70 research outputs found
SCHOOL BUILDING PLANNING. MAIN TYPES OF SYSTEMS (PLANS) OF SCHOOL BUILDINGS
Get PDFHow to Design School Buildings? Student(s), their number and age have the gratest impact on the school buildings;• To plan a school well, it must first be clear which age groups of students it will be for;• How many students will be there in each age group;• How many classes in each grade will be in the building.Following the study of children of various age groups, looking at the specifics of emotional development and various physical characteristics, it becomes clear to a large extent what is necessary to make them feel good in the school building.The parameters of the individual rooms and buildings for educational activity are also determined on the basis of the applicable rules for town planning, the regulations for designing buildings and facilities, and the standards related to school buildings, hygiene standards and fire construction and technical requirements.The complex study of all elements of the building, their interrelations, as well as the number and age of the students, in the context of the urban planning parameters and the requirements of each individual employer, determine the area and scale of design of the school buildings. Taking into account also the recent studies and trends for the good functioning of this type of buildings, a complex composition of elements, parameters and conditions may be obtained.How to Design School Buildings? Student(s), their number and age have the gratest impact on the school buildings;• To plan a school well, it must first be clear which age groups of students it will be for;• How many students will be there in each age group;• How many classes in each grade will be in the building.Following the study of children of various age groups, looking at the specifics of emotional development and various physical characteristics, it becomes clear to a large extent what is necessary to make them feel good in the school building.The parameters of the individual rooms and buildings for educational activity are also determined on the basis of the applicable rules for town planning, the regulations for designing buildings and facilities, and the standards related to school buildings, hygiene standards and fire construction and technical requirements.The complex study of all elements of the building, their interrelations, as well as the number and age of the students, in the context of the urban planning parameters and the requirements of each individual employer, determine the area and scale of design of the school buildings. Taking into account also the recent studies and trends for the good functioning of this type of buildings, a complex composition of elements, parameters and conditions may be obtained
ACOUSTICS AND NOISE IN SCHOOLS
Get PDFClearly, a loud noise will interfere with the conduct of the class. Students will get distracted, losing interest in the subject. The teacher can also find themselves is in an unpleasant situation, striving to attract the children's attention, help their focus and outshout the loud background noise coming from the outside of the school building or generated inside it.Clearly, a loud noise will interfere with the conduct of the class. Students will get distracted, losing interest in the subject. The teacher can also find themselves is in an unpleasant situation, striving to attract the children's attention, help their focus and outshout the loud background noise coming from the outside of the school building or generated inside it
The mammary gland : Role of SOCS2 in its development and impact of inflammation during successive lactations
No full textLes stratégies actuelles d’élevage et leurs conséquences sur la santé animale, le bien-être des animaux et sur l’environnement sont des préoccupations sociétales importantes, tant sur le plan de l’éthique que sur le plan de la durabilité. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les aspects moléculaires impliqués dans des fonctions pour lesquelles il peut y avoir des compromis, ici la santé animale et la production laitière. Le travail de cette thèse est réparti en deux volets. Dans le premier axe, les effets d’une inflammation mammaire sur la production laitière lors de deux lactations successives ont été évalués à l’aide d’un modèle murin. La présence et la persistance de cytosines différentiellement méthylées au niveau des cellules épithéliales mammaires a permis de démontrer que cette méthylation est dépendante du rang de lactation, de la présence d’inflammation et de l’historique (inflammation lors d’une 1ère lactation) de l’animal. Dans le seconde axe, l’effet de la mutation R96C de SOCS2 sur le développement et la fonction mammaires a été évalué à l’aide d’un modèle murin. Les souris porteuses de cette mutation ont un défaut de ramification de canaux mammaires, un ratio tissu épithélial/tissu adipeux moins élevé, ainsi que des gouttelettes lipidiques de taille plus importante par rapport aux contrôles. Les connaissances sont acquises dans une espèce modèle avec l’objectif de transfert de connaissances vers les espèces d’élevage. De ces travaux émaneront de nouvelles pistes qui pourront aboutir à des propositions de nouveaux leviers à utiliser en élevage.Current breeding strategies and their consequences on animal health, their welfare and the environment are important societal concerns in terms of both ethics and sustainability. This thesis evaluates the molecular aspects involved in the compromise between animal health and milk production. The work presented is distributed in two sections. In the first section, the effects of mammary inflammation on milk production during two successive lactations is evaluated in a mouse model. The presence and persistence of differentially methylated cytosines in mammary epithelial cells shows that this methylation depends on lactation rank, the presence of inflammation, and animal history (presence of previous inflammation). In the second section, the effects of a SOCS2 R96C mutation on mammary development and function are evaluated in a mouse model. Mutated mice had a mammary duct branching defect, a lower epithelial/adipose tissue ratio, and bigger lipid droplets compared to controls. Results are acquired in mouse models with the goal of knowledge transfer to farm animals. New avenues for research and questions raised by this body of work could result in the discovery of insights to ameliorate animal husbandry
La glande mammaire : Rôle de SOCS2 dans son développement et impact d'une inflammation lors de lactations successives
No full textCurrent breeding strategies and their consequences on animal health, their welfare and the environment are important societal concerns in terms of both ethics and sustainability. This thesis evaluates the molecular aspects involved in the compromise between animal health and milk production. The work presented is distributed in two sections. In the first section, the effects of mammary inflammation on milk production during two successive lactations is evaluated in a mouse model. The presence and persistence of differentially methylated cytosines in mammary epithelial cells shows that this methylation depends on lactation rank, the presence of inflammation, and animal history (presence of previous inflammation). In the second section, the effects of a SOCS2 R96C mutation on mammary development and function are evaluated in a mouse model. Mutated mice had a mammary duct branching defect, a lower epithelial/adipose tissue ratio, and bigger lipid droplets compared to controls. Results are acquired in mouse models with the goal of knowledge transfer to farm animals. New avenues for research and questions raised by this body of work could result in the discovery of insights to ameliorate animal husbandry.Les stratégies actuelles d’élevage et leurs conséquences sur la santé animale, le bien-être des animaux et sur l’environnement sont des préoccupations sociétales importantes, tant sur le plan de l’éthique que sur le plan de la durabilité. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les aspects moléculaires impliqués dans des fonctions pour lesquelles il peut y avoir des compromis, ici la santé animale et la production laitière. Le travail de cette thèse est réparti en deux volets. Dans le premier axe, les effets d’une inflammation mammaire sur la production laitière lors de deux lactations successives ont été évalués à l’aide d’un modèle murin. La présence et la persistance de cytosines différentiellement méthylées au niveau des cellules épithéliales mammaires a permis de démontrer que cette méthylation est dépendante du rang de lactation, de la présence d’inflammation et de l’historique (inflammation lors d’une 1ère lactation) de l’animal. Dans le seconde axe, l’effet de la mutation R96C de SOCS2 sur le développement et la fonction mammaires a été évalué à l’aide d’un modèle murin. Les souris porteuses de cette mutation ont un défaut de ramification de canaux mammaires, un ratio tissu épithélial/tissu adipeux moins élevé, ainsi que des gouttelettes lipidiques de taille plus importante par rapport aux contrôles. Les connaissances sont acquises dans une espèce modèle avec l’objectif de transfert de connaissances vers les espèces d’élevage. De ces travaux émaneront de nouvelles pistes qui pourront aboutir à des propositions de nouveaux leviers à utiliser en élevage
La glande mammaire : Rôle de SOCS2 dans son développement et impact d'une inflammation lors de lactations successives
No full textCurrent breeding strategies and their consequences on animal health, their welfare and the environment are important societal concerns in terms of both ethics and sustainability. This thesis evaluates the molecular aspects involved in the compromise between animal health and milk production. The work presented is distributed in two sections. In the first section, the effects of mammary inflammation on milk production during two successive lactations is evaluated in a mouse model. The presence and persistence of differentially methylated cytosines in mammary epithelial cells shows that this methylation depends on lactation rank, the presence of inflammation, and animal history (presence of previous inflammation). In the second section, the effects of a SOCS2 R96C mutation on mammary development and function are evaluated in a mouse model. Mutated mice had a mammary duct branching defect, a lower epithelial/adipose tissue ratio, and bigger lipid droplets compared to controls. Results are acquired in mouse models with the goal of knowledge transfer to farm animals. New avenues for research and questions raised by this body of work could result in the discovery of insights to ameliorate animal husbandry.Les stratégies actuelles d’élevage et leurs conséquences sur la santé animale, le bien-être des animaux et sur l’environnement sont des préoccupations sociétales importantes, tant sur le plan de l’éthique que sur le plan de la durabilité. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les aspects moléculaires impliqués dans des fonctions pour lesquelles il peut y avoir des compromis, ici la santé animale et la production laitière. Le travail de cette thèse est réparti en deux volets. Dans le premier axe, les effets d’une inflammation mammaire sur la production laitière lors de deux lactations successives ont été évalués à l’aide d’un modèle murin. La présence et la persistance de cytosines différentiellement méthylées au niveau des cellules épithéliales mammaires a permis de démontrer que cette méthylation est dépendante du rang de lactation, de la présence d’inflammation et de l’historique (inflammation lors d’une 1ère lactation) de l’animal. Dans le seconde axe, l’effet de la mutation R96C de SOCS2 sur le développement et la fonction mammaires a été évalué à l’aide d’un modèle murin. Les souris porteuses de cette mutation ont un défaut de ramification de canaux mammaires, un ratio tissu épithélial/tissu adipeux moins élevé, ainsi que des gouttelettes lipidiques de taille plus importante par rapport aux contrôles. Les connaissances sont acquises dans une espèce modèle avec l’objectif de transfert de connaissances vers les espèces d’élevage. De ces travaux émaneront de nouvelles pistes qui pourront aboutir à des propositions de nouveaux leviers à utiliser en élevage
THE INTERIOR IN SCHOOL BUILDINGS. DIMENSIONS AND SCALES OF THE ELEMENTS OF INTERIOR REQUIREMENTS FOR ELEMENTS OF THE INTERIOR SPACE
Get PDFErgonomic requirements for furniture are defined.Dependency between the physiological characteristics of children and the size of furniture and spaces are followed up in the article.The main trends for design of classroom furniture are provided.Materials required to create furniture for particular age groups of students are indicated.Materials for finishing layers of the enclosing elements have been identified, specifying their characteristics and when these are the most apprpriate to achieve a better learning environment.Ergonomic requirements for furniture are defined.Dependency between the physiological characteristics of children and the size of furniture and spaces are followed up in the article.The main trends for design of classroom furniture are provided.Materials required to create furniture for particular age groups of students are indicated.Materials for finishing layers of the enclosing elements have been identified, specifying their characteristics and when these are the most apprpriate to achieve a better learning environment
Estabilización de suelos con bacterias Sporosarcina pasteurii
Get PDFThis thesis has been focused on optimizing the resistent capacity and reducing the permeability of fine and clay granular soils through the MICP (Microbiologically induced calcite precipitation). MICP is a natural biological process that induces calcium carbonate in the soil through the hydrolysis of urea by bacteria. In addition, it has several applications in the stabilization and restoration of various construction materials. Furthermore allows a high amount of CaCO3 production in a short time. The bacteria chosen to carry out the tests is Sporosarcina Pasteurii, because of its properties that favor these processes. In order to characterize the different parameters that allow optimizing bio stabilization, first several experimental studies have been carried out to determine the characteristics of the culture of the bacteria Sporosarcina Pasteurii and its application to the bio stabilization process.
Secondly, unconfined uniaxial compression tests have been carried out on cylindrical soil specimens treated with MICP to assess three different experimental procedures: The first procedure consisted of subjecting the specimens to stabilization treatments with different bacterial concentrations. In the second experimental procedure, the specimens were subjected to freeze - thaw cycle and in the third, the compaction process was incorporated before or after the MICP treatment.
Thirdly, direct cutting resistance according to the UNE 103-401-98 standard has been determined from cubic soil test specimens, treated with MICP and different concentrations of bacteria.Fourth, bio stabilization technology has been applied in larger specimens and has been validated through the determination of its bearing capacity.
Finally, the influence of bio-stabilization on the permeability of soils has been studied with two experimental approaches. The results show that in the case of controlling the concentration of bacteria and the source and concentration of calcium, the final morphology of the obtained calcium carbonate crystal can be influenced; controlling the amount of unitary crystals, the size of the crystal and the formation of conglomerates may be modified. The treatments and optimum bacterial concentrations for each type of soil are also described. Increases of unconfined uniaxial compression strength reach values up to 790% and 900% for fine sand and coarse sand soils, respectively. On the other hand, the method of determination of the moisture content by means of ultrasounds is especially useful and allows distinguishing the moment in which the test pieces reach the hygrometric equilibrium. To conclude, the obtained results have been tabulated and allowed to know the optimal procedures and parameters that allow maximizing the performance of the bio stabilization depending on the properties of each one of the different types of soils studied.La presente tesis se ha centrado en optimizar la capacidad resistente y reducir la permeabilidad de suelos granulares finos y arcillosos mediante la MICP (precipitación de carbonato de calcio inducida por bacterias). La MICP es un proceso biológico natural que induce carbonato cálcico en el suelo a través de la hidrólisis de urea por las bacterias. Además, tiene varias aplicaciones en la estabilización y la restauración de diversos materiales en la construcción y permite una alta cantidad de producción de CaCO3 en poco tiempo. La bacteria elegida para la realización de los ensayos ha sido la Sporosarcina pasteurii, debido a que sus propiedades favorecen éstos procesos. Para conseguir caracterizar los diferentes parámetros que nos permiten optimizar la bioestabilización, en primer lugar se han realizado diversos estudios experimentales para determinar las características del cultivo de la bacteria Sporosarcina pasteurii y su aplicación en el proceso de bioestabilización. En segundo lugar, se han llevado a cabo ensayos a compresión uniaxial no confinada sobre probetas cilíndricas de tamaño reducido, tratadas con MICP y realizadas con tres procedimientos experimentales diferentes. El primer procedimiento ha consistido en someter las probetas a tratamientos de estabilización con concentraciones bacterianas diferentes. En el segundo procedimiento experimental, las probetas se han realizado con el ciclo hielo-deshielo y en el tercero, se ha incorporado el proceso de compactación antes o después del tratamiento con MICP. En tercer lugar, se ha determinado la resistencia a corte directo conforme la norma UNE 103-401-98 de probetas cúbicas de suelo que permitieron realizar los ensayos y que habían sido tratadas con MICP y diferentes concentraciones de bacterias. En cuarto lugar, la tecnología de bioestabilización ha sido desarrollada en moldes de mayores dimensiones y ha sido validada a través de la determinación de su capacidad portante. Por último, se ha estudiado la influencia a la permeabilidad de los suelos bioestabilizados, realizados con dos estudios experimentales. Los resultados muestran que en el caso de controlar la concentración de bacterias y también la fuente y la concentración de calcio, se puede influir en la morfología final del cristal de carbonato cálcico obtenido; controlando la cantidad de cristales unitarios, el tamaño del cristal y la formación de conglomerados. También se describen los tratamientos y las concentraciones de bacterias óptimas para cada tipo de suelo. Se consiguen aumentos de resistencia a compresión uniaxial no confinada de hasta 790% y 900% para suelos de arena fina y arena gruesa, respectivamente. Por otra parte, el método de determinación de la humedad mediante ultrasonidos se muestra especialmente útil y permite distinguir el momento en el que las probetas alcanzan el equilibrio higrométrico. Finalmente, se han tabulado los resultados obtenidos, permitiendo conocer los procedimientos y parámetros óptimos que permiten maximizar el rendimiento de la bioestabilización en función de cada uno de los diferentes tipos de suelos estudiados.DOCTORAT EN ENGINYERIA MECÀNICA, FLUIDS I AERONÀUTICA (Pla 2013
Correction: Golkocheva-Markova, E. Editorial: Epidemiology and Control of Hepatitis Viruses. Life 2024, 14, 1369
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The Scientific Research on motivation for learning as an important element of social and economic sciences in the context of sphere of security and defense
Get PDFThis article gives a brief overview of a study conducted on motivation for learning as an important element of social and economic sciences in the context of the sphere of security and defense. The research is an important scientific work of the author and was developed in the period 2012-2018. At present, its results have been approved, considered appropriate and acceptable, and are applied at the National Military University in Bulgaria.
A Concise Review of the Role of the NKG2D Receptor and Its Ligands in Cancer
No full textThe immune system’s ability to detect and eliminate transformed cells is a critical factor in suppressing cancer development. However, immune surveillance in tumors is often disrupted by various immune escape mechanisms, many of which remain poorly understood. The Natural Killer Group 2D (NKG2D) receptor is an activating receptor expressed on natural killer (NK) cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes. It can recognize and bind with varying affinities to a wide range of structurally diverse ligands, including MHC class I chain-related proteins A and B (MICA and MICB) and members of the ULBP family (ULBP1-6). The expression of these ligands plays a crucial role in immune antitumor responses and cancer immunoevasion mechanisms. Some evidence suggests that functional polymorphisms in the NKG2D receptor and the genes encoding its ligands significantly influence HLA-independent cancer immunosurveillance. Consequently, the NKG2D-NKG2D ligands (NKG2DLs) axis represents a promising target for developing novel therapeutic strategies. This review aims to provide a general overview of the role of NKG2D and its ligands in various malignancies and explore their potential in advancing personalized cancer treatment protocols
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