1,720,957 research outputs found
The Strategic Design Approaches for Chittagong Hill Areas to Reduce Risks of Landslides and Exploring the Opportunity of Tourism Development
No full text<p>Chittagong is the largest port city and second largest city of Bangladesh and contributes substantially to the economic development of Bangladesh. Chittagong is quite an attractive location. Surrounded by the rivers, hills and the sea, Chittagong possess the opportunity to uphold its image as a fascinating, multiple tourism destination where visitors can enjoy both the sea and hills. Chittagong has boundless opportunities for thousands of people living in the hilly areas. But unfortunately the hillsides are highly vulnerable to frequent and damaging landslides. Recent major landslides were caused by an extreme, higher than average, rainfall within a short period of time. Moreover rapid urbanization, increased population density, improper land use, alterations in the hilly regions by illegally cutting the hills, indiscriminate deforestation and agricultural practices are aggravating the land and contributing to landslides. The aim of this study is to assess the area's potential for landslides and explores different strategic designs measures based on assessment of risks, uncertainty, possible consequences, constructability, environmental impacts and costs. While proposing specific measures to take to prevent landslides, it is best to match the physical characteristics of the hills and the availability of materials. This study makes an effort to contribute to the development of a comprehensive design solution that can be adapted to reduce landslides and to ensure the residents' immediate safety and at the same time promote tourism development.</p>
Sustainability towards the Resilience of Coastal Small-Scale Fishermen: A Case Study on JALADAS of Delipara, Chattogram, Bangladesh
No full text<p>In Bangladesh the people of the coastal area which is also known as zone of multiple hazards are primarily dependent on Agriculture for their livelihood and fishing is the second prime livelihood of coastal community. Coastal small-scale fishermen are very much unprotected towards a number of vulnerabilities which are many-folded and have a sequential impact on person"s safety and poverty level. The small-scale fishermen are the poverty-stricken vulnerable members of this stratified society (Bene, C, 2004). To reduce the vulnerability of these coastal small-scale fishing community, it is important to enhance fishers' capacities and capabilities through the reduction of poverty. This research paper has been intended to study on these small-scale fishermen through the case study approach. After a reconnaissance survey on four fishing villages "Delipara" a traditional fishing village of Hindu "Jaladas" (artisanal fisherman) was selected for detail study. From the study on the artisanal fisherman of Delipara it is found that for building a resilient fishing community it is essential to develop the socio-economic condition through reducing the poverty of that community. And to do these the following issues needs to be considered a. Improvement of fishing through technology and accessibility to resources, b. Provision for alternative and supplemental livelihood, c. Building a disaster resilient habitat, and d. Integrating livelihood with housing and settlement. This study illustrates the existing vulnerability to risk and shocks of the fisher that interfere the livelihoods of the fishers and will illuminate on different alternative and sustainable livelihoods that can be improvised among these small-scale or artisanal fishing community to increase their level of income.</p>
COMMUNITY BASED APPROACHES TO RESILIENCE: RESPONSE TO VULNERABILITY OF COASTAL HABITAT IN CHANGING CLIMATE
No full text<p>The coastal zone of Bangladesh is generally perceived to be a zone of multiple vulnerabilities. The people of that area are familiar with these natural activities, but recently climate change phenomenon adding fuel to these natural disasters. Although the death toll from cyclone event has been decreasing in recent years by constructing cyclone shelter and improving early warning systems, cyclones continue to put heavy burdens on the socio-economic life of Bangladesh. Coastal habitat and livelihood of the people are severely damaged because of natural hazards and climate change. However, these seems to be lack of overall solutions of livelihood with planned settlements for building disaster resilient community in hazard exposed areas. This research recognizes local resources and indigenous knowledge is a domain, which provides physical, social and financial capacity of coastal people towards community resilience. Indigenous communities living in the coastal areas for centuries have a unique cultural identity based on a close contact with nature. It is assumed that they have developed an indigenous perception of natural hazards and, thereby, possess effective survival strategies.The research also argues that community approaches to disaster management is essential for the adaptation of coastal people to take effective actions to reduce losses, damages and sufferings caused by climate change.</p>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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