605 research outputs found
Redescription of the oldest crown clade penguin: cranial osteology, jaw myology, neuroanatomy, and phylogenetic affinities of <i>Madrynornis mirandus</i>
No full textMadrynornis mirandus, one of the few fossil penguins known from a nearly complete articulated skeleton, represents a key taxon for understanding the stem-crown transition in penguins. Despite the wealth of morphological character data preserved in the holotype specimen, the phylogenetic placement of this early late Miocene taxon has remained controversial. Reexamination of the Madrynornis mirandus holotype provides support for placement within the penguin crown clade. However, this placement is highly sensitive to the molecular signal and Madrynornis falls just outside the crown clade when molecular data are excluded. The neuroanatomy of Madrynornis shares many derived features with extant penguins, including an airencephalic brain shape, highly reduced bulbus olfactorius, and absence of an interaural pathway. However, the brain endocast differs from all surveyed extant species in that the eminentia sagittalis (wulst) is less caudally expanded, the tectum opticus is relatively less developed, and the flocculus is stouter and more laterally disposed. The cranial osteology and reconstructed jaw myology of Madrynornis suggest a primarily piscivorous diet, which likely characterizes the clade uniting Madrynornis, Inguza, Eudyptula, and Spheniscus. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Degrange, F. J., D. T. Ksepka, and C. P. Tambussi. 2018. Redescription of the oldest crown clade penguin: cranial osteology, jaw myology, neuroanatomy, and phylogenetic affinities of Madrynornis mirandus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2018.1445636.Fil: Degrange, Federico J.. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Ksepka, Daniel T.. Bruce Museum; Estados UnidosFil: Tambussi, Claudia Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentin
A revision of skull morphology in Phorusrhacidae (Aves, Cariamiformes)
No full textPhorusrhacidae, popularly known as ‘terror birds’, are the most speciose clade within the avian order Cariamiformes, with a fossil record that ranges from the Eocene to the Pleistocene. Although several species have preserved skulls, our understanding of their cranial morphology remains incomplete. Here, a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge of phorusrhacid skull anatomy is presented. The phorusrhacid skull bauplan includes salient features such as deep, triangular fossae temporales, a complex basipterygoid articulation and the loss of bending zones related to kinesis. Two skull morphotypes can be discriminated: the psilopterine and the ‘terror bird’ type. The ‘terror bird’ skull type is here considered an evolutionary specialization, indicating that among phorusrhacids, medium-size to large phorusrhacids show more rigid and stiffer skulls. Nevertheless, studies have shown that the two morphotypes may have handled prey in a similar manner, suggesting that a trophic specialization with a unique hunting technique was the key driver of the evolution of the phorusrhacid skull.Fil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentin
Geometric morphometrics of the skull of Tinamidae (Aves, Palaeognathae)
No full textThe Tinamidae comprise exclusively Neotropical palaegnathous birds, with homogeneous body morphology and no sexual dimorphism. The goal of this work was to explore the variation in skull morphology between taxa and its possible correspondence with features such as diet or gender using geometric morphometric tools. Eleven landmarks were analyzed in 53 skulls of 4 genera that inhabit grasslands: Nothoprocta, Eudromia, Nothura and Rhynchotus. Intrageneric and intergeneric variability was analyzed. The genera studied here can be distinguished based on the geometric shape of their skull, with prenarial region length and neurocranium shape as the most outstanding features. In the genus Eudromia, males and females could be differentiated, while in the genus Nothoprocta, the species differentiated according to their trophic habits. This study allows establishing that genera and, in some cases, the gender of the Tinamidae can be differentiated based on cranial shape.Fil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Picasso, Mariana Beatriz Julieta. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentin
Correction: The evolution of giant flightless birds and novel phylogenetic relationships for extinct fowl (Aves, Galloanseres)
No full textTable 1 was presented incorrectly in the published paper. The corrected table is shown.Fil: Worthy, Trevor Henry. Flinders University; AustraliaFil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Handley, Warren D.. Flinders University; AustraliaFil: Lee, Mike S. Y.. Flinders University; Australi
De la traduction : J. Thibaudeau et J.-P. Manganaro médiateurs d’Italo Calvino
No full textLabel européenTranslation, the real founder of European unity, represents the privileged place for observation of the meeting of different cultures, writings and literary characters. In this light, the study of the transpositions of the works of Italo Calvino in France reveals how, between neighbouring countries there exists profound linguistic and cultural differences brought to light on occasion of an analysis of the original text and its translation.On the basis of this research we find thus the meeting between close but distinctly different civilisations, put in relation by two translators with heterogeneous experience and sensitivity. Our investigation concerns not only the translations but also the retranslation of the main works of Calvino on the part of Jean Thibaudeau, writer for the book trade and for the radio, selected by the author himself (in the 1970s), and of Jean-Paul Manganaro, professional translator, nominated by the publisher ‘Le Seuil’ (in the 1980s).Works such as Les Villes invisibles and La Route de San Giovanni put in light the relationship of J. Thibaudeau and J.-P. Manganaro with the translated text. Collection de sable and Le Château des destins croisés underline how from two different personalities, two different versions of the same work can emerge, which are then sometimes rewritten by the author.Antonymous characters, the translators in question revealed themselves to be two great mediators : through their own personal creation, the two took charge of giving an image to the Italian writer on the French side of the Alps, bringing up-to-date the role of the literary translator-go-between in our society. The character of Hermes appears in the background.La traduction, pratique fondatrice de la véritable unité européenne, représente le lieu privilégié pour l’observation de la rencontre de cultures, écritures et personnalités littéraires différentes. Dans cette optique, l’étude des transpositions des œuvres de l’écrivain Italo Calvino en France dévoile l’existence, entre des pays limitrophes, d’écarts profonds, au niveau linguistique et culturel, qui surgissent à l’occasion de l’analyse comparée d’un texte original et de sa version transposée.À la base de cette recherche se situe donc la rencontre entre civilisations proches mais distinctes mises en relation par deux traducteurs ayant des expériences et des sensibilités hétérogènes. Notre investigation s’appuie non seulement sur les traductions mais aussi sur les retraductions des œuvres principales d’I. Calvino par Jean Thibaudeau, écrivain pour l’édition et la radiodiffusion, choisi par l’auteur lui-même (années 1970), et par Jean-Paul Manganaro, traducteur professionnel, désigné par la maison éditoriale ‘Le Seuil’ (années 1980).Des œuvres comme Les Villes invisibles et La Route de San Giovanni mettent en lumière le rapport individuel de J. Thibaudeau et de J.-P. Manganaro avec le texte traduit : tourné vers l’écriture, le premier n’hésite pas à donner sa version des Villes calviniennes, en privilégiant les harmonies sonores du texte source, alors que le deuxième, fidèle à la lettre, sait toutefois en préserver l’esprit et se tenir en équilibre entre son et sens. Les recueils de Collection de sable et du Château des destins croisés dévoilent ensuite la manière dont deux personnalités (Thibaudeau-Manganaro et Thibaudeau-Calvino) peuvent donner deux versions totalement différentes d’un même ouvrage, parfois successivement réécrit par l’auteur – comme ce fut le cas pour le Château.Figures antonymes, les traducteurs observés se sont révélés en plus deux grands médiateurs : par le biais de leurs créations personnelles (livres, articles, et émissions radiophoniques transcrites dans les Annexes de la thèse), ils se sont chargés de donner une image de l’écrivain italien sur le versant francophone des Alpes, en actualisant le rôle du traducteur-médiateur littéraire dans nos sociétés. La figure d’Hermès, messager des dieux, symbole du traducteur-médiateur, se profile en arrière plan
Redescription of the oldest crown clade penguin: cranial osteology, jaw myology, neuroanatomy, and phylogenetic affinities of <i>Madrynornis mirandus</i>
No full textMadrynornis mirandus, one of the few fossil penguins known from a nearly complete articulated skeleton, represents a key taxon for understanding the stem-crown transition in penguins. Despite the wealth of morphological character data preserved in the holotype specimen, the phylogenetic placement of this early late Miocene taxon has remained controversial. Reexamination of the Madrynornis mirandus holotype provides support for placement within the penguin crown clade. However, this placement is highly sensitive to the molecular signal and Madrynornis falls just outside the crown clade when molecular data are excluded. The neuroanatomy of Madrynornis shares many derived features with extant penguins, including an airencephalic brain shape, highly reduced bulbus olfactorius, and absence of an interaural pathway. However, the brain endocast differs from all surveyed extant species in that the eminentia sagittalis (wulst) is less caudally expanded, the tectum opticus is relatively less developed, and the flocculus is stouter and more laterally disposed. The cranial osteology and reconstructed jaw myology of Madrynornis suggest a primarily piscivorous diet, which likely characterizes the clade uniting Madrynornis, Inguza, Eudyptula, and Spheniscus. SUPPLEMENTAL DATA—Supplemental materials are available for this article for free at www.tandfonline.com/UJVP Citation for this article: Degrange, F. J., D. T. Ksepka, and C. P. Tambussi. 2018. Redescription of the oldest crown clade penguin: cranial osteology, jaw myology, neuroanatomy, and phylogenetic affinities of Madrynornis mirandus. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. DOI: 10.1080/02724634.2018.1445636.</p
De la traduction : J. Thibaudeau et J.-P. Manganaro médiateurs d’Italo Calvino
No full textLabel européenTranslation, the real founder of European unity, represents the privileged place for observation of the meeting of different cultures, writings and literary characters. In this light, the study of the transpositions of the works of Italo Calvino in France reveals how, between neighbouring countries there exists profound linguistic and cultural differences brought to light on occasion of an analysis of the original text and its translation.On the basis of this research we find thus the meeting between close but distinctly different civilisations, put in relation by two translators with heterogeneous experience and sensitivity. Our investigation concerns not only the translations but also the retranslation of the main works of Calvino on the part of Jean Thibaudeau, writer for the book trade and for the radio, selected by the author himself (in the 1970s), and of Jean-Paul Manganaro, professional translator, nominated by the publisher ‘Le Seuil’ (in the 1980s).Works such as Les Villes invisibles and La Route de San Giovanni put in light the relationship of J. Thibaudeau and J.-P. Manganaro with the translated text. Collection de sable and Le Château des destins croisés underline how from two different personalities, two different versions of the same work can emerge, which are then sometimes rewritten by the author.Antonymous characters, the translators in question revealed themselves to be two great mediators : through their own personal creation, the two took charge of giving an image to the Italian writer on the French side of the Alps, bringing up-to-date the role of the literary translator-go-between in our society. The character of Hermes appears in the background.La traduction, pratique fondatrice de la véritable unité européenne, représente le lieu privilégié pour l’observation de la rencontre de cultures, écritures et personnalités littéraires différentes. Dans cette optique, l’étude des transpositions des œuvres de l’écrivain Italo Calvino en France dévoile l’existence, entre des pays limitrophes, d’écarts profonds, au niveau linguistique et culturel, qui surgissent à l’occasion de l’analyse comparée d’un texte original et de sa version transposée.À la base de cette recherche se situe donc la rencontre entre civilisations proches mais distinctes mises en relation par deux traducteurs ayant des expériences et des sensibilités hétérogènes. Notre investigation s’appuie non seulement sur les traductions mais aussi sur les retraductions des œuvres principales d’I. Calvino par Jean Thibaudeau, écrivain pour l’édition et la radiodiffusion, choisi par l’auteur lui-même (années 1970), et par Jean-Paul Manganaro, traducteur professionnel, désigné par la maison éditoriale ‘Le Seuil’ (années 1980).Des œuvres comme Les Villes invisibles et La Route de San Giovanni mettent en lumière le rapport individuel de J. Thibaudeau et de J.-P. Manganaro avec le texte traduit : tourné vers l’écriture, le premier n’hésite pas à donner sa version des Villes calviniennes, en privilégiant les harmonies sonores du texte source, alors que le deuxième, fidèle à la lettre, sait toutefois en préserver l’esprit et se tenir en équilibre entre son et sens. Les recueils de Collection de sable et du Château des destins croisés dévoilent ensuite la manière dont deux personnalités (Thibaudeau-Manganaro et Thibaudeau-Calvino) peuvent donner deux versions totalement différentes d’un même ouvrage, parfois successivement réécrit par l’auteur – comme ce fut le cas pour le Château.Figures antonymes, les traducteurs observés se sont révélés en plus deux grands médiateurs : par le biais de leurs créations personnelles (livres, articles, et émissions radiophoniques transcrites dans les Annexes de la thèse), ils se sont chargés de donner une image de l’écrivain italien sur le versant francophone des Alpes, en actualisant le rôle du traducteur-médiateur littéraire dans nos sociétés. La figure d’Hermès, messager des dieux, symbole du traducteur-médiateur, se profile en arrière plan
Results of MLVA and P1 gene types according to macrolide susceptibility and comparison of PSI scores among CAP patients.
No full text<p><sup>a</sup> PSI score (mean ± SD) of corresponding patients.</p><p><sup>b</sup> ND: not done.</p><p><sup>c</sup> Not classifiable using the scheme proposed by Degrange et al. (2009).</p><p>: J VS M p<0.001, J VS P p = 0.001, J VS S p = 0.008, J VS V p<0.001, J VS X p<0.001, J VS Z p = 0.016;</p><p>: U VS E p = 0.031, U VS M p<0.001, U VS P p<0.001, U VS S p<0.001, U VS V p<0.001, U VS X p<0.001, U VS Z p<0.001.</p
Jaw myology and bite force of the monk parakeet (Aves, Psittaciformes)
No full textPsittaciform birds exhibit novelties in jaw bone structure and musculature that are associated with strong bite forces. These features include an ossified arcus suborbitalis and the muscles ethmomandibularis and pseudomasseter. We analyse the jaw musculature of the monk parakeet (Myiopsitta monachus) to enable future studies aimed at understanding craniofacial development, morphology, function and evolution. We estimate bite force based on muscle dissections, physiological cross-sectional area and skull biomechanical modelling. We also compare our results with available data for other birds and traced the evolutionary origin of the three novel diagnostic traits. Our results indicate that, in Myiopsitta, (i) the arcus suborbitalis is absent and the orbit is ventrally closed by an elongate processus orbitalis and a short ligamentum suborbitale; (ii) the ethmomandibularis muscle is a conspicuous muscle with two bellies, with its origin on the anterior portion of the septum interorbitale and insertion on the medial aspect of the mandible; (iii) the pseudomasseter muscle consists of some fibers arising from the m. adductor mandibulae externus superficialis, covering the lateral surface of the arcus jugalis and attaches by an aponeurotic sheet on the processus orbitalis; (iv) a well-developed adductor mandibulae complex is present; (v) the bite force estimation relative to body mass is higher than that calculated for other non-psittaciform species; and (vi) character evolution analysis revealed that the absence of the arcus suborbitalis and the presence of the m. pseudomassseter are the ancestral conditions, and mapping is inconclusive about presence of one or two bellies of the m. ethmomandibularis.Fil: Carril, Julieta. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Cátedra de Histología y Embriología Animal; ArgentinaFil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Tambussi, Claudia Patricia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentin
Skull Anatomy of the Bizarre Crocodylian Mourasuchus nativus (Alligatoridae, Caimaninae)
No full textMourasuchus is a Miocene alligatorid endemic to South America, and is represented by four species. Together with the closely related Purussaurus, it is a peculiar crocodylian taxon of neogene Caimaninae and one of the most bizarre forms among eusuchian crocodiles. The phylogenetic relationships between Mourasuchus species have not been explored, and detailed skull descriptions are scarce. The goal of this study is to provide new data on skull morphology and cranial recesses in Mourasuchus nativus, including a new tomography analysis (3D modeling). We observed that several diagnostic characters of Purussaurus, such as lack of contact between the nasal and lacrimal, separation of the nasal and frontal by the prefrontals, and the posterior dorsal margin of the skull table, are shared with Mourasuchus. M. nativus is characterized by the presence of solid transverse squamosal eminences, large posttemporal fenestrae, and a quadrate laterocaudal bridge separating V2-V3 trigeminal openings. Compared with other crocodylians, the endocast of M. nativus is similar in shape but quite sigmoid in lateral view, the canal of the supraorbital ramus of V2 is more vertically oriented, the thick tympanic branch canal opens in a large foramen aligned with trigeminal foramen, and the canal of the vagal (X) tympanic ramus is also very wide. Contrary to extant alligatorids, the median pharyngeal recess remains paired throughout its course and only connects its opposite fellow near the external ventral opening. The knowledge of the internal skull anatomy of Mourasuchus contributes to the understanding of the general morphology of alligatorids, Caimaninae, and their variation.Fil: Bona, Paula. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Degrange, Federico Javier. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; ArgentinaFil: Fernández, Marta Susana. Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División Paleontología Vertebrados; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin
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