130 research outputs found
Is democracy the rule of majority chosen in elections?
No full textThe paper critically examines the conception of majoritarian democracy. In the second part of the text, the author introduces the definition of majoritarian democracy based on the Joseph Schumpeter’s theory of minimal democracy. The thesis of the paper is that electing the government by universal suffrage is neither necessary nor sufficient as a condition for a democratic regime. The concept of democracy is broader, including the catalogue of democratic values connected with the concept of democratic citizenship, special circumstances of political action and the limitation of government powers
Democratic status of constitutional review of legislation
No full textConstitutional review of legislation is the power to examine
statutes for their conformity with the constitution. This competence
is performed by the judiciary. The origins of this institution
date back to XIX century and since that time constitutional review
of legislation has became an important institution in most democratic
states. In the paper, the author answers the most important
charge raised against constitutional review – that it lacks democratic
legitimacy. According to Jeremy Waldron, there is always
a loss to democracy when a majoritian decision is overruled by
a politically unaccountable court. As an answer to Waldron’s objection,
the author introduces three arguments for the democratic
status of constitutional review. These arguments point to three different
sources of legitimacy for constitutional review: democratic
will of the people, the principle of respect for the democratic reason,
and substantial democratic values.511701869Filozofia Publiczna i Edukacja Demokratyczn
Football activity recognition: Improving and testing football activity recognition based on signal data using deep learning.
No full textThere is a raising demand for player statistics in the world of football. With the developments over the last years in wearable sensors, Human Activity Recognition (HAR) based on wearable IMU sensors can be used to tackle this problem. This thesis builds upon an earlier research done for this topic, where an end-to-end pipeline based on deep learning was created that is able to be trained and used for football activity recognition. The goal is to test and improve said pipeline. This was done by adding change of directions (COD’s) to the classifiable activities. Furthermore, run velocities were build as a spectrum with several categories depending on the speed. A combination of convolutional and recurrent layers resulted in test accuracies up to 88.9%.Afterwards, the pipeline was used to evaluate larger datasets containing football drill and a football physiotherapy training. For this a sliding window evaluation procedure was proposed. These evaluations gave promising results. Many actions and football related activities could be recognized, however many smaller, shorter actions were missed. This can be seen as lack in trainingdata. In this data, little activities with the ball were present. Hence the deep learning models could not be trained accordingly. Later, it was researchedif additional training of activities with ball increased the evaluation. This was indeed confirmed, since the evaluations showed more detailed and realistic results. Including even more additional trainingdata, could result in the pipeline performing reliably in real-life football scenario’s.Applied Mathematics | Stochastic
Towards a soft concept of the state neutrality principle
No full textThe paper considers an important issue of the meaning ascribed to the state’s neutrality principle. The author aims at defining the adequate formula of state’s neutrality principle, starting with the most significant objection that is raised against the principle (named by the author as “skeptic’s charge”). The purpose of the paper is elaborating a formula of state’s neutrality that is resistant to skeptical charge. The author analyzes possible elements of the conception of neutrality by indicating three different questions concerning: (1) the character of the principle, (2) its justification (ratio) and (3) its object. In the concluding part he elaborates the formula of soft state’s neutrality which is, according to him, theoretically well-grounded as well as functional and useful in practical discourses (especially in legal discourse)
Improving state estimation through projection post-processing for activity recognition with application to football
No full textThe past decade has seen an increased interest in human activity recognition
based on sensor data. Most often, the sensor data come unannotated, creating
the need for fast labelling methods. For assessing the quality of the
labelling, an appropriate performance measure has to be chosen. Our main
contribution is a novel post-processing method for activity recognition. It
improves the accuracy of the classification methods by correcting for
unrealistic short activities in the estimate. We also propose a new performance
measure, the Locally Time-Shifted Measure (LTS measure), which addresses
uncertainty in the times of state changes. The effectiveness of the
post-processing method is evaluated, using the novel LTS measure, on the basis
of a simulated dataset and a real application on sensor data from football. The
simulation study is also used to discuss the choice of the parameters of the
post-processing method and the LTS measure.Comment: This preprint has not undergone peer review (when applicable) or any
post-submission improvements or corrections. The Version of Record of this
article is published in Statistical Methods & Applications, and is available
online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s10260-023-00696-
Narrow or broad? : questioning the scope of public reason
No full textThis paper considers a fundamental issue set against the backcloth of John Rawls's political theory, namely the issue of the proper scope of public reason. The concept of the scope of public reason refers to situations when publicly accessible reasons have moral priority over other normative considerations. The case is worth considering because, although making several remarks, Rawls's position on the problem is ambiguous. In the paper, the author reconstructs the accurate scope by invoking two criteria: person oriented and issue oriented. The philosophical discussion on the subject is dominated by two interpretations of the breadth of public reason; however, the author believes we may indicate four plausible answers to the stated question
Narrow or Broad? Questioning the Scope of Public Reason
No full textThis paper considers a fundamental issue set against the backcloth of John Rawls’s political theory, namely the issue of the proper scope of public reason. The concept of the scope of public reason refers to situations when publicly accessible reasons have moral priority over other normative considerations. The case is worth considering because, although making several remarks, Rawls’s position on the problem is ambiguous. In the paper, the author reconstructs the accurate scope by invoking two criteria: person oriented and issue oriented. The philosophical discussion on the subject is dominated by two interpretations of the breadth of public reason; however, the author believes we may indicate four plausible answers to the stated question
Cultural exemptions as an object of a theoretical discussion : in search for a framework
No full textIn the paper, the author introduces a theoretical framework for a contemporary discussion regarding the permissibility of cultural exemptions (accommodations). The author distinguishes three levels of analysis that need to be addressed in any legislative case concerning cultural exemptions. The first level refers to the issue of general policy, particularly to the question whether such exemptions are justified pro tanto. The second level concerns an examination of the relevant conditions for a particular cultural accommodation in a given context (for example questions regarding the character of the generally applicable norm and the character of a specific cultural commitment). Finally, the third level deals with a detailed legal design of a specific cultural exemption
Reports on investigations on herring larvae 1968-1970
No full text
Report on the International Surveys of Herring Larvae in the North Sea and adjacent waters in 1969/70 by R. J. Wood;
Estimation of the abundance of Atlanto-Scandian-herring based on the results of sampling on the spawning grounds in 1969 by I. G. Yudanov; and
Some observations on quantitative occurrence and distribution of herring larvae in the North Sea and on the Celtic shelf in 1968 ahd 1969 by P. Ciszewski.
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Kilka myśli o irenizmie
No full textThe article aims to clarify the concept of irenism which sometimes changes in the popular language with other words such as e.g. with „syncretism” or in some cases also with „ecumenism”. The author is the first to explain the etymology of irenism. Then he shows philosophical synonyms of irenism and speaks of theological irenism (as a program and method). Here also shows the different representatives, and of different opinions and circumstances. Then follows the Polish contribution on this field. In the end, the author reflects on irenism as an interpretative category and points out possibility of using irenism, e.g. in the interpretation of Rafaele\u27s fresco "The Athenian School".Artykuł ma na celu wyjaśnienie pojęcia irenizmu, które czasami zmienia się w języku potocznym z innymi wyrazami, np. z „synkretyzmem” lub w niektórych przypadkach także z „ekumenizmem”. Autor jako pierwszy wyjaśnia etymologię irenizmu. Następnie pokazuje filozoficzne synonimy irenizmu i mówi o irenizmie teologicznym (jako programie i metodzie). Tutaj również pokazuje różnych przedstawicieli, oraz różnych opinii i okoliczności. Następnie następuje polski wkład w tej sprawie pole. Na koniec autor dokonuje refleksji nad irenizmem jako kategorią interpretacyjną i zwraca na to uwagę możliwość stosowania irenizmu, m.in. w interpretacji fresku Rafaele „Szkoła ateńska”
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