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Osobennostiu vyrazenija kommunikativnych struktur v russkom jazyke v sopostavlenii s italjanskim
No full textThe thesis’s aim is to study the communicative component of a sentence semantic and to analyse its main ways of syntactic expression both in Russian and Italian.
The research is divided into four chapters. Chapter One starts with a study of the semantic content of the phrase, and analyses it as a tripartite structure with a propositional, a communicative and a pragmatic component [Kobozeva 2009: 217-265]. Besides, it contains a detailed analysis of informative categories, which are the constituent parts of the communicative component: the theme-rheme opposition, the new-old opposition, the presupposed-not presupposed opposition and focus and contrast concepts as well. In the second paragraph, a new informative category, named “setting”, is introduced. The category’s function is to define the spatial-temporal coordinates in which the action expressed in the phrase takes place. Finally, a brief dictionary, containing Italian equivalents of the Russian linguistic terms mentioned in the chapter, is given.
Chapter Two describes the most relevant ways of expressing a communicative content through syntaxes both in Russian and in Italian. Ways of syntactic expression such as word order, intonation, passive and kleft are taken into account for both languages. Moreover, the important correlation between word order, intonation and stylistic undertones in the Russian language is analysed in the second paragraph.
Chapter Three is a comparative analysis of the ways of syntactically expressing the communicative structure in Russian and Italian. The analysis is conducted through a comparison of different Italian translations of some phrases taken from A dog’s heart by M. A. Bulgakov. The examples have been divided into eight groups, according to their communicative structure (e.g., “propositions in which theme precedes rheme and coincides with the subject”; “propositions in which rheme precedes theme” etc.), and have been compared with eight Italian translations of those passages. Such a comparative analysis of the communicative structure in the original Russian phrase and in the Italian translations made it possible to identify the two languages’ peculiarities in the use syntaxes to express the communicative structures. Some cases in which “semantic shifts” can be observed in the course of the translation could be identified, too.
Chapter Four contains a practical application of the theoretical notions thus gathered about the informative structure of a statement and about his ways of syntactic expressions. It deals especially with the teaching of Russian as foreign language and particularly with the teaching of Russian word order. More in detail, propedeutical exercises have been elaborated for teaching the Russian word order both in writing and in speaking, as well as by means of translation from a foreign language. In addition, a series of exercises has been developed, which make the translator aware of the difference between Russian and Italian in expressing the communicative structure through syntaxes.
The final part contains the results and the conclusions of the work, along with appendixes to the theoretical-linguistic part .La presente tesi è dedicata allo studio del contenuto comunicativo della semantica dell’enunciato e all’analisi delle sue principali modalità di espressione in russo e in italiano.
Nel primo capitolo viene presa in esame la tripartizione del significato dell’enunciato in contenuto denotativo, contenuto comunicativo e contenuto pragmatico [Kobozeva 2009: 217-265]; di seguito vengono analizzate in modo dettagliato le categorie informative facenti parte della componente comunicativa della semantica dell’enunciato, per la precisione l’opposizione tema-rema, l’opposizione dato-nuovo, l’opposizione presupposto-non presupposto, il concetto di focus e quello di contrasto. Viene inoltre proposta l’introduzione di una nuova categoria informativa denominata “cornice”, la cui funzione consterebbe nel definire le coordinate spazio-temporali in cui si colloca l’azione espressa nella frase. Alla fine del capitolo si riporta un breve elenco con gli equivalenti italiani dei concetti linguistici nominati all’interno del capitolo.
Il secondo capitolo contiene la descrizione delle principali modalità di espressione sintattica del contenuto comunicativo in russo e in italiano: in entrambe le lingue vengono prese in considerazione modalità di espressione quali l’ordine delle parole, l’intonazione, l’uso della diatesi passiva e il ricorso alla frase scissa. Per quanto riguarda la lingua russa, nel secondo paragrafo ci si sofferma ad analizzare la stretta correlazione esistente tra ordine delle parole, intonazione e presenza o assenza di sfumatura espressiva nella frase.
Il terzo capitolo contiene un’analisi comparata delle modalità di espressione delle strutture comunicative in russo e in italiano, condotta mediante il confronto delle traduzioni italiane di alcune frasi tratte dalla povest’ Cuore di cane di M. A. Bulgakov. Gli esempi analizzati sono stati suddivisi in otto gruppi a seconda della loro struttura comunicativa (ad esempio, “proposizioni in cui il tema precede il rema e coincide con il soggetto”, “proposizioni in cui il rema precede il tema” ecc.) e sono stati confrontati con le loro otto rispettive traduzioni italiane. L’analisi comparativa delle strutture comunicative dell’originale russo e delle sue traduzioni italiane ha reso possibile l’identificazione di alcune particolarità nell’utilizzo di determinate modalità espressive delle strutture comunicative proprie di queste due lingue, e ha permesso di identificare i casi in cui si osserva uno “slittamento semantico/spostamento concettuale” verificatosi nel corso della traduzione del componente comunicativo dell’originale russo in italiano.
Il quarto capitolo della tesi è dedicato infine all’applicazione delle nozioni teoriche sulla struttura informativa dell’enunciato e sulle sue modalità di espressione nella pratica dell’insegnamento della lingua russa agli italiani, in particolare per ciò che riguarda l’insegnamento dell’ordine delle parole.
A questo scopo sono stati elaborati degli esercizi propedeutici all’insegnamento dell’ordine delle parole russo nella produzione orale e scritta degli studenti, anche mediante l’utilizzo della traduzione. È stata inoltre creata un’ulteriore serie di esercizi volta a sensibilizzare i futuri traduttori sulle diversità nelle modalità di espressione della struttura comunicativa in russo e in italiano.
Nella parte finale vengono riportati i risultati, le conclusioni del lavoro svolto e le appendici alla parte teorico-linguistica e alla parte di applicazione didattica
dell' Isola (Maria) et Bourgin (Georges). Mazzini, promoteur de la république italienne et pionnier de la fédération européenne.
No full textVan Nuffel Robert. dell' Isola (Maria) et Bourgin (Georges). Mazzini, promoteur de la république italienne et pionnier de la fédération européenne.. In: Revue belge de philologie et d'histoire, tome 36, fasc. 3, 1958. Langues et littératures modernes — Moderne talen en letterkunden. pp. 1013-1014
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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