1,721,066 research outputs found
Antiphospholipid antibodies and antiphospholipid syndrome in cancer: Uninvited guests in troubled times
No full textAntiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are autoantibodies with laboratory significance in developing thrombosis and pregnancy morbidity in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). High prevalence of aPLs namely - anticardiolipin, anti-β2-glycoprotein I, lupus anticoagulant, antiphosphatidylcholine, antiphosphatidylserine, antiphosphatidylinositol, antiphosphatidylethanolamine and antiprothrombin antibodies have been observed in patients with different types of haematological malignancies and solid tumours. Although cancer patients have high risk of developing thrombosis, the risk becomes even higher in aPLs carriers. Although the relationship between aPLs and cancer has to be further investigated, however, the presence of aPLs in neoplastic patients can possibly increase the risk of developing thrombosis. As the pathogenic role of aPLs in cancer is still a matter of debate, more researches should be conducted on the association between the aPLs and malignancies towards the potential impact on understanding the pathogenicity and treatment when cancer and APS coexists.</p
Efficient Microwave Imaging Algorithms with On-Body Sensors for Real-Time Biomedical Detection and Monitoring
No full textElucidation of clinical and laboratory features, comorbidity risks, treatment options and molecular pathophysiology of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) patients
Full text linkAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disease
characterised by the presence of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) such
as lupus anticoagulant (LA), anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-β2-glycoprotein I (β2-GPI)
antibodies to phospholipid binding proteins. Although the disease has been in
existence for approximately 35 years, the diagnostic criteria, risk factors, pathogenesis,
genetic aspects, treatment strategies are poorly understood and have yet to be fully
developed. In this study, the clinical and laboratory features, genetic risk factors,
comorbidity risks, molecular pathophysiology and optimal treatment strategy of APS
patients are explored. Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived
high-quality and integrity RNA extraction and purification method was optimised
(centrifugal speed: 14000 rpm + spin time: 75 seconds + DNase treatment + Ribolock
RNase inhibitor + RNA clean-up) which could be used to send APS patients’ RNA for
RNA-Seq. In quest of APS patients, two studies were conducted. Firstly, on a familial
primary APS cases from Sarawak, Malaysia, patients however became seronegative
following long warfarin therapy. Another one with APS subjects from Hospital
Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) were retrospectively investigated by exploring the
clinical, laboratory and treatment strategies. High occurrence of pregnancy morbidity,
as well as some unusual clinical features such as persistent dysfunction of liver and
kidneys; menorrhagia and ovarian cyst were observed. The use of medium-intensity
warfarin was successful in preventing thrombosis recurrence. Additionally, since theHUSM patients were unwilling to participate in this study, we were unable to send the
RNA samples for RNA-Seq to BGI. A systematic review with bioinformatic analyses
was conducted to identify the genetic risk factors in thrombotic APS subjects where
16 genes were significantly associated with thrombosis affecting mostly the blood
coagulation pathway and the immune system related to APS. Overall, three systematic
reviews and meta-analyses were conducted to determine the influence of aPLs in
patients with migraine, epilepsy and dementia without autoimmune disease as
compared to controls, where aPLs were significantly comorbid with the said
manifestations. Therefore, the neurologic features were early clinical manifestations
before the development of full-blown APS. A single Cochrane systematic review was
developed to explore the optimum treatment strategy for thrombotic APS subjects,
where, moderate-intensity warfarin was superior than high-intensity warfarin. Overall,
a comprehensive study exploring the clinical and laboratory features, genetic risk
factors, comorbidity risks, molecular pathophysiology and optimal treatment strategy
of APS patients was successfully established
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Immunomodulatory Effects of Diet and Nutrients in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE):A Systematic Review
No full textSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ involvement, including the skin, joints, kidneys, lungs, central nervous system and the haematopoietic system, with a large number of complications. Despite years of study, the etiology of SLE remains unclear; thus, safe and specifically targeted therapies are lacking. In the last 20 years, researchers have explored the potential of nutritional factors on SLE and have suggested complementary treatment options through diet. This study systematically reviews and evaluates the clinical and preclinical scientific evidence of diet and dietary supplementation that either alleviate or exacerbate the symptoms of SLE. For this review, a systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases only for articles written in the English language. Based on the currently published literature, it was observed that a low-calorie and low-protein diet with high contents of fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, minerals and polyphenols contain sufficient potential macronutrients and micronutrients to regulate the activity of the overall disease by modulating the inflammation and immune functions of SLE.</p
Editorial:Autoimmunity and cardiovascular diseases
Full text link© 2023 The Authors. Published by Frontiers Media. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence. The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisher’s website: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2023.1249525Published versio
MicroRNA (miRNA): A New Dimension in the Pathogenesis of Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS)
No full textMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single-stranded, endogenous RNA molecules that play a significant role in the regulation of gene expression as well as cell development, differentiation, and function. Recent data suggest that these small molecules are responsible for the regulation of immune responses. Therefore, they may act as potent modulators of the immune system and play an important role in the development of several autoimmune diseases. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune systemic disease characterized by venous and/or arterial thromboses and/or recurrent fetal losses in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). Several lines of evidence suggest that like other autoimmune disorders, miRNAs are deeply involved in the pathogenesis of APS, interacting with the function of innate and adaptive immune responses. In this review, we characterize miRNAs in the light of having a functional role in the immune system and autoimmune responses focusing on APS. In addition, we also discuss miRNAs as potential biomarkers and target molecules in treating APS
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