1,720,981 research outputs found
Towards a Co-Governance Approach for Nature-based Solutions
No full textThe current report analyses co-creation and co-governance for NatureBased Solutions (NBS) based on many European projects. Each project represents different approaches to co-designing, co-developing, co-implementing and co-monitoring NBS projects being deployed in diverse European political, geographical, ecological, governance, socioeconomic, cultural and participatory contexts. The analysis is the basis for the presentation of best practices regarding the co-creation of NBS at its different stages, phases and scales.
The report provides guidelines to researchers, practitioners and other experts researching, implementing and/or evaluating territorial regeneration processes that prioritize and advocate for inclusive and nature-based approaches. Those interested or actively operating in the fields related to urban regeneration will find that this report is the result of a joint discussion and analysis of many European projects that pursue the mainstreaming of NBS co-creation and co-governance in strategic planning, urban governance, and urban design.
The report starts with an attempt to put together a diversity of features that emerge from the chapters of this publication, under the section Setting the scene: building blocks of co-creation processes. Instead of a list of oversimplified terminology, the section presents a building blocks approach which aims at translating a diversity of approaches, contexts, and knowledge production. The inherent diversity and complexity of the theme are further explored throughout the report, reflecting the discussions, perspectives, and outcomes from many EU-funded sibling projects, and providing insights, case studies and examples from four projects, namely CLEVER cities, Go-Green Routes, PHUSICOS and URBINAT
Mappare il dibattito attorno alla biodiversità urbana con il web
Full text linkIn un contesto di crescente urbanizzazione, la promozione della biodiversità urbana è diventata essenziale, dando vita a politiche specifiche. Le città implementano diverse iniziative su diversa scala, come giardini condivisi, grandi progetti di riforestazione, nuovi parchi urbani, tetti e pareti verdi. Tuttavia, la promozione della natura in ambito urbano non è priva di conflitti: nel contesto urbano il desiderio (condiviso ma generico) di “più natura” si scontra con le caratteristiche specifiche delle diverse aree, le esigenze dei cittadini, e gli interessi economici di diversi attori, spesso scatenando intensi dibattiti. Data la complessità nel conciliare esigenze e sensibilità, la progettazione di soluzioni inclusive ed efficaci per la biodiversità urbana richiede la considerazione di una moltitudine di attori, posizioni e interessi.
Nei forum online, nei siti web, nei blog e sui social media, diversi attori presentano le loro argomentazioni, sostengono cause o esprimono le loro posizioni condividendo immagini e lasciando commenti. Il web si configura così come una fonte di dati estremamente utile per catturare la moltitudine di attori, voci e prospettive legate ai temi della biodiversità urbana. Prendendo spunto da framework analitici nel campo dei media studies e dalla sociologia digitale, tra cui la cartografia delle controversie (Venturini & Munk, 2022), i metodi digitali (Rogers, 2013) e l’issue mapping (Marres, 2015), questo testo illustra il potenziale dei dati digitali come strumento di supporto alla progettazione della biodiversità urbana. Attraverso una serie di casi di studio relativi alle politiche di promozione della biodiversità nella città di Milano, questo contributo mostra come la raccolta di dati provenienti da diverse fonti online (tra cui commenti sui social media, immagini digitali, notizie online e video online) permetta di mappare il dibattito sulla natura urbana, facendo emergere la complessità delle posizioni, delle voci e degli attori che lo compongono
Guidelines for Co-Creation and Co-Governance of Nature-based Solutions: Insights from EU-funded Projects
Full text linkNature-based Solutions (NBS) are essential instruments in our toolkit to tackle major societal challenges, such as climate change, biodiversity loss and pollution. But they also have the potential to contribute to and accelerate the transformative change that will bring about a climate-neutral, sustainable, and equitable future as imagined by the European Green Deal.
However, the success of NBS interventions lies in their ability to consider local culture and conditions, to respond to the needs of the community where they are embedded and to distribute benefits fairly across population segments. It also depends on the buy-in of that community. That is why the design, implementation, maintenance, and monitoring of NBS need to involve and empower that community, ensure ownership and stewardship, which in turn translate into long-term environmental, economic and social viability of the intervention.
In this context, co-creation, and co-governance — the two cornerstones of this publication — become central to the effective deployment of NBS in different settings. Evidence suggests that co-creation is a key catalyst for social change, which also underscores the relevance of NBS processes and interventions in changing our relationship with nature while bringing it back into our lives. The European Commission has also made the role of co-creation essential in its guidelines and toolkit for Urban Greening Plans1 to which some of the authors of this report contributed as well.
This report offers practitioners, decision makers, researchers and other experts’ guidelines and approaches to co-designing, co-developing, co-implementing and co-monitoring NBS for environmentally, economically, and socially sustainable NBS.
The guidelines added value lies in proposing co-creation and co-governance pathways built on the experience of tailoring them to different contexts, spatial scales and timelines in several EU-funded research and innovation projects. The document gives valuable insights in specific cases and success stories, for instance, how some cities have overcome, with co-governance, the most challenging aspects of governance silos and ensured extensive citizen engagement
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Understanding Collaborative Governance of Biodiversity-inclusive urban planning: Methodological approach and benchmarking results for urban nature plans in 10 European cities
No full textThe Biodiversity strategy 2030 [1] has come as no surprise to put European Union on the path to recovery for the benefit of people, climate and the planet. For this purpose, the European commission advanced several mechanisms helping cities and larger urban areas unlocking funding for biodiversity; nonetheless a stronger need for an established governance framework that includes people and public participation across all levels and all sectors is needed [1]. Along these lines, this research was initiated as a way to understand the possible quality criteria against which several European cities could be evaluated while establishing their Urban Nature plans through two research questions. Stemming from multiple database collections for the cities’ sampling methodology [2] such as the green capital award, Urban Biodiversity Hub, Climate Neutral Cities Mission, the green City Accord (Nature/biodiversity priority area) and lastly the top ranking cities in European Local Climate Plans Initiative in the last 10 years [3], a sample of 10 cities was selected. Then, following the Targets 12 and 14 that aims to increase biodiversity in urban planning processes, an analytical framework of 30 criteria mainly focusing on collaborative governance and public participation is established through several iterations with a group of experts from Knowledge center for Biodiversity*, The Nature of Cities, Directorate General of Research TD, ICLEI, DGENV and HafenCity University. The preliminary results investigate the so-called 6 lighthouse European cities having an existing Urban Nature plan for at least the last 3 years towards advancing the so called EU Biodiversity strategy dashboard [4]. It emerges that public participation and collaborative governance aspects are rarely considered as an integrated part from the established urban greening plans, nonetheless, several guidance calls on adopting a more co-created approaches when setting up the urban nature plans
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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