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The use value in the heritage project of large complexes housing : the case of Ancely in Toulouse
No full textLes grands ensembles représentent un patrimoine « du quotidien », de « l’ordinaire », peu reconnu par le grand public, et reconnu dans une certaine mesure, par les institutions, majoritairement via le label Architecture Contemporaine Remarquable. Ces amorces de reconnaissances n’empêchent pas la poursuite des politiques de ‘démolitions-reconstructions’, les travaux drastiques, et des prises de décisions parfois contradictoires avec ce qui fait leur identité ou leur qualité. Leur caractère récent et habité interroge tant sur leur conservation que sur leur évolution, et se traduit bien dans les politiques mises en oeuvre. Ils sont confrontés à la fois à la nécessité d’évoluer, de s’adapter (aux nouveaux besoins de conforts, aux usages, et aux nouvelles règlementations), ainsi qu’à des qualités et une identité par toujours identifiés ou prises en compte. Cette tension entre une patrimonialisation complexe et une évolution nécessaire, mais la plupart du temps décontextualisée des singularités de terrain, nous pousse à poser la question suivante : Quels moyens pourraient être mis en oeuvre pour penser la patrimonialisation et la réhabilitation des grands ensembles de logements en France ?Nous avançons l’hypothèse qu’il est nécessaire de mettre en place une patrimonialisation dite "alternative" qui s’intéresse aux qualités intrinsèques et aux singularités dans toutes leurs dimensions, et qui soit directement liée au processus de réhabilitation. Nous proposons l’étude de ce « patrimoine de l’habiter » par le prisme des usages, de la valeur d’usage, et de leur poursuite, comme moyen d’une évolution des grands ensembles plus ancrée dans leurs besoins. Enfin, nous identifions la nécessité d’une culture commune, et de l’étude de leur l’identité, des besoins, et orientée vers le futur. Pour cela nous proposons l’étude du cas Ancely, un grand ensemble situé à Toulouse, dans le sud-ouest de la France, construit dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle, labellisé ACR et au coeur de mutations urbaines, bâties, et sociales, nécessaires à étudier, documenter et surtout inscrire dans un processus de transformations globales, dans l’optique d’Ancely 2030 et 2050.Pour cela, la thèse vient articuler les nombreuses sources théoriques, savantes et directes et introduit le regard architectural dans le rapport entre espaces et usages. Nous interrogeons les méthodologies, outils, moyens de connaissances et de représentations des espaces habités et de la valeur d’usage. Nous proposons la mise en place d’une méthodologie directement par l’approche de terrain inscrite dans les réalités d’un site en particulier. Cette méthodologie passe par des observations de terrains, des relevés des espaces habités (de l’échelle du grand ensemble, à l’échelle des appartements et des micro-situations), mais également par la réalisation d’entretiens semi-directifs auprès d’habitants ou d’acteurs ressources.La thèse se compose de trois grandes parties : la première se concentre sur la dualité entre patrimonialisation et réhabilitation de manière théorique et pratique, la seconde propose une méthodologie d’approche de la valeur d’usage et résume les observations et conclusions de celle-ci à Ancely, et enfin la troisième partie propose un plan guide de la valeur d’usage au coeur du projet de transformations, dans une traversée des échelles.Large housing estate represent a “daily heritage”, “heritage of the ordinary”, little recognized by people and institutions especially by the label “Patrimoine du XXe siècle” and “Architecture Contemporaine Remarquable”. These first recognitions don’t prevent the continuation of ‘demolition-reconstruction’ policies, drastic works, and decision-making that is sometimes contradictory to what makes up their identity or their quality. Their recent and inhabited character raises questions about their conservation and their evolution, and is shown by the policies implemented. They are faced with the need to evolve and be adapted (to new needs for comfort, uses, and new regulations), as well as qualities and an identity always identified or taken into account. This tension between complex heritage and a necessary evolution, pushes us to ask the following question: What means could be implemented to think about the heritage creation and rehabilitation of large housing complexes in France?We make the hypothesis that it’s necessary to create an alternative heritage which focuses on intrinsic qualities and singularities in all their dimensions, and which is directly linked to the rehabilitation process. We propose the study of this “living heritage” through the prism of uses, use value, and their continuation, as a means of an evolution of large complexes more anchored in needs. Finally, we identify the need for a common culture, and concrete study based on the identity of the place, its needs, oriented towards the future. For this, we propose the study of the Ancely case, a large complex located in Toulouse, in the south-west of France, built in the second half of the 20th century, labeled ACR and at the heart of urban, built and social changes, necessary to study, document and above all be part of a process of global transformation, with a view to Ancely 2030 and 2050.To do this, the thesis articulates the numerous theoretical, scholarly and direct sources and introduces the architectural perspective into this relationship between space and uses. We question the methodologies, tools, means of knowledge and representation of inhabited spaces and use value. We propose the implementation of a methodology directly through the field approach, favoring a concrete approach embedded in the realities of a particular site. This methodology involves field observations, surveys of inhabited spaces (from the scale of the large complex, to the scale of apartments and micro-situations), but also by carrying out semi-structured interviews with inhabitants or resource actors.The thesis is composed of three main parts: the first focuses on the duality between heritage development and rehabilitation in a theoretical and practical way, the second proposes a methodology for approaching use value and summarizes its observations and conclusions in Ancely. Finally the third part proposes a plan to guide the use value at the heart of the transformation project, in a crossing of scales
Vers une méthode de réhabilitation des grands ensembles plus respectueuse des habitants et des valeurs d’usages. Le cas d’Ancely, à Toulouse
Get PDFLes transformations dans les grands ensembles de logements ont aujourd’hui lieu sans réelle prise en compte de ce qui fait leur identité. Pourtant, les grands ensembles se composent d’éléments matériels et immatériels qui leur sont propres. Les habitants et usagers, par leurs pratiques des lieux sont les premiers témoins des besoins, et des enjeux qui caractérisent le grand ensemble. Le savoir d’usage et l’analyse de terrain sont une base pour un diagnostic et des transformations plus respectueuses des qualités patrimoniales et des valeurs d’usages du grand ensemble.Housing estates’ transformations are today made without taking into account what makes the identity of the place. Nevertheless the housing estate are composed with materials and immaterial elements which are they own. Habitants, users, by their practices are the first witnesses of needs, challenges, and history of the housing estate. Use knowledge and place analysis are a base for a diagnostic and for more respectful transformations of heritage quality and use value
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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