2,835 research outputs found
Intelligent conceptual mould layout design system (ICMLDS) : innovation report
Get PDFFamily Mould Cavity Runner Layout Design (FMCRLD) is the most demanding and
critical task in the early Conceptual Mould Layout Design (CMLD) phase.
Traditional experience-dependent manual FCMRLD workflow results in long design
lead time, non-optimum designs and costs of errors. However, no previous research,
existing commercial software packages or patented technologies can support
FMCRLD automation and optimisation. The nature of FMCRLD is non-repetitive
and generative. The complexity of FMCRLD optimisation involves solving a
complex two-level combinatorial layout design optimisation problem. This research
first developed the Intelligent Conceptual Mould Layout Design System (ICMLDS)
prototype based on the innovative nature-inspired evolutionary FCMRLD approach
for FMCRLD automation and optimisation using Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Shape
Grammar (SG). The ICMLDS prototype has been proven to be a powerful
intelligent design tool as well as an interactive design-training tool that can encourage
and accelerate mould designers’ design alternative exploration, exploitation and
optimisation for better design in less time. This previously unavailable capability
enables the supporting company not only to innovate the existing traditional mould
making business but also to explore new business opportunities in the high-value
low-volume market (such as telecommunication, consumer electronic and medical
devices) of high precision injection moulding parts. On the other hand, the
innovation of this research also provides a deeper insight into the art of evolutionary
design and expands research opportunities in the evolutionary design approach into a
wide variety of new application areas including hot runner layout design, ejector
layout design, cooling layout design and architectural space layout design
FIGURE 15. Live coloration. A in On the " Hippolyte commensalis Kemp, 1925 " species complex (Decapoda, Caridea, Hippolytidae), with the designation of a new genus and description of two new species from the Indo-West Pacific
No full textFIGURE 15. Live coloration. A, Alcyonohippolyte commensalis comb. nov., ovigerous female (pcl. 1.6 mm) (CMNH-ZC 02393). B–H, Alcyonohippolyte maculata sp. nov.: B–C, ovigerous female paratype (pcl. 2.5 mm) (NTOU M00919); D–E, holotype ovigerous female (pcl. 2.5 mm) (NTOU M00916); F, ovigerous female (pcl. 1.8 mm) (CMNH–ZC 02391); G–H, male paratype (pcl. 1.2 mm) (NTOU M00917).Published as part of Marin, Ivan, Okuno, Junji & Chan, Tin-Yam, 2011, On the " Hippolyte commensalis Kemp, 1925 " species complex (Decapoda, Caridea, Hippolytidae), with the designation of a new genus and description of two new species from the Indo-West Pacific, pp. 32-54 in Zootaxa 2768 on page 52, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20674
Rab3 mediates a pathway for endocytic sorting and plasma membrane recycling of ordered microdomains
No full text: The composition of the plasma membrane (PM) must be tightly controlled despite constant, rapid endocytosis, which requires active, selective recycling of endocytosed membrane components. For many proteins, the mechanisms, pathways, and determinants of this PM recycling remain unknown. We report that association with ordered, lipid-driven membrane microdomains (known as rafts) is sufficient for PM localization of a subset of transmembrane proteins and that abrogation of raft association disrupts their trafficking and leads to degradation in lysosomes. Using orthogonal, genetically encoded probes with tunable raft partitioning, we screened for the trafficking machinery required for efficient recycling of engineered microdomain-associated cargo from endosomes to the PM. Using this screen, we identified the Rab3 family as an important mediator of PM localization of microdomain-associated proteins. Disruption of Rab3 reduced PM localization of raft probes and led to their accumulation in Rab7-positive endosomes, suggesting inefficient recycling. Abrogation of Rab3 function also mislocalized the endogenous raft-associated protein Linker for Activation of T cells (LAT), leading to its intracellular accumulation and reduced T cell activation. These findings reveal a key role for lipid-driven microdomains in endocytic traffic and suggest Rab3 as a mediator of microdomain recycling and PM composition
FIGURE 7 in Deep water echinoid-associated pontoniine shrimp " Periclimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913 " species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae): species review, description of a new genus and species from Philippines
No full textFIGURE 7. Echinopericlimenes calcaratus (Chace & Bruce, 1993) comb. nov., male from Philippines, 100–140 m (NTOU M01743) (a, d, e), ovigerous female from Philippines, 80–90 m (NTOU M01745) (b), ovigerous female from Philippines, 194 m (NTOU M01746) (c, g–l): a–c—rostrum and front of carapace, lateral view; d–g—pereiopods II, distal segments; h–i—pereiopods II; j, k—distal propodus and dactylus of pereiopod III; l—same, distal part of dactylus (without scale).Published as part of Marin, Ivan & Chan, Tin-Yam, 2014, Deep water echinoid-associated pontoniine shrimp " Periclimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913 " species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae): species review, description of a new genus and species from Philippines, pp. 301-324 in Zootaxa 3835 (3) on page 311, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3835.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/22973
FIGURE 2. Laomenes pestrushka n in Crinoid-associated pontoniine shrimps of the genus Laomenes Clark, 1919 (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae) from PANGLAO 2004 and KUMEJIMA 2009 Expeditions, with description of two new species
No full textFIGURE 2. Laomenes pestrushka n. sp., holotype, ovigerous female (RUMF-ZC-1399)(a, b, d–k) and paratype, male (NTOU M00996)(c); a, carapace and anterior appendages, dorsal view; b, c, carapace and anterior appendages, lateral view; d, antennula; e, same, distolateral margin of basal segment and lateral margin of intermediate segment; f, antenna, ventral view; g, pereiopod I; h, distal segments of pereiopod I; i, pereiopod II; j, k, chela and carpus of pereiopod II.Published as part of Marin, Ivan, Chan, Tin-Yam & Okuno, Junji, 2012, Crinoid-associated pontoniine shrimps of the genus Laomenes Clark, 1919 (Decapoda, Caridea, Palaemonidae) from PANGLAO 2004 and KUMEJIMA 2009 Expeditions, with description of two new species, pp. 103-114 in Zootaxa 3367 (1) on page 106, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3367.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/525192
Pertussis toxin-sensitive cholinergic inhibition of somatostatin release from canine D-cells
No full textDevelopment of an enriched cultured cell system allowed us to investigate the mechanism of cholinergic inhibition of somatostatin release stimulated by adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and Ca2+-protein kinase C-dependent pathways of cell activation. After a 24-h culture on rat tail collagen, D-cells, quantified by immunohistochemistry, were 18-fold enriched compared with unelutriated dispersed cells. Somatostatin release from cultured cells was expressed as a percent of the somatostatin released by a specific stimulus in control cells. Under basal conditions release of somatostatin was 2.3 +/- 0.6% of the total cell content. Epinephrine (1 microM) and cholecystokinin octapeptide (10 nM) increased somatostatin release to 6.98 +/- 1.25 and 10.72 +/- 1.64%, respectively. Carbachol (1 microM) completely inhibited somatostatin release stimulated by epinephrine and reduced cholecystokinin octapeptide-stimulated release to 75% of control levels. Carbachol inhibition of the response to both epinephrine and cholecystokinin octapeptide was totally prevented by 5 h of treatment of the cells with pertussis toxin (300 ng/ml). Somatostatin release in response to the diterpene forskolin (10 microM), dibutyryl cAMP (300 microM), the phorbol ester beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (0.1 microM), and the calcium ionophore A23187 (1 microM) was also inhibited by carbachol and prevented by pertussis toxin pretreatment. The ADP-ribosylase inhibitor isonicotinamide (1 mM) selectively blocked the effect of pertussis toxin without altering other stimulatory or inhibitory responses. These data are consistent with the view that carbachol inhibits somatostatin release at guanyl nucleotide-binding protein and/or another pertussis toxin-sensitive site.LR: 20061115; PUBM: Print; JID: 0370511; 0 (Virulence Factors, Bordetella); 16561-29-8 (Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate); 25126-32-3 (Sincalide); 362-74-3 (Bucladesine); 51-43-4 (Epinephrine); 51-83-2 (Carbachol); 51110-01-1 (Somatostatin); 52665-69-7 (Calcimycin); 66428-89-5 (Forskolin); EC 2.4.2.31 (Pertussis Toxin); ppublishSource type: Electronic(1
Double C-H functionalization Iodo-compound mediated cyclization of aryl aldehyde
No full textCarbon–Hydrogen bond (C–H) activation offers chemists a direct route to perform chemical transformation on simple and complex molecules without prior functionalization on the structure. It also allows previously hard to access chemical feedstock to be directly manipulated to more useful chemical intermediates. New advances in organometallic chemistry and novel catalysts have kindled a fast growing interest in this research area where it was previously thought to be inaccessible. The author reported on the development of a novel double C–H activation between aldehyde C–H and arene C–H, based on the lessons learned in the author’s group research in to Rhodium-catalyzed coupling reactions and other Palladium-catalyzed coupling reaction. The C–H activation was found to proceed with or without rhodium catalyst in the presence of iodo-based oxidants or molecular iodine. The intramolecular reaction provides a facile method for the synthesis of aryl ketones and aromatic systemsMaster of Scienc
Echinopericlimenes aurorae Marin & Chan, 2014, sp. nov.
No full textEchinopericlimenes aurorae sp. nov. (Figs. 8 –11, 14 d–f) Material examined. Philippines : Holotype, male (pcl 7.0 mm) (NMCR), PANGLAO 2005, stn. CA 2337, 9831.59 N, 123841.79 E, off Cebu Island, depth 336 meters, sandy/muddy bottom, 22 May 2005. Paratypes: 1 male (pcl 7.4 mm) (NTOU M01747), PANGLAO 2005, stn. CP 2343, 9827.49 N, 123849.49 E, off Cebu Island, depth 273–302 meters, sandy/muddy bottom, 23 May 2005; 1 mature non-ovigerous female (pcl. 9.8 mm) (NTOU M01748), AURORA 2007, stn. CP2695, 14° 46 ’N 123 ° 39.367 ’E, the eastern part of Luzon Island, depth 357–367 meters, 26 May 2007. Description. Holotype, male (NMCR). Medium-sized shrimps with subcylindrical body (Fig. 8 a, b). Carapace swollen, smooth, non pitted, with antennal and hepatic teeth; hepatic tooth larger than antennal, situated close to pterygostomial margin of carapace, with the tip overreaching it (Figs. 8 c; 9 a–c). Rostrum long, slender, compressed, straight, turned downward, with feebly developed dorsal lamina bearing 7–8 small teeth, with the distal third of rostrum dorsally unarmed, rostral tip sharply produced; ventral margin with feebly developed lamina bearing 2 teeth situated in its distal third, the most proximal ventral rostral tooth situated anterior to the level of the most distal dorsal rostral tooth (Fig. 8 c; 9 b, c). Orbit well developed. Pterygostomial angle rounded. Abdominal somites smooth; pleurae of abdominal somites I–V rounded (Fig. 8 a, b). Telson about twice as long as proximal width, narrowing distally, with 2 pairs of small dorsal marginal spines situated at 0.5 and 0.7 of telson length (Fig. 9 d); distal margin of telson armed with 3 pairs of spines including 1 pair of short stout lateral spines, 1 pair of long slender intermediate spines and 1 pair of simple medial spines about twice shorter than intermediate spines. Eyes (Fig. 9 a) well developed, with large hemispherical cornea; eyestalk about as long as wide, cylindrical, widening distally (conical); with well marked accessory pigment spot posterodorsally. Antennula (Fig. 9 e) well developed; basal segment about twice longer than wide, with well developed stylocerite; with distolateral angle bearing large acute triangular tooth and medial convex projection (lobe); ventromesial tooth small but distinct, situated near the medial border of basal segment (fig. 9 f); intermediate segment stout, as long as wide; distal segment relatively slender, about 1.5 times as long as wide. Antenna (Fig. 9 g) well developed, basicerite with sharp triangular lateral tooth, overreaching the distal margin of the segment; scaphocerite wide, about twice longer than maximal width, overreaching intermediate antennular segment, distolateral tooth well developed, acute, overreaching the distal margin of the blade. Mouthparts characteristic for the genus. Mandible robust (Fig. 10 a), without palp; with well developed incisor process bearing 3–4 terminal teeth (Fig. 10 b, c); molar process robust, with sharp stout distal teeth. Maxillula (Fig. 10 d) normal, with well developed palp bearing large triangular pointed dorsal lobe (Fig. 10 e); upper lacinia wide, slightly curved, flaring distally, with strong setae along distal margin; lower lacinia more slender, tapering distally, covered with simple setae. Maxilla (Fig. 10 f) with well developed simple rounded palp, with slender bilobed endite furnished dorsally with long simple stiff setae; scaphognathite well developed, fringed with plumose setae. Maxilliped I (Fig. 10 g) with fused endites furnished with simple setae, well developed exopod with normal caridean lobe fringed with plumose setae; with large, ear-shaped epipod. Maxilliped II (Fig. 10 h) with well developed exopod; propodus with convex distolateral margin covered with slender simple setae; dactylus thin, about 5 times as long as broad, with numerous setae along distal margin; epipod square-form; without podobranch. Maxilliped III (Fig. 10 f) robust, exopod well-developed, slightly overreaching antepenultimate segment; segments robust, penultimate segment about 4 times as long as wide; distal segment triangular, furnished with stout simple setae; epipod rounded, curved; with small arthrobranch. Pereiopod I (Fig. 11 a) normal, segments unarmed; coxal segment with well developed curved lobe distoventrally; basis as long as wide; ischium about 2.5 times as long as wide; merus slender, about 6 times as long as wide; carpus slender, slightly longer than merus, about 5 times as long as wide, flaring distally, with several stout simple setae at carpo-propodal articulation; palm (Fig. 11 b) about 1.5 times as long as wide, subcylindrical; dactylus and fixed finger stout, simple, tapering distally, about 3 times as long as wide, lightly longer than palm, with entire cutting edges; fixed finger with several bunches of stout strong plumose setae along ventral margin. Pereiopods II equal in shape and dissimilar in size (Fig. 11 c, e), with relatively robust segments; coxal segment with well developed curved lobe distoventrally; basis about as long as wide; ischium about 3 times as long as wide, ventral margin armed with numerous minute teeth; merus about 3.5 times as long as wide, with straight margins, ventral margin armed with numerous minute teeth; carpus flaring distally, abut as long as wide, distal margin with distolateral depression, distal margin smooth and straight; palm (Fig. 11 d, f) cylindrical, about 4 times as long as wide, with straight margins, covered with minute teeth; fingers slender, about 1.5–2 times shorter than palm, about 3 times longer than wide; polex with stout proximal tooth, distal cutting margin straight, slightly curved, with simple tip; dactylus triangular proximal tooth and concave cutting margin, with simple, curved tip. Pereiopod III (Fig. 11 g) with slender unarmed segments; propodus about 6 times as long as wide, with straight and smooth margins, with 5 slender spines along ventral margin, with 1 pair of long spines and a bunch of strong simple setae at distoventral angle (Fig. 11 h); dactylus stout, about 3 times as long as wide, with straight ventral margin, with distoventral margin armed with several large triangular teeth (Fig. 11 i), unguis simple, smooth and curved. Pereiopods III–V similar. Pleopods normal, without specific features. Uropods (Fig. 9 h) stout, slightly exceeding telson; distolateral margin of exopod with triangular distolateral projection and movable spine distolaterally. Paratype male (NTOU M01747) generally similar to holotype male (Fig. 9 c); rostrum with 7 small dorsal teeth (Fig. 9 c); uropodal exopod with 2 distolateral movable spines (Fig. 9 i). The examined non-ovigerous female (NTOU M01748) (Fig. 9 a, c–g) identical to the holotype male but possesses damaged tip of rostrum (Fig. 8 c) and feebly marked, possibly obliterated, teeth on distoventral part of dactylus of pereiopod III (Fig. 8 g). Remarks. The genetic difference between the examined males from Cebu (PANGLAO 2005) and the female from Luzon Island (AURORA 2007) using barcoding gene COI represents about 4.3 % (see Fig. 16). Nevertheless, all examined specimens are morphologically identical; all specimens possess slender lateral tooth on basal antennular segment, species-specific rostral dentition and characteristic form of distoventral margin of dactyli of pereiopod III (see below). Differential diagnosis. The new species possesses long slender lateral tooth on basal antennular segment clearly separating the species from E. hertwigi comb. nov. and E. calcaratus comb. nov. The new species morphologically differs from E. dentidactylus comb. nov. mainly by smaller dorsal rostral teeth and the presence of 2 small ventral rostral teeth situated anterior to the level of the most distal dorsal rostral tooth. DNA analysis using barcoding gene COI satisfied the validity of the species showing the difference between E. aurorae sp. nov. and E. dentidactylus comb. nov. about 22.8–23.7 %; the genetic differences between E. aurorae sp. nov. and E. hertwigi comb. nov. is 22.8–23.7 %; between E. aurorae sp. nov. and E. calcaratus comb. nov. — 24.4 –25.0% (see Fig. 16). Coloration. Body and proximal segments of appendages uniformly red; white pigmentation covered dorsal surface of fingers, dorsomesial part of the palm, dorsal surface of carpus and distodorsal margin of the merus of pereiopod II; distal margins of meri, carpi, propodi and dactyli of ambulatory pereiopods white; white longitudinal band covered dorsal margin of abdominal somites II–III reaching the proxilateral part of telson (Fig. 14 d–h). Etymology. The species is named after the Philippines AURORA 2007 Expedition allowed collecting several specimens of this relatively rare deep-water pontoniine shrimp species. Host. Unknown. Possibly, similar to other representatives of the genus the new species is associated with deepwater sea urchins (Echinodermata: Echinoidea). Distribution. The species is presently known only from the type locality, the Philippines; at the depth 273–367 meters.Published as part of Marin, Ivan & Chan, Tin-Yam, 2014, Deep water echinoid-associated pontoniine shrimp " Periclimenes hertwigi Balss, 1913 " species group (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae): species review, description of a new genus and species from Philippines, pp. 301-324 in Zootaxa 3835 (3) on pages 312-313, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3835.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/22973
Coupling of protein condensates to ordered lipid domains determines functional membrane organization
No full text: During T cell activation, the transmembrane adaptor protein LAT (linker for activation of T cells) forms biomolecular condensates with Grb2 and Sos1, facilitating signaling. LAT has also been associated with cholesterol-rich condensed lipid domains; However, the potential coupling between protein condensation and lipid phase separation and its role in organizing T cell signaling were unknown. Here, we report that LAT/Grb2/Sos1 condensates reconstituted on model membranes can induce and template lipid domains, indicating strong coupling between lipid- and protein-based phase separation. Correspondingly, activation of T cells induces cytoplasmic protein condensates that associate with and stabilize raft-like membrane domains. Inversely, lipid domains nucleate and stabilize LAT protein condensates in both reconstituted and living systems. This coupling of lipid and protein assembly is functionally important, as uncoupling of lipid domains from cytoplasmic protein condensates abrogates T cell activation. Thus, thermodynamic coupling between protein condensates and ordered lipid domains regulates the functional organization of living membranes
Effect of ferroelectric-poling-induced strain on the phase separation and magnetotransport properties of La₀.₇Ca₀.₁₅Sr₀.₁₅MnO₃thin films grown on ferroelectric single-crystal substrates
No full textAuthor name used in this publication: H. L. W. ChanAuthor name used in this publication: C. L. ChoyAuthor name used in this publication: H. S. Luo2009-2010 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishedVoR allowe
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