelis, A.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Pilato, A.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Dominik, R. M.; Dominis Prester, D.; Donini, A.; Dorner, D.; Doro, M.; Díaz, C.; Eisenberger, L.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Escudero, J.; Fallah Ramazani, V.; Fariña, L.; Fattorini, A.; Ferrara, G.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiasson, A.; Foffano, L.; Font, L.; Freixas Coromina, L.; Fröse, S.; Fukami, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Garcia López, R. J.; Garcia, E.; Garczarczyk, M.; García López, R. J.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Gasparyan, S.; Gaug, M.; Geyer, D.; Giesbrecht Paiva, J. G.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Gliwny, P.; Godinović, N.; Grau, R.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Gunji, S.; Günther, P.; Hackfeld, J.; Hadasch, D.; Hahn, A.; Hashiyama, K.; Hassan, T.; Hayashi, K.; Heckmann, L.; Heller, M.; Herrera Llorente, J.; Hirotani, K.; Hoffmann, D.; Horns, D.; Houles, J.; Hrabovsky, M.; Hrupec, D.; Hui, D.; Hütten, M.; Iarlori, M.; Imazawa, R.; Inada, T.; Inome, Y.; Ioka, K.; Iori, M.; Iotov, R.; Ishio, K.; Jacquemont, M.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jobst, E.; Jormanainen, J.; Jurysek, J.; Kagaya, M.; Karas, V.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kerszberg, D.; Kluge, G. W.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohri, K.; Kong, A.; Kouch, P. M.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; Lainez, M.; Lamanna, G.; Lamastra, A.; Le Flour, T.; Leone, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, L.; Linhoff, M.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; Loporchio, S.; Lorini, A.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Luque-Escamilla, P. L.; Lyard, E.; Láinez Lezáun, M.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B.; Majumdar, P.; Makariev, M.; Mandat, D.; Maneva, G.; Manganaro, M.; Mangano, S.; Mang, N.; Manicò, G.; Mannheim, K.; Mariotti, M.; Marquez, P.; Marsella, G.; Martinez, O.; Martínez, G.; Martínez, M.; Martí, J.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Maurin, G.; Mazin, D.; Menchiari, S.; Mender, S.; Mestre Guillen, E.; Micanovic, S.; Miceli, D.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mirzoyan, R.; Mizuno, T.; Mićanović, S.; Molero González, M.; Molina, E.; Mondal, H. A.; Montaruli, T.; Monteiro, I.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Morselli, A.; Moya, V.; Muraishi, H.; Murase, K.; Nagataki, S.; Nakamori, T.; Nanci, C.; Neronov, A.; Neustroev, V.; Nickel, L.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nigro, C.; Nikolić, L.; Nilsson, K.; Nishijima, K.; Njoh Ekoume, T.; Noda, K.; Nosek, D.; Nozaki, S.; Ohishi, M.; Ohtani, Y.; Oka, T.; Okumura, A.; Orito, R.; Otero-Santos, J.; Paiano, S.; Palatiello, M.; Paneque, D.; Pantaleo, F. R.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Pavletić, L.; Pech, M.; Pecimotika, M.; Peresano, M.; Persic, M.; Pfeiffle, F.; Pietropaolo, E.; Pihet, M.; Pirola, G.; Plard, C.; Podobnik, F.; Poireau, V.; Polo, M.; Pons, E.; Prada Moroni, P. G.; Prandini, E.; Prast, J.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Prouza, M.; Rando, R.; Rhode, W.; Ribó, M.; Rico, J.; Righi, C.; Rizi, V.; Rodriguez Fernandez, G.; Rodríguez Frías, M. D.; Sahakyan, N.; Saito, T.; Sakurai, S.; Sanchez, D. A.; Satalecka, K.; Sato, M.; Sato, Y.; Saturni, F. G.; Savchenko, V.; Schleicher, B.; Schmidt, K.; Schmuckermaier, F.; Schubert, J. L.; Schussler, F.; Schweizer, T.; Sciaccaluga, A.; Siegert, T.; Silvia, R.; Sitarek, J.; Sliusar, V.; Sobczynska, D.; Spolon, A.; Stamerra, A.; Strišković, J.; Strom, D.; Strzys, M.; Suda, Y.; Suutarinen, S.; Šarić, T.; Tajima, H.; Takahashi, H.; Takahashi, M.; Takata, J.; Takeishi, R.; Tam, P. H. T.; Tanaka, S. J.; Tateishi, D.; Tavecchio, F.; Temnikov, P.; Terada, Y.; Terauchi, K.; Terzić, T.; Teshima, M.; Tluczykont, M.; Tokanai, F.; Torres, D. F.; Tosti, L.; Travnicek, P.; Truzzi, S.; Tutone, A.; Ubach, S.; Vacula, M.; Vallania, P.; van Scherpenberg, J.; Vazquez Acosta, M.; Ventura, S.; Verguilov, V.; Viale, I.; Vigliano, A.; Vigorito, C. F.; Visentin, E.; Vitale, V.; Voutsinas, G.; Vovk, I.; Vuillaume, T.; Vázquez Acosta, M.; Walter, R.; Wei, Z.; Will, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Yamazaki, R.; Yoshida, T.; Yoshikoshi, T.; Zywucka, N.Aims. Large-Sized Telescope 1 (LST-1), the prototype for the Large-Sized Telescope at the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory, is concluding its commissioning phase at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos on the island of La Palma. The proximity of LST-1 to the two MAGIC (Major Atmospheric Gamma Imaging Cherenkov) telescopes makes it possible to carry out observations of the same gamma-ray events with both systems.
Methods. We describe the joint LST-1+MAGIC analysis pipeline and used simultaneous Crab Nebula observations and Monte Carlo simulations to assess the performance of the three-telescope system. The addition of the LST-1 telescope allows for the recovery of events in which one of the MAGIC images is too dim to survive analysis quality cuts.
Results. Thanks to the resulting increase in the collection area and stronger background rejection, we found a significant improvement in sensitivity, allowing for the detection of 30% weaker fluxes in the energy range between 200 GeV and 3 TeV. The spectrum of the Crab Nebula, reconstructed in the energy range between similar to 60 GeV and similar to 10 TeV, is in agreement with previous measurements. © The Authors 2023.We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following agencies and organisations: Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports, MEYS LM2015046, LM2018105, LTT17006, EU/MEYS CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001403, CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016007 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000754, Czech Republic; Max Planck Society, German Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (Verbundforschung/ErUM), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFBs 876 and 1491), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italian Ministry for University and Research (MUR); ICRR, University of Tokyo, JSPS, MEXT, Japan; JST SPRING -JPMJSP2108; Narodowe Centrum Nauki, grant number 2019/34/E/ST9/00224, Poland; The Spanish groups acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Spanish Research State Agency (AEI) through the government budget lines PGE2021/28.06.000X.411.01, PGE2022/28.06.000X.411.01 and PGE2022/28.06.000X.711.04, and grants PGC2018-095512-B-I00, PID2019-104114RB-C31, PID2019-107847RB-C44, PID2019-104114RB-C32, PID2019-105510GB-C31, PID2019-104114RB-C33, PID2019-107847RB-C41, PID2019-107847RB-C43, PID2019-107988GB-C22; the "Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa" program through grants no. CEX2021-001131-S, CEX2019-000920S; the "Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu" program through grants no. CEX2019-000918-M, CEX2020-001058-M; the "Juan de la CiervaIncorporacion" program through grant no. IJC2019-040315-I. They also acknowledge the "Programa Operativo" FEDER 2014-2020, Consejeria de Economia y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucia (Ref. 1257737), PAIDI 2020 (Ref. P18-FR-1580) and Universidad de Jaen; "Programa Operativo de Crecimiento Inteligente" FEDER 2014-2020 (Ref. ESFRI-2017-IAC-12), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion, 15% co-financed by Consejeria de Economia, Industria, Comercio y Conocimiento del Gobierno de Canarias; the "CERCA" program of the Generalitat de Catalunya; and the European Union's "Horizon 2020" GA:824064 and NextGenerationEU; We acknowledge the Ramon y Cajal program through grant RYC-2020-028639-I and RYC-2017-22665; State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) and Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements No 262053 and No 317446. This project is receiving funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programs under agreement No 676134. ESCAPE -The European Science Cluster of Astronomy & Particle Physics ESFRI Research Infrastructures has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement no. 824064. We would like to thank the Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias for the excellent working conditions at the Observatorio del Roque de los Muchachos in La Palma. The financial support of the German BMBF, MPG and HGF; the Italian INFN and INAF; the Swiss National Fund SNF; the grants PID2019-104114RB-C31, PID2019-104114RB-C32, PID2019-104114RB-C33, PID2019-105510GB-C31, PID2019-107847RB-C41, PID2019-107847RB-C42, PID2019-107847RB-C44, PID2019-107988GB-C22 funded by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; the Indian Department of Atomic Energy; the Japanese ICRR, the University of Tokyo, JSPS, and MEXT; the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science, National RI Roadmap Project DO1-400/18.12.2020 and the Academy of Finland grant nr. 320045 is gratefully acknowledged.
This work was also been supported by Centros de Excelencia "Severo Ochoa" y Unidades "Maria de Maeztu" program of the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (SEV-2016-0588, CEX2019-000920-S, CEX2019-000918-M, CEX2021-001131-S, MDM-2015-0509-18-2) and by the CERCA institution of the Generalitat de Catalunya; by the Croatian Science Foundation (HrZZ) Project IP-2016-06-9782 and the University of Rijeka Project uniri-prirod-18-48; by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB1491 and SFB876); the Polish Ministry Of Education and Science grant No. 2021/WK/08; and by the Brazilian MCTIC, CNPq and FAPERJ. This work was conducted in the context of the CTA LST Project. A. Berti: development and maintenance of the module ctapipe_io_magic, implementation of processing of MAGIC calibrated data within magic-cta-pipe, general maintenance of the magic-cta-pipe package; F. Di Pierro: development of the simultaneous observations' database and of the first versions of ctapipe_io_magic, cross-checks with the MARS analysis, coordination of the analysis cross-checks; E. Jobst: implementation of tests for low-level comparison of shower images and parameters for MAGIC-only analysis, upgrade of ctapipe_io_magic to new releases of ctapipe, test of magic-cta-pipe for MAGIC-only analysis; Y. Ohtani: responsible for most of magic-cta-pipe analysis code, many tests and optimization of the pipeline, calculation of performance parameters; J. Sitarek: reoptimization and processing of Monte Carlo simulations, calculation of performance parameters, paper drafting; Y. Suda: contribution to the first iteration of implementation of MAGIC to sim_telarray and coordinating the group from the MAGIC side together with F. Di Pierro; E. Visentin: performance parameters cross-check analysis. The rest of the authors have contributed in one or several of the following ways: design, construction, maintenance and operation of the instrument(s); preparation and/or evaluation of the observation proposals; data acquisition, processing, calibration and/or reduction; production of analysis tools and/or related Monte Carlo simulations; discussion and approval of the contents of the draft. J.S. would like to thank ICRR for excellent working conditions during final stages of preparation of this manuscript. Y.S.' work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP21K20368 and JP23K13127. The authors would like to thank anonymous journal referee for the feedback which helped to improve the paper.Peer reviewe
Prospects for a survey of the galactic plane with the Cherenkov Telescope Array
No full textAbe, S. et al.-- Full list of authors: Abe, S.; Abhir, J.; Abhishek, A.; Acero, F.; Acharyya, A.; Adam, R.; Aguasca-Cabot, A.; Agudo, I.; Aguirre-Santaella, A.; Alfaro, J.; Alvarez-Crespo, N.; Alves Batista, R.; Amans, J. -P.; Amato, E.; Ambrosi, G.; Ambrosino, F.; Angüner, E. O.; Aramo, C.; Arcaro, C.; Arrabito, L.; Asano, K.; Ascasíbar, Y.; Aschersleben, J.; Augusto Stuani, L.; Backes, M.; Balazs, C.; Balbo, M.; Ballet, J.; Baquero Larriva, A.; Barbosa Martins, V.; Barres de Almeida, U.; Barrio, J. A.; Batković, I.; Batzofin, R.; Baxter, J.; Becerra González, J.; Beck, G.; Beiske, L.; Belmont, R.; Benbow, W.; Bernardini, E.; Bernete, J.; Bernlöhr, K.; Berti, A.; Bertucci, B.; Beshley, V.; Bhattacharjee, P.; Bhattacharyya, S.; Bi, B.; Biederbeck, N.; Biland, A.; Bissaldi, E.; Biteau, J.; Blanch, O.; Blazek, J.; Bocchino, F.; Boisson, C.; Bolmont, J.; Bonneau Arbeletche, L.; Bonnoli, G.; Bonollo, A.; Bordas, P.; Bosnjak, Z.; Bottacini, E.; Braiding, C.; Bronzini, E.; Brose, R.; Brown, A. M.; Brun, F.; Brunelli, G.; Bucciantini, N.; Bulgarelli, A.; Burelli, I.; Burmistrov, L.; Burton, M.; Burtovoi, A.; Bylund, T.; Calisse, P. G.; Campoy-Ordaz, A.; Cantlay, B. K.; Caproni, A.; Capuzzo-Dolcetta, R.; Caraveo, P.; Caroff, S.; Carosi, A.; Carosi, R.; Carquin, E.; Carrasco, M. -S.; Cascone, E.; Cassol, F.; Castrejon, N.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Cerasole, D.; Cerruti, M.; Chadwick, P. M.; Chambery, P.; Chaty, S.; Chen, A. W.; Chernyakova, M.; Chiavassa, A.; Chytka, L.; Cifuentes, A.; Coimbra Araujo, C. H.; Conforti, V.; Conte, F.; Contreras, J. L.; Cortina, J.; Costa, A.; Costantini, H.; Cotter, G.; Crestan, S.; Cristofari, P.; Cuevas, O.; Curtis-Ginsberg, Z.; D'Aì, A.; D'Amico, G.; D'Ammando, F.; Dadina, M.; Dalchenko, M.; David, L.; Dazzi, F.; de Bony de Lavergne, M.; De Caprio, V.; De Frondat Laadim, F.; de Gouveia Dal Pino, E. M.; De Lotto, B.; De Lucia, M.; de Martino, D.; de Menezes, R.; de Naurois, M.; de Ona Wilhelmi, E.; de Souza, V.; del Peral, L.; Delgado Giler, A. G.; Delgado, C.; Dell'aiera, M.; Della Valle, M.; della Volpe, D.; Depaoli, D.; Di Girolamo, T.; Di Piano, A.; Di Pierro, F.; Di Tria, R.; Di Venere, L.; Díaz, C.; Diebold, S.; Dinesh, A.; Djannati-Ataï, A.; Djuvsland, J.; Domínguez, A.; Dominik, R. M.; Donini, A.; Dörner, J.; Doro, M.; dos Anjos, R. D. C.; Dournaux, J. -L.; Duangchan, C.; Dubos, C.; Dubus, G.; Duffy, S.; Dumora, D.; Dwarkadas, V. V.; Ebr, J.; Eckner, C.; Egberts, K.; Einecke, S.; Elsässer, D.; Emery, G.; Errando, M.; Escanuela, C.; Escarate, P.; Escobar Godoy, M.; Escudero, J.; Esposito, P.; Evoli, C.; Falceta-Goncalves, D.; Fattorini, A.; Fegan, S.; Feijen, K.; Feng, Q.; Ferrand, G.; Ferrarotto, F.; Fiandrini, E.; Fiasson, A.; Filipovic, M.; Fioretti, V.; Fiori, M.; Flores, H.; Foffano, L.; Font Guiteras, L.; Fontaine, G.; Fröse, S.; Fukazawa, Y.; Fukui, Y.; Funk, S.; Furniss, A.; Gaggero, D.; Galanti, G.; Galaz, G.; Gallant, Y. A.; Gallozzi, S.; Gammaldi, V.; Garczarczyk, M.; Gasbarra, C.; Gasparrini, D.; Gaug, M.; Ghalumyan, A.; Giarrusso, M.; Giesbrecht, J.; Giglietto, N.; Giordano, F.; Giuffrida, R.; Giuliani, A.; Glicenstein, J. -F.; Glombitza, J.; Godinovic, N.; Goldoni, P.; González, J. M.; Goulart Coelho, J.; Granot, J.; Grasso, D.; Grau, R.; Gréaux, L.; Green, D.; Green, J. G.; Greenshaw, T.; Grenier, I.; Grolleron, G.; Grondin, M. -H.; Gueta, O.; Gunji, S.; Hackfeld, J.; Hadasch, D.; Hanlon, W.; Hara, S.; Harvey, V. M.; Hassan, T.; Hayashi, K.; Heckmann, L.; Heller, M.; Hermann, G.; Hernández Cadena, S.; Hervet, O.; Hinton, J.; Hiroshima, N.; Hnatyk, B.; Hnatyk, R.; Hofmann, W.; Holder, J.; Holler, M.; Horan, D.; Horvath, P.; Hovatta, T.; Hrabovsky, M.; Iarlori, M.; Inada, T.; Incardona, F.; Inoue, S.; Iocco, F.; Iori, M.; Jamrozy, M.; Janecek, P.; Jankowsky, F.; Jarnot, C.; Jean, P.; Jiménez Martínez, I.; Jin, W.; Juramy-Gilles, C.; Jurysek, J.; Kagaya, M.; Kalekin, O.; Kantzas, D.; Karas, V.; Katagiri, H.; Kataoka, J.; Kaufmann, S.; Kazanas, D.; Kerszberg, D.; Khélifi, B.; Kieda, D. B.; Kissmann, R.; Kleiner, T.; Kluge, G.; Kluźniak, W.; Knödlseder, J.; Kobayashi, Y.; Kohri, K.; Komin, N.; Kornecki, P.; Kosack, K.; Kostunin, D.; Kowal, G.; Kubo, H.; Kushida, J.; La Barbera, A.; La Palombara, N.; Láinez, M.; Lamastra, A.; Lapington, J.; Laporte, P.; Lazarević, S.; Lazendic-Galloway, J.; Lemoine-Goumard, M.; Lenain, J. -P.; Leone, F.; Leto, G.; Leuschner, F.; Lindfors, E.; Linhoff, M.; Liodakis, I.; Lombardi, S.; Longo, F.; López-Coto, R.; López-Moya, M.; López-Oramas, A.; Loporchio, S.; Lozano Bahilo, J.; Lucarelli, F.; Luque-Escamilla, P. L.; Lyard, E.; Macias, O.; Mackey, J.; Maier, G.; Malyshev, D.; Mandat, D.; Manicò, G.; Marcowith, A.; Marinos, P.; Mariotti, M.; Markoff, S.; Marquez, P.; Marsella, G.; Martí, J.; Martin, P.; Martínez, G. A.; Martínez, M.; Martinez, O.; Marty, C.; Mas-Aguilar, A.; Mastropietro, M.; Maurin, G.; Mazin, D.; McKeague, S.; Mello, A. J. T. S.; Menchiari, S.; Mereghetti, S.; Mestre, E.; Meunier, J. -L.; Meyer, D. M. -A.; Miceli, D.; Miceli, M.; Michailidis, M.; Michałowski, J.; Miener, T.; Miranda, J. M.; Mitchell, A.; Mizuno, T.; Moderski, R.; Mohrmann, L.; Molero, M.; Molfese, C.; Molina, E.; Montaruli, T.; Moralejo, A.; Morcuende, D.; Morik, K.; Morlino, G.; Morselli, A.; Moulin, E.; Moya Zamanillo, V.; Mukherjee, R.; Munari, K.; Murach, T.; Muraczewski, A.; Muraishi, H.; Nagataki, S.; Nakamori, T.; Nemmen, R.; Nickel, L.; Niemiec, J.; Nieto, D.; Nievas Rosillo, M.; Nikołajuk, M.; Nikolić, L.; Noda, K.; Nosek, D.; Novosyadlyj, B.; Novotny, V.; Nozaki, S.; Ohishi, M.; Ohtani, Y.; Okumura, A.; Olive, J. -F.; Olmi, B.; Ong, R. A.; Orienti, M.; Orito, R.; Orlandini, M.; Orlando, E.; Orlando, S.; Ostrowski, M.; Oya, I.; Pagano, I.; Pagliaro, A.; Palatiello, M.; Panebianco, G.; Paneque, D.; Pantaleo, F. R.; Paoletti, R.; Paredes, J. M.; Parmiggiani, N.; Patel, S. R.; Patricelli, B.; Pavlović, D.; Pech, M.; Pecimotika, M.; Peresano, M.; Pérez-Romero, J.; Pérez-Torres, M. A.; Peron, G.; Persic, M.; Petrucci, P. -O.; Petruk, O.; Piano, G.; Pierre, E.; Pietropaolo, E.; Pihet, M.; Pintore, F.; Pittori, C.; Plard, C.; Podobnik, F.; Pohl, M.; Pons, E.; Ponti, G.; Prandini, E.; Principe, G.; Priyadarshi, C.; Produit, N.; Prokhorov, D.; Pueschel, E.; Pühlhofer, G.; Pumo, M. L.; Punch, M.; Queiroz, F.; Quirrenbach, A.; Rando, R.; Ravel, T.; Razzaque, S.; Regeard, M.; Reichherzer, P.; Reimer, A.; Reimer, O.; Remy, Q.; Renaud, M.; Reposeur, T.; Rhode, W.; Ribeiro, D.; Ribó, M.; Richtler, T.; Rico, J.; Rieger, F.; Rigoselli, M.; Rizi, V.; Roache, E.; Rodriguez Fernandez, G.; Rodríguez-Vázquez, J. J.; Romano, P.; Romeo, G.; Rosado, J.; Rosales de Leon, A.; Rowell, G.; Rudak, B.; Ruiter, A. J.; Rulten, C. B.; Russo, F.; Sadeh, I.; Saha, L.; Saito, T.; Salzmann, H.; Sánchez-Conde, M.; Sangiorgi, P.; Sano, H.; Santander, M.; Santangelo, A.; Santos-Lima, R.; Sapienza, V.; Šarić, T.; Sarkar, S.; Saturni, F. G.; Scherer, A.; Schiavone, F.; Schipani, P.; Schleicher, B.; Schovanek, P.; Schubert, J. L.; Schussler, F.; Schwanke, U.; Schwefer, G.; Seglar Arroyo, M.; Seitenzahl, I.; Sergijenko, O.; Servillat, M.; Sguera, V.; Sharma, P.; Siejkowski, H.; Siqueira, C.; Sizun, P.; Sliusar, V.; Slowikowska, A.; Sol, H.; Spencer, S. T.; Spiga, D.; Stamerra, A.; Stanič, S.; Starling, R.; Stawarz, Ł.; Steinmassl, S.; Steppa, C.; Stolarczyk, T.; Suda, Y.; Suomijärvi, T.; Tajima, H.; Takeishi, R.; Tanaka, S. J.; Tavecchio, F.; Tavernier, T.; Terada, Y.; Terrier, R.; Teshima, M.; Tian, W. W.; Tibaldo, L.; Tibolla, O.; Torradeflot, F.; Torres, D. F.; Tothill, N.; Toussenel, F.; Touzard, V.; Travnicek, P.; Tripodo, G.; Trois, A.; Tsiahina, A.; Tutone, A.; Umana, G.; Vaclavek, L.; Vacula, M.; Vallania, P.; van Eldik, C.; Vassiliev, V.; Vazquez Acosta, M. L.; Vecchi, M.; Ventura, S.; Vercellone, S.; Verna, G.; Viana, A.; Viaux, N.; Vigliano, A.; Vignatti, J.; Vigorito, C. F.; Villanueva, J.; Vink, J.; Vitale, V.; Vodeb, V.; Voisin, V.; Vorobiov, S.; Voutsinas, G.; Vovk, I.; Vuillaume, T.; Waegebaert, V.; Wagner, S. J.; Walter, R.; Wechakama, M.; White, R.; Wierzcholska, A.; Williams, D. A.; Wohlleben, F.; Yamazaki, R.; Yang, L.; Yoshida, T.; Yoshikoshi, T.; Zacharias, M.; Zaharijas, G.; Zampieri, L.; Zanin, R.; Zavrtanik, D.; Zavrtanik, M.; Zdziarski, A. A.; Zech, A.; Zhdanov, V. I.; Ziętara, K.; Živec, M.; Zuriaga-Puig, J.; De la Torre Luque, P.; Guillemot, L.; Smith, D. A.; CTA ConsortiumApproximately one hundred sources of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays are known in the Milky Way, detected with a combination of targeted observations and surveys. A survey of the entire Galactic Plane in the energy range from a few tens of GeV to a few hundred TeV has been proposed as a Key Science Project for the upcoming Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO). This article presents the status of the studies towards the Galactic Plane Survey (GPS). We build and make publicly available a sky model that combines data from recent observations of known gamma-ray emitters with state-of-the-art physically-driven models of synthetic populations of the three main classes of established Galactic VHE sources (pulsar wind nebulae, young and interacting supernova remnants, and compact binary systems), as well as of interstellar emission from cosmic-ray interactions in the Milky Way. We also perform an optimisation of the observation strategy (pointing pattern and scheduling) based on recent estimations of the instrument performance. We use the improved sky model and observation strategy to simulate GPS data corresponding to a total observation time of 1620 hours spread over ten years. Data are then analysed using the methods and software tools under development for real data. Under our model assumptions and for the realisation considered, we show that the GPS has the potential to increase the number of known Galactic VHE emitters by almost a factor of five. This corresponds to the detection of more than two hundred pulsar wind nebulae and a few tens of supernova remnants at average integral fluxes one order of magnitude lower than in the existing sample above 1 TeV, therefore opening the possibility to perform unprecedented population studies. The GPS also has the potential to provide new VHE detections of binary systems and pulsars, to confirm the existence of a hypothetical population of gamma-ray pulsars with an additional TeV emission component, and to detect bright sources capable of accelerating particles to PeV energies (PeVatrons). Furthermore, the GPS will constitute a pathfinder for deeper follow-up observations of these source classes. Finally, we show that we can extract from GPS data an estimate of the contribution to diffuse emission from unresolved sources, and that there are good prospects of detecting interstellar emission and statistically distinguishing different scenarios. Thus, a survey of the entire Galactic plane carried out from both hemispheres with CTAO will ensure a transformational advance in our knowledge of Galactic VHE source populations and interstellar emission. © 2024 The Author(s).We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the following agencies and organisations:
State Committee of Science of Armenia, Armenia; The Australian Research Council, Astronomy Australia Ltd, The University of Adelaide, Australian National University, Monash
University, The University of New South Wales, The University of Sydney, Western Sydney
University, Australia; Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Research, and Innsbruck
University, Austria; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq),
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ), Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP), Fundação de Apoio à Ciência, Tecnologia
e Inovação do Paraná — Fundação Araucária, Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovations
and Communications (MCTIC), Brasil; Ministry of Education and Science, National RI
Roadmap Project DO1-153/28.08.2018, Bulgaria; The Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada and the Canadian Space Agency, Canada; CONICYT-Chile grants CATA AFB 170002, ANID PIA/APOYO AFB 180002, ACT 1406, FONDECYT-Chile
grants, 1161463, 1170171, 1190886, 1171421, 1170345, 1201582, Gemini-ANID 32180007,
Chile, W.M. gratefully acknowledges support by the ANID BASAL projects ACE210002
and FB210003, and FONDECYT 11190853; Croatian Science Foundation, Rudjer Boskovic
Institute, University of Osijek, University of Rijeka, University of Split, Faculty of Electrical
Engineering, Mechanical Engineering and Naval Architecture, University of Zagreb, Faculty
of Electrical Engineering and Computing, Croatia; Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports,
MEYS LM2015046, LM2018105, LTT17006, EU/MEYS CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_013/0001403,
CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/18_046/0016007 and CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000754, Czech Republic; Academy of Finland (grant nr.317636 and 320045), Finland; Ministry of Higher
Education and Research, CNRS-INSU and CNRS-IN2P3, CEA-Irfu, ANR, Regional Council
Ile de France, Labex ENIGMASS, OCEVU, OSUG2020 and P2IO, France; The German
Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), the Max Planck Society, the German Research
Foundation (DFG, with Collaborative Research Centres 876 & 1491), and the Helmholtz
Association, Germany; Department of Atomic Energy, Department of Science and Technology, India; Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
(INFN), MIUR, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF-OABRERA) Grant Fondazione
Cariplo/Regione Lombardia ID 2014-1980/RST_ERC, Italy; ICRR, University of Tokyo,
JSPS, MEXT, Japan; Netherlands Research School for Astronomy (NOVA), Netherlands
Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Netherlands; University of Oslo, Norway; Ministry of Science and Higher Education, DIR/WK/2017/12, the National Centre for Research
and Development and the National Science Centre, UMO-2016/22/M/ST9/00583, Poland;
Slovenian Research Agency, grants P1-0031, P1-0385, I0-0033, J1-9146, J1-1700, N1-0111,
and the Young Researcher program, Slovenia; South African Department of Science and
Technology and National Research Foundation through the South African Gamma-Ray
Astronomy Programme, South Africa; The Spanish groups acknowledge the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the Spanish Research State Agency (AEI) through
the government budget lines PGE2021/28.06.000X.411.01, PGE2022/28.06.000X.411.01
and PGE2022/28.06.000X.711.04, and grants PID2022-139117NB-C44, PID2019-104114RBC31, PID2019-107847RB-C44, PID2019-104114RB-C32, PID2019-105510GB-C31, PID2019-
104114RB-C33, PID2019-107847RB-C41, PID2019-107847RB-C43, PID2019-107847RB-C42,
PID2019-107988GB-C22, PID2021-124581OB-I00, PID2021-125331NB-I00; the “Centro de
Excelencia Severo Ochoa” program through grants no. CEX2019-000920-S, CEX2020-001007-
S, CEX2021-001131-S; the “Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu” program through grants
no. CEX2019-000918-M, CEX2020-001058-M; the “Ramón y Cajal” program through grants
RYC2021-032552-I, RYC2021-032991-I, RYC2020-028639-I and RYC-2017-22665; the “Juan
de la Cierva-Incorporación” program through grants no. IJC2018-037195-I, IJC2019-040315-I.
They also acknowledge the “Atracción de Talento” program of Comunidad de Madrid through
grant no. 2019-T2/TIC-12900; the project “Tecnologiás avanzadas para la exploracioń del
universo y sus componentes” (PR47/21 TAU), funded by Comunidad de Madrid, by the
Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan from the Spanish State, and by NextGenerationEU from the European Union through the Recovery and Resilience Facility; the La Caixa
Banking Foundation, grant no. LCF/BQ/PI21/11830030; the “Programa Operativo” FEDER 2014-2020, Consejería de Economía y Conocimiento de la Junta de Andalucía (ref. 1257737),
PAIDI 2020 (ref. P18-FR-1580) and Universidad de Jaén; “Programa Operativo de Crecimiento Inteligente” FEDER 2014-2020 (ref. ESFRI-2017-IAC-12), Ministerio de Ciencia e
Innovación, 15% co-financed by Consejería de Economía, Industria, Comercio y Conocimiento
del Gobierno de Canarias; the “CERCA” program and the grant 2021SGR00426, both funded
by the Generalitat de Catalunya; and the European Union’s Horizon 2020 GA:824064 and
NextGenerationEU (PRTR-C17.I1); Swedish Research Council, Royal Physiographic Society
of Lund, Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, The Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC) at Lunarc (Lund), Sweden; State Secretariat for Education, Research and
Innovation (SERI) and Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF), Switzerland; Durham
University, Leverhulme Trust, Liverpool University, University of Leicester, University of
Oxford, Royal Society, Science and Technology Facilities Council, U.K.; U.S. National Science
Foundation, U.S. Department of Energy, Argonne National Laboratory, Barnard College,
University of California, University of Chicago, Columbia University, Georgia Institute of
Technology, Institute for Nuclear and Particle Astrophysics (INPAC-MRPI program), Iowa
State University, the Smithsonian Institution, V.V.D. is funded by NSF grant AST-1911061,
Washington University McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences, The University of Wisconsin
and the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, U.S.A..
The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s
Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreements No 262053 and
No 317446. This project is receiving funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programs under agreement No 676134.
This research made use of ctools, a community-developed gamma-ray astronomy science
analysis software. ctools is based on GammaLib, a community-developed toolbox for the
scientific analysis of astronomical gamma-ray data. This research made use of gammapy,12
a community-developed core Python package for TeV gamma-ray astronomy.Peer reviewe
Paradise of the Pacific, vol. 24 no. 12 1911-12
No full textARTICLES: Hawaii the key of the Pacific -- Christmas -- 1911-1912 -- Decline of the local yellow peril -- Mr. Westervelt appreciated -- An appreciation from a carnegie geophysist -- Flowers -- Cultivation of cork -- The Christmas cover -- Life of Kamehameha I Kamehameha becomes king / Rev. W. D. Westervelt -- Taro - colocasia antiquorum -- Agriculture in Hawaii / Vaughan MacCaughey -- When the H. M. S. Blonde brought the bodies of Kamehameha II and Queen from England - the erection of the first monument to Captain Cook -- A Hawaiian bill of fare / Elinor Alice Langton -- The falls of Oblivion / Mrs. F. H. -- The associated charities of Hawaii / Mrs. A. C. Jordan -- A decade of rapid transit -- Hawaiian news company, limited -- Growth of Hawaii's manufactures -- The pineapple industry / E. V. Wilcox -- Hawaii -- Love's wireless / Abby Stuart Marsh --Brought in vengance -- A manual of Philippine silk culture -- Honolulu politics - 1948 / George F. Henshall -- The intersection of Fort and King streets, Honolulu; generally a busy scene -- Regatta day in Honolulu a bit of aquatic history / A. G. M. Robertson -- Work of a year of the Hawaii promotion committee -- Peculiarities of Hawaiian soils / W. P. Kelley -- Our especial story-teller -- Some preliminary results of the last census of Hawaii / Victor S. Clark -- Statistics of population -- Males over eight yaers of age in Hawaii -- Statistic of manufacturers -- Hawaii's education facilities / Willis T. Pope -- The public schools of the territory by counties October 31, 1911 -- Chronological order -- Educational chronology -- He that was born of woman / E. V. Wilcox -- Honolulu banks -- China's contribution to Hawaiian fruit-growing / J. Edgar Higgins -- Inter-island transportation in Hawaii / J. A. Kennedy. IMAGES: Magnificent grove of Hawaiian mahogany (koa), Col. Spalding's Place, Kauai -- Lawaola Falls, near Hilo -- The taro plant -- Onion beds, in a vegetable garden near Honolulu -- A field of sweet potatoes -- A Chinese vegetable garden near Honolulu. This portion of the garden is devoted to the lettuce and onions -- Bee-farming. A profitable apiary in one of the coast-wise algaroba thickets on the road towards Koko Head, Oahu -- A view from the Waianae Mountains showing Pearl Harbor and the adjacent rich agricultural lands of Ewa, Waipahu, and Aiea -- A fertile agricultural plain. View from the Waianae Mountains overlooking the ranch lands of Leilehua, the pineapple fields of Wahiawa, and the cane-fields of Waialua -- Kamehameha II, whose body was brought back to Hawaii by the British warship "Blonde" in 1825 -- Tamehamalu, consort of Kamehameha II, whose body accompanied that of her husband -- Old native churches back in the early missionary days -- "Scene in Honoruru," very likely a portion of Nuuanu Valleye, from an old engraving in the "Voyage of H.M.S. Blonde" -- "Fish ponds near Honoruru," reproduced from an engraving in the "Voyage of H.M.S. Blonde," 1826 -- Hanauma Bay, Koko Head, Oahu, where seas from the inter-island channel pound heavily -- Hanapepe Falls, Kauai -- The little ones may command the Associated Charities -- A little family kept together by Associated Charitites -- Where the Associated Charities finds much to do -- Honolulu's electric-car service is unsurpassed anywhere -- Byron O. Clark -- William B. Thomas -- Alfred W. Eames -- James D. Dole -- Field of the Hawaiian Pineapple Company's plantation, Wahiawa, Oahu -- Harvesting pineapples on the Thomas Plantation, Wahiawa -- The pineapples are placed in boxes as shown in the illustration, immediately taken to the cannery and canned the same day -- Pineapples naerly ride enough to harvest -- Field of Hawaiian Islands Packing Co. at Wahiawa, showing Mr. Eame's use of the automobile on the plantation -- Entrancing view of T. J. King's premises, 1324 Pilikoi street -- Capitol of Hawaii, view from Alakea and King steets -- His late majesty Kalakaua, patron of aquatic sports -- Olaf Sorenson, former Myrtle stoke -- A. G. M. Robertson, father of Regatta Day -- F. W. Klebahn, former Healani stroke -- Prince Kalanianaole, former Leilani stroke -- T. V. King, president Myrtle Boat Club -- J. E. Jaeger, president Healani Boat Club -- Surf-boating in the rollers at Waikiki. The outrigger canoes, skillfully guided, come in-shore with express-train rapidity -- H. P. Wood, secretary and director Hawaii promotion committee -- Sisal plant (agave americana) in Hawaii -- Rev. W. D. Westervelt -- Dr. Victor S. Clark who had charge of the census of 1910 in Hawaii -- Supervising principals, Board of Education -- Palm avenue, Oahu College grounds -- Name and location of the public schools, County of Hawaii -- Public schols, Maui County -- Public schools, city and county of Honolulu -- Homelike residence of A. L. Castle, Nuuanu Valley -- Magnificent mansion of James B. Castle, by the sea, Waikiki -- Glimpse through beautiful grounds of E. D. Tenney, Makiki -- Frank Halstead's Colonial residence, Makiki -- Public schools, Kauai County -- Charming home of L. Tenney Peck, foothills of Makiki -- Phyllocatus latiflora, T. J. King's premises, Piikoi street -- J. Edgar Higgins horiculturist, U. S. agricultural experiment station, Hawaii -- The litchee -- The longan -- The carambola -- Chinese chutney mangoes -- Capt. Freeman -- The brand-new, spick-and-span "Kilauea," latest addition to the fine steamer fleet of the Inter-island Steam Navigation Co -- The Hilo Branch of H. Hackfeld & Co
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