23 research outputs found
PROPOSED FORECASTING METHOD AND INVENTORY CONTROL METHOD FOR RINGER LACTAT 500 ML MJB AT ROYAL PRIMA HOSPITAL MEDAN
No full textRoyal Prima Medan Hospital is a type B private hospital in Medan that has been accredited. Royal Prima Hospital must always provide the needs of its patients. In addition, one of the things that must be considered by the Hospital to maintain this accreditation is that it must always provide the medicine stock needed by the patient. In 2018, the Royal Prima Medan Hospital suffered a loss of opportunity costs of Rp 117,125,215 of one type of medicine, namely Ringer Lactat 500 ML MJB caused by out of stock.This research aims to assist the Royal Prima Medan Hospital, specifically to reduce the loss of opportunity costs caused by depleted medicine stocks. From 10 types of medicines that caused the biggest loss of opportunity costs at the Royal Prima Hospital in Medan, this research focused on the Ringer Lactat 500 ML MJB medicine which had the largest contribution, around Rp. 117,125,215. The method used in this study is the time series forecasting method and inventory control method. In addition, the author also developed an inventory ordering process to reduce the long lead time for ordering medicines. So the process of ordering medicines can done more effectively.After calculating the time series forecasting method and inventory control method, the author found the best method for the Royal Prima Medan Hospital. This method uses the estimated Holt Winter method with alpha 0.6 and gamma 0.6 and the fixed order quantity inventory control method. By applying these two methods, Royal Prima Medan Hospital can reduce the loss of opportunity costs around 49% or IDR 57,626,111 and reduce the total inventory cost around 45% or IDR 114,408,778. This helps the Royal Prima Medan Hospital to be more efficient and effective in carrying out its business.Keywords: Forecasting, Inventory Control, Hospital, Pharmac
The metrical prologues to the Visigothic Excerpta Canonum
No full textThis paper offers a study and edition of the Versificationes ad excerpta canonum librorum, a set of epigrams designed to decorate the index of a collection of summaries of conciliar canons and decretals, itself arranged thematically in ten books and known as the Excerpta hispana. The epigrams were written after the Council of Toledo of 656 and before the Council of Mérida of 666, when Ildefonsus was bishop of Toledo. The author was not a gifted or inspired poet, but at least he knew the basics of Latin versification as cultivated in Visigothic Spain in the time of Reccesuinth.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Latin vigilance and Greek invention in twelfth-century Antioch:A new interpretation of 'Adelphus'
No full textA twelfth-century Latin account claims to record a conversation with a Greek Christian in Antioch about the origins of Islam. While this so-called 'Adelphus' narrative has solely received scholarly attention as a work of Latin polemic against Islam made by a western traveller, this article argues that the text belongs to a Levantine cultural context and speaks to a contentious religious and intellectual dynamic between Latins and Greeks in twelfth-century Antioch. Through subtle literary techniques borrowed from the medieval Latin classroom, the author levels a veiled attack on the perceived threat of the Orthodox Church to Christian unity and orthodoxy. The 'Adelphus' account thus represents a highly original entry in the body of Christian-Muslim polemical literature that should be viewed within the context of Levantine Latin intellectual culture
Progress and challenges in coupled hydrodynamic-ecological estuarine modeling
No full text© The Author(s), 2015. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Estuaries and Coasts 39 (2016): 311-332, doi:10.1007/s12237-015-0011-y.Numerical modeling has emerged over the last several decades as a widely accepted tool for investigations in environmental sciences. In estuarine research, hydrodynamic and ecological models have moved along parallel tracks with regard to complexity, refinement, computational power, and incorporation of uncertainty. Coupled hydrodynamic-ecological models have been used to assess ecosystem processes and interactions, simulate future scenarios, and evaluate remedial actions in response to eutrophication, habitat loss, and freshwater diversion. The need to couple hydrodynamic and ecological models to address research and management questions is clear because dynamic feedbacks between biotic and physical processes are critical interactions within ecosystems. In this review, we present historical and modern perspectives on estuarine hydrodynamic and ecological modeling, consider model limitations, and address aspects of model linkage, skill assessment, and complexity. We discuss the balance between spatial and temporal resolution and present examples using different spatiotemporal scales. Finally, we recommend future lines of inquiry, approaches to balance complexity and uncertainty, and model transparency and utility. It is idealistic to think we can pursue a “theory of everything” for estuarine models, but recent advances suggest that models for both scientific investigations and management applications will continue to improve in terms of realism, precision, and accuracy.NKG, ALA, and RPS acknowledge
support from the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program.
DKR gratefully acknowledges support from NSF (OCE-1314642) and NIEHS (1P50-ES021923-01). MJB and JMPV gratefully acknowledge
support from NOAA NOS NCCOS (NA05NOS4781201 and
NA11NOS4780043). MJB and SJL gratefully acknowledge support from
the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program—Defense
Coastal/Estuarine Research Program (RC-1413 and RC-2245)
Climate-induced interannual variability of marine primary and export production in three global coupled climate carbon cycle models
No full text© 2008 Author(s). This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. The definitive version was published in Biogeosciences 5 (2008): 597-614, doi:10.5194/bg-5-597-2008Fully coupled climate carbon cycle models are sophisticated tools that are used to predict future climate change and its impact on the land and ocean carbon cycles. These models should be able to adequately represent natural variability, requiring model validation by observations. The present study focuses on the ocean carbon cycle component, in particular the spatial and temporal variability in net primary productivity (PP) and export production (EP) of particulate organic carbon (POC). Results from three coupled climate carbon cycle models (IPSL, MPIM, NCAR) are compared with observation-based estimates derived from satellite measurements of ocean colour and results from inverse modelling (data assimilation). Satellite observations of ocean colour have shown that temporal variability of PP on the global scale is largely dominated by the permanently stratified, low-latitude ocean (Behrenfeld et al., 2006) with stronger stratification (higher sea surface temperature; SST) being associated with negative PP anomalies. Results from all three coupled models confirm the role of the low-latitude, permanently stratified ocean for anomalies in globally integrated PP, but only one model (IPSL) also reproduces the inverse relationship between stratification (SST) and PP. An adequate representation of iron and macronutrient co-limitation of phytoplankton growth in the tropical ocean has shown to be the crucial mechanism determining the capability of the models to reproduce observed interactions between climate and PP.This work was supported by the EU grants
511106-2 (FP6 RTD project EUR-OCEANS) and GOCE-511176
(FP6 RTP project CARBOOCEAN) by the European Commission.
TLF and FJ also acknowledge support from the Swiss National
Science Foundations. SCD and MJB received support from NASA
NNG06G127G
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Assessment of the response of pollinator abundance to environmental pressures using structured expert elicitation
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Taylor & Francis via the DOI in this record.Policymakers often need to rely on experts with disparate fields of expertise when making
policy choices in complex, multi-faceted, dynamic environments such as those dealing with
ecosystem services. For policy-makers wishing to make evidence-based decisions which will
best support pollinator abundance and pollination services, one of the problems faced is
how to access the information and evidence they need, and how to combine it to formulate
and evaluate candidate policies. This is even more complex when multiple factors provide
influence in combination. The pressures affecting the survival and pollination capabilities of
honey bees (Apis mellifera), wild bees and other pollinators is well documented, but
incomplete. In order to estimate the potential effectiveness of various candidate policy
2
choices, there is an urgent need to quantify the effect of various combinations of factors on
the pollination ecosystem service. Using high quality experimental evidence is the most
robust approach, but key aspects of the system may not be amenable to experimentation or
may be prohibitive based on cost, time and effort. In such cases, it is possible to obtain the
required evidence by using structured expert elicitation, a method for quantitatively
characterizing the state of knowledge about an uncertain quantity. Here we report and
discuss the outputs of the novel use of a structured expert elicitation, designed to quantify
the probability of good pollinator abundance given a variety of weather, disease and habitat
scenarios.The workshop was generously funded jointly by two of the University of Warwick's Global
Research Priorities (GRPs), the GRP for Behavioural Science and the Food GRP. MJB was
funded by EPSRC grant number EP/K007580/1 and SKW was funded by EPSRC grant
EP/L016710/1
Grand Challenges in global eye health : a global prioritisation process using Delphi method
No full textFunding Information: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Global Eye Health is supported by The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity (grant number GR001061), National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, the Seva Foundation, and British Council for the Prevention of Blindness and Christian Blind Mission. MJB is supported by the Wellcome Trust (207472/Z/17/Z). JR's position at the University of Auckland is funded by the Buchanan Charitable Foundation, New Zealand. Funding Information: The Lancet Global Health Commission on Global Eye Health is supported by The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity (grant number GR001061), National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, the Seva Foundation, and British Council for the Prevention of Blindness and Christian Blind Mission. MJB is supported by the Wellcome Trust (207472/Z/17/Z). JR's position at the University of Auckland is funded by the Buchanan Charitable Foundation, New Zealand. Editorial note: the Lancet Group takes a neutral position with respect to territorial claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY 4.0 licenseBackground: We undertook a Grand Challenges in Global Eye Health prioritisation exercise to identify the key issues that must be addressed to improve eye health in the context of an ageing population, to eliminate persistent inequities in health-care access, and to mitigate widespread resource limitations. Methods: Drawing on methods used in previous Grand Challenges studies, we used a multi-step recruitment strategy to assemble a diverse panel of individuals from a range of disciplines relevant to global eye health from all regions globally to participate in a three-round, online, Delphi-like, prioritisation process to nominate and rank challenges in global eye health. Through this process, we developed both global and regional priority lists. Findings: Between Sept 1 and Dec 12, 2019, 470 individuals complete round 1 of the process, of whom 336 completed all three rounds (round 2 between Feb 26 and March 18, 2020, and round 3 between April 2 and April 25, 2020) 156 (46%) of 336 were women, 180 (54%) were men. The proportion of participants who worked in each region ranged from 104 (31%) in sub-Saharan Africa to 21 (6%) in central Europe, eastern Europe, and in central Asia. Of 85 unique challenges identified after round 1, 16 challenges were prioritised at the global level; six focused on detection and treatment of conditions (cataract, refractive error, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, services for children and screening for early detection), two focused on addressing shortages in human resource capacity, five on other health service and policy factors (including strengthening policies, integration, health information systems, and budget allocation), and three on improving access to care and promoting equity. Interpretation: This list of Grand Challenges serves as a starting point for immediate action by funders to guide investment in research and innovation in eye health. It challenges researchers, clinicians, and policy makers to build collaborations to address specific challenges. Funding: The Queen Elizabeth Diamond Jubilee Trust, Moorfields Eye Charity, National Institute for Health Research Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Wellcome Trust, Sightsavers, The Fred Hollows Foundation, The Seva Foundation, British Council for the Prevention of Blindness, and Christian Blind Mission. Translations: For the French, Spanish, Chinese, Portuguese, Arabic and Persian translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.Peer reviewe
Late Holocene sea-level changes in eastern Québec and potential drivers (article)
No full textThis is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record.The dataset associated with this article is available in ORE at https://doi.org/10.24378/exe.903Late Holocene sea-level changes can be reconstructed from salt-marsh sediments with decimetre-scale
precision and decadal-scale resolution. These records of relative sea-level changes comprise the net
sea-level contributions from mechanisms that act across local, regional and global scales. Recent
efforts help to constrain the relative significance of these mechanisms that include sediment dynamics
and isostasy, which cause relative sea-level changes via vertical land motion, ocean-atmosphere
processes that influence regional-scale ocean mass redistribution, and ocean-cryosphere and steric
interactions that drive global scale ocean-volume changes. There remains a paucity of high-resolution
Late Holocene sea-level data from eastern Canada. This precludes an interrogation of the mechanisms
that define sea-level changes over recent centuries and millennia in a region sensitive to oceanic
(Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation), atmospheric (North
Atlantic Oscillation, Arctic Oscillation) and cryospheric (ice-mass balance) changes. We present new
relative sea-level data that span the past three millennia from Baie des Chaleurs in the Gulf of St.
Lawrence generated using salt-marsh foraminifera supported with plant macrofossil analyses. The
accompanying chronology is based on radiocarbon and radionuclide analyses, which are
independently verified using trace metal and microcharcoal records. Relative sea level has risen at a
mean rate of 0.93 ±1.25 mm yr-1 over the past ~1500 years. Residual structure within the
reconstruction (‘internal variability’) has contributed up to an additional 0.61 ±0.46 mm yr-1 of short-lived RSL rise prior to 1800 CE. Following a sea-level low stand during the Little Ice Age,
acceleration in relative sea-level rise is identified between 1800 and 1900 CE within the estimates of
internal variability and from 1950 CE to present in both the secular and residual trends. Phases of
relative sea-level changes in the Gulf of St. Lawrence are concomitant with periods of glacier mass
loss following the Little Ice Age, phase periods of the North Atlantic Oscillation and the Atlantic
Meridional Overturning Circulation and Northern Hemisphere warming. Quantifying the individual
effects of these different mechanisms is important for understanding how ocean-atmosphere processes
redistribute ocean-mass upon larger scale background ocean-volume changes.Financial support for this study was provided by the Québec Government as part of its program for
natural-risk prevention and a Research Fellowship at the University of Exeter. MJB was funded by ICL
Fertilisers
In-hospital neonatal mortality and the role of consanguinity
No full textBackground: Consanguinity which increases the risk of genetic disorders has been implicated at times in infant mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the association between consanguinity and in-hospital mortality in newborns. Methods: Data was collected prospectively on all births from 26 hospitals in Lebanon from January 2004 to December 2008 and admitted to the National Collaborative Perinatal Neonatal Network. Secondary analysis was done on 65,402 singletons, after exclusion of stillbirths, infants of multiple gestation and infants of second cousin progeny. Results: In-hospital mortality was 6.7 per 1000 live births (439-65,402). The rate of first cousin marriage was 9.9percent. Consanguinity was significantly associated with in-hospital mortality (odds ratio 2.4; 95percent confidence interval (CI): 1.8, 3.1); consanguinity remained a significant predictor of mortality (odds ratio 1.8 [95percent CI: 1.2, 2.9]) after adjusting for maternal age and education, crowding index, history of abortion, prenatal care, mode of delivery, gender, birthweight and apgar score at 5 minutes. Conclusions: This association of consanguinity with in-hospital mortality points to potential genetic factors leading to this increased risk. Designing public health interventions, including raising the awareness and taking into consideration such risks in neonatal mortality studies are indicated. © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.Aahman E, 2005, NEONATAL PERINATAL M; Abdulkareem A., 1998, J COMMUN HEALTH, V23, P75; Abuqamar M, 2011, INT J MED MED SCI, V3, P92; Agha S, 2000, SOC SCI MED, V51, P199, DOI 10.1016-S0277-9536(99)00460-8; ALEXANDER GR, 1987, AM J PREV MED, V3, P243; Al-Hosani H A, 2003, East Mediterr Health J, V9, P333; Barbour B, 2009, J BIOSOC SCI, V41, P505, DOI 10.1017-S0021932009003290; Basu S, 2008, SINGAP MED J, V49, P556; BITTLES AH, 1994, NAT GENET, V8, P117, DOI 10.1038-ng1094-117; Bittles AH, 2001, CLIN GENET, V60, P89, DOI 10.1034-j.1399-0004.2001.600201.x; Donbak L, 2004, SAUDI MED J, V25, P1991; Dorsten LE, 1999, DEMOGRAPHY, V36, P263, DOI 10.2307-2648113; Glinianaia SV, 2000, BRIT J OBSTET GYNAEC, V107, P452, DOI 10.1111-j.1471-0528.2000.tb13261.x; Grant JC, 1997, ANN HUM GENET, V61, P143; GUZ K, 1989, HEREDITAS, V111, P79, DOI 10.1111-j.1601-5223.1989.tb00379.x; Hussain R, 2001, AM J HUM BIOL, V13, P777, DOI 10.1002-ajhb.1124; Itabashi K, 2009, PEDIATRICS, V123, P44; Jahan S, 2008, J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H, V62, P745, DOI 10.1136-jech.2007.068031; Jehan I, 2009, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V87, P130, DOI 10.2471-BLT.08.050963; Kanaan ZM, 2008, GENET TEST, V12, P367, DOI 10.1089-gte.2007.0093; Kerkeni E, 2007, CROAT MED J, V48, P701; KHLAT M, 1988, AM J HUM GENET, V43, P188; Khoury SA, 2000, SAUDI MED J, V21, P150; Lawn JE, 2005, LANCET, V365, P891, DOI 10.1016-S0140-6736(05)71048-5; LEMESHOW S, 1982, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V115, P92; Mokhtar MM, 2001, EUR J EPIDEMIOL, V17, P559, DOI 10.1023-A:1014567800950; Schoeps D, 2007, REV SAUDE PUBLICA, V41; SHAMI SA, 1989, J MED GENET, V26, P267, DOI 10.1136-jmg.26.4.267; Stoltenberg C, 1998, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V148, P452; Stoltenberg C, 1999, AM J PUBLIC HEALTH, V89, P517, DOI 10.2105-AJPH.89.4.517; Stoltenberg C, 1997, AM J EPIDEMIOL, V145, P439; Tadmouri GO, 2009, REPROD HLTH, V6; Titaley CR, 2008, BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, V8, DOI 10.1186-1471-2458-8-232; TUNCBILEK E, 1994, ANN HUM GENET, V58, P321, DOI 10.1111-j.1469-1809.1994.tb00729.x; *UN, 2011, UN MILL DEV GOALS; UNICEF, 2008, STAT WORLDS CHILDR; VanderWeele TJ, 2009, J CLIN EPIDEMIOL, V62, P438, DOI 10.1016-j.jclinepi.2008.08.001; Villegas MJB, 2006, ANN HUM BIOL, V33, P330, DOI 10.1080-03014460600627529; WHO, 2007, WORLD HLTH STAT; Yasmin S, 2001, B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN, V79, P60834
The JWST/MIRI view of the planetary nebula NGC 6302 – I. A UV-irradiated torus and a hot bubble triggering PAH formation
No full textMatsuura, Mikako et al.NGC 6302 is a spectacular bipolar planetary nebula (PN) whose spectrum exhibitsfast outflows and highly ionized emission lines, indicating the presence of a very hot central star (∼220 000 K). Its infrared spectrum reveals a mixed oxygen and carbon dust chemistry, displaying both silicate and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) features. Using the James Webb Space Telescope Mid-Infrared Instrument and Medium Resolution Spectrometer, a mosaic map was obtained over the core of NGC 6302, covering the wavelength range of 5–28 μm and spanning an area of ∼18.5 arcsec × 15arcsec. The spatially resolved spectrum reveals ∼200 molecular and ionized lines from species requiring ionization potentials of up to 205 eV. The spatial distributions highlight a complex structure at the nebula’s centre. Highly ionized species such as [Mg VII] and [Si VII] show compact structures, while lower ionization species such as H+ extend much farther outwards, forming filament-defined rims that delineate a bubble. Within the bubble, the H+ and H2 emission coincide, while the PAH emission appears farther out, indicating an ionization structure distinct from typical photodissociation regions, such as the Orion Bar. This may be the first identification of a PAH formation site in a PN. This PN appears to be shaped not by a steady, continuous outflow, but by a series of dynamic, impulsive bubble ejections, creating local conditions conducive to PAH formation. A dusty torus surrounds the core, primarily composed of large (μm-sized) silicate grains with crystalline components. The long-lived torus contains a substantial mass of material, which could support an equilibrium chemistry and a slow dust-formation process.This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program #1742. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular, the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. This study is based on the international consortium of ESSENcE (Evolved Stars and their Nebulae in the JWST era). MM and RW acknowledge support from the STFC Consolidated grant (ST/W000830/1). MJB and RW acknowledge support from the European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant SNDUST 694520. AAZ acknowledges funding through UKRI/STFC through grant ST/T000414/1. HLD acknowledges support from grant JWST-GO-01742.004 and NSF grants 1715332 and 2307117. JC and EP acknowledge support from the University of Western Ontario, the Canadian Space Agency (CSA)[22JWGO1-14], and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. NCS acknowledges support from NSF award AST-2307116. GCS thanks Michael L. Norman and the Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics for the use of ZEUS-3D. The computations were performed at the Instituto de Astronomía-UNAM at Ensenada. PK acknowledges support from the Science Foundation Ireland/Irish Research Council Pathway programme under grant number 21/PATH-S/9360. KEK acknowledges support from grant JWST-GO-01742.010-A. FK and MT were partly supported by the Spanish program Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2020-001058-M, financed by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. JML was supported by basic research funds of the Office of Naval Research. RS’s contribution to the research described here was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA, and partially funded by grant JWST-GO-01742.005-A from the STScI under NASA contract NAS5-03127. This research made use of photutils, an astropy package for detection and photometry of astronomical sources (Bradley 2023). The montage9 was used in python code to make false colour images, developed by Chawner et al. (2020). The montage project is funded by the National Science Foundation under grant number ACI-1440620, and was previously funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Earth Science Technology Office, Computation Technologies Project, under Cooperative Agreement Number NCC5-626 between NASA and the California Institute of Technology. This work makes use of the ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2012.1.00320.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA) and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada), NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan), and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright licence (where permitted by UKRI, ‘Open Government Licence’ or ‘CC BY-ND public copyright licence’ may be stated instead) to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising.With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (CEX2020-001058-M)Peer reviewe
